專四閱讀理解練習(xí).doc

1、專四閱讀理解練習(xí)1As many as one thousandyears ago in theSouthwest,the Hopi andZuni Indians of North Americawere building with adobesun baked brick plastered with mud. Their homes looked remarkablylike modern apartment houses. Some were four stories high and contained quarters for perhapsa thousand people,al

2、ong with storerooms forgrainand othergoods. These buildingswere usuallyput up against cliffs, both to make construction easier and for defense against enemies. Theywere really villages in themselves, as later Spanish explorers must have realized since theycalled them pueblos, which is Spanish for to

3、wn.The peopleof the pueblosraisedwhat are calledthethreesisters- corn,beans,and squash.They made excellentpotteryand wove marvelousbaskets,some so finethatthey could hold water.The Southwest has always been a dry country, where water is scarce. The Hopi and Zuni broughtwater from streamsto theirfiel

4、dsand gardens throughirrigationditches.Water was so importantthatitplayeda major rolein theirreligion.They developedelaborateceremoniesand religiousrituals to bring rain.The way of life of less settled groups was simpler and more strongly influenced by nature. tribes such as the Shoshone and Ute wan

5、dered the dry and mountainous lands between the Rocky Mountains and the Pacific Ocean. They gathered seeds and hunted small animals such as smallSmallrabbits and snakes. In the Far North the ancestors of todays Inuit hunted seals, walruses,and the great whales. They lived right on the frozen seas in

6、 shelters called igloos built ofblocksof packed snow. When summer came, theyfishedforsalmon and hunted the lordlycaribou.The Cheyenne, Pawnee, and Sioux tribes, known as the Plains Indians, lived on the grasslandsbetween the Rocky Mountains and the Mississippi River. They hunted bison, commonly call

7、ed the buffalo. Its meat was the chief food of these tribes, and its hide was used to make their clothing and covering of their tents and tipis.1. What does the passage mainly discuss?A. The architecture of early American Indian buildings.B. The movement of American Indians across North America.C. C

8、eremonies and rituals of American Indians.D. The way of life of American Indian tribes in early North America.2. It can be inferred from the passage that the dwellings of the Hopi and Zuni were_.A. very smallB. highly advancedC. difficult to defendD. quickly constructed答案答案：1. D) 根據(jù)閱讀短文可知，作者主要描述了北美地

9、區(qū)不同印第安部落的不同的生活方式。故選項(xiàng) D 為正確答案。2. B)此題為推斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段可知，早在一千年前Hopi 和 Zuni 兩支北美印第安部落就用一種磚坯“ adobe”來建造房屋，高可達(dá)四層樓高，有居住室還有儲(chǔ)藏室，頗像現(xiàn)代的公寓，故選項(xiàng)B（高度發(fā)達(dá)）為正確答案。專四閱讀理解練習(xí)2Human beings have used tools for a very long time. In some parts of the world you can stillfind tools that people used more than two million years ago.

10、 They made these tools by hittingone stone against another. In this way, they broke off pieces from one of the stones. Thesechips of stone were usuallysharp on oneside. People usedthem for cuttingmeat and skin fromdead animals, and also for making other tools out of wood.Human beings needed to use t

11、ools because they did not have sharp teeth like other meat eatinganimals, such as lions and tigers. Tools helped people to get food more easily. Working withtoolsalsohelpedto develophuman intelligence.The human braingrew bigger,and human beingsbegan to invent more and more tools and machines. The st

12、one chip was one of the first toolsthat people used, and perhaps it is the most important. Some scientists say that it was thekey to success of mankind.1. The stone chip is thought to be the most important tool because it _.A. was one of the first toolsB. developed human capabilitiesC. led to the in

13、vention of machinesD. was crucial to the development of mankind2. At the end of the passage the author seems to suggest that life in future is _.A. disastrous B. unpredictableC. excitingD. colorful答案答案：1. D)這是一道細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章第二段尾句“Some scientists say that it was the key to the success of mankind”可知“ stone

14、 chip”對(duì)于人類的發(fā)展起到了非常重要的作用，這與D正好相符。2. B) 在文章最后一段中作者說人類在過去的幾百萬年時(shí)間里一直使用“ stone chip ”，人類社會(huì)發(fā)生的變化很小。而我們使用“ silicon chips ”才不過幾年，生活卻發(fā)生了巨大的變化。于是作者發(fā)出了疑問：“二十年后的生活會(huì)是什么樣子的呢？”，“ 二百萬年后的世界又會(huì)是什么樣子呢？”，表明將來的生活無法預(yù)料，這與選項(xiàng)B 相符。專四閱讀理解練習(xí)3GlacierNationalPark in Montana shares boundarieswithCanada, an American Indianreservati

15、on,and a nationalforest.Along the North Fork of the FlatheadRiver,the parkalsobordersabout17,000 acres of private lands that are currently used for ranching, timber, and agriculture.This land is an importantpartof the habitatand migratoryroutesforseveralendangered speciesthat frequent the park. Thes

16、e private lands are essentially the only ones available fordevelopment in the region.With encouragement from the park,locallandownersinitiateda land use planningeffortto guidethe future of the NorthFork. The park is apartner in an inter local agreement that calls forresource managing agencies to wor

17、k together and with the more than 400 private owners in thearea. A draft plan has been prepared, with objectiveof maintaining traditional economicusesbut limitingnew development thatwould damage park resources.Voluntaryactionby landowners,in cooperation with the park and the county, is helping to re

18、strict small lot subdivisions,maintain wildlife corridors, and minimize any harmful impact on the environment.The willingness of local landowners to participate in this protection effort may have beenstimulated by concerns that congress would impose a legislative solution. Nevertheless, manylocal re

19、sidents want to retain the existing character of the area. Meetings between parkofficials and landowners have led to a dramatically improved understanding of all concerns.1. The passage mainly discusses_.A. the endangered species in Glacier National ParkB. the protection of lands surrounding Glacier

20、 National ParkC. conservation laws imposed by the state of MontanaD. conservation laws imposed by Congress2. Why are the private lands surrounding Glacier National Park so important? A. They function as a hunting preserve.B. They are restricted to government use. C. They are heavily populated.D. The

21、y contain natural habitats of threatened species.3. The relationship between park officials and neighboring landowners may best be described as_.A. indifferent B. intimateC. cooperative D. disappointing4. Itcan be inferredfrom the passage thata major interestof the officialsof GlacierNationalPark is

22、 to_.A. limit land development around the parkB. establish a new park in MontanaC. influence national legislationD. settle border disputes with Canada填空答案答案：1. B) 這是一道主旨題。通過閱讀文章可知，為了保護(hù)冰川國家公園的瀕危物種和資源，公園當(dāng)局和地方土地所有者制訂了限制土地使用計(jì)劃，故答案為B。2. D)這是一道細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第一段第三句“This land is an important part of the habitat and

23、migratory routes for several endangered species that frequent the park.”（這片土地是非常重要的，因?yàn)檫@里是幾種經(jīng)常光顧此公園的瀕危物種的棲息地和遷徙路線。）可知選項(xiàng)D 為正確答案。3. C) 根據(jù)第二段可知，公園當(dāng)局和地方土地所有者密切合作來保護(hù)資源，因此他們的關(guān)系是cooperative (合作性的 ) 。4. A) 這是一道推理題。根據(jù)第二段第三句和閱讀全文，我們很容易就可以得到這樣一個(gè)信息：為了保護(hù)自然資源和瀕危物種，公園管理者限制那些會(huì)破壞資源的土地開發(fā)。因此選項(xiàng)A 為正確答案。專四閱讀理解練習(xí)4About 5,0

24、00 years ago, the Egyptians and other people in the Near East began to use picturesas kindof writing.They drew simplepicturesor signsto representthingsand ideas,to representthe sounds of theirlanguage.The signsthese people used became a kindofand also alphabet.The Egyptians used to record informatio

25、n and to tell stories by putting picture writing andpictures together. Whenan important person died, scenes and stories from his and carved on the walls of the place where he was buried. Someof these pictureslifearewere paintedlikemoderncomic strip stories. It has been said that Egypt is the home of

26、 the comic strip. But, for theEgyptians, pictures still had magic power. So they did not try to make their way of writingsimple. The ordinary people could not understand it.By the year 1,000 BC, people who lived in the area around the Mediterranean Sea had developeda simpler system of writing. The s

27、igns they used were very easy to write, and there werefewerof them than in the Egyptian system. This was because each sign, or letter, represented onlyone sound in their language. The Greeks developed this system and formed the letters of theGreek alphabet. The Romans copied the idea, and the Roman

28、alphabet is now used all over theworld.These days, we can write down a story, or record information, without using pictures. But westill need pictures of all kinds: drawing, photographs, signs and diagrams. We find themeverywhere: in books and newspapers, in the street, and on the walls of the place

29、s where welive and work. Pictures help us to understand and remember things more easily, and they canmake a story much more interesting.1. Picturesofanimalswere paintedon the wallsof caves inFrance and Spain because_.A. the hunters wanted to see the picturesB. the painters were animal loversC. the p

30、ainters wanted to show imaginationD. the pictures were thought to be helpful2. The Greek alphabetwas simplerthan the Egyptiansystem forallthe followingreasonsEXCEPTthat_.A. the former was easy to writeB. there were fewer signs in the formerC. the former was easy to pronounceD. each sign stood for on

31、ly one sound3. Which of the following statements is TRUE?A. The Egyptian signs later became a particular alphabet.B. The Egyptians liked to write comic strip stories.C. The Roman alphabet was developed from the Egyptian one.D. The Greeks copied their writing system from the Egyptians.4. In the last

32、paragraph, the author thinks that pictures _. A. should be made comprehensibleB. should be made interesting C. are of much use in our lifeD. have disappeared from our life1. D)根據(jù)文章第一段第五行“Perhaps the painters thought that their pictures would help themto catch these animals.”可知古代人以為在墻上畫畫會(huì)對(duì)他們有所幫助，故選項(xiàng)D

33、 為正確答案。2. C) 在做此類題時(shí)要注意題干的要求。通過閱讀文章第四段很清楚就知道選項(xiàng)C “前者容易發(fā)音”在文中沒有提及，故為正確答案。3. A) 可用排除法來做本題。通過閱讀文章很清楚選項(xiàng)B 和 D為錯(cuò)誤陳述。選項(xiàng)C “羅馬字母是從埃及字母發(fā)展而來的”根據(jù)文章第四段第四，五句可知為錯(cuò)誤論述，因此只有選項(xiàng)A 為正確答案。4. C) 文章最后一段講述了圖畫在今天的用途，故選項(xiàng)C 為正確答案。專四閱讀理解練習(xí)5There are many theories about the beginning of drama in ancient Greece. The one most widelyac

34、ceptedtoday is based on the assumptionthatdrama evolvedfrom ritual.The argument forthisview goes as follows. In the beginning, human beings viewed the natural forces of the world,even the seasonalchanges,as unpredictable,and they sought throughvariousmeans, to controlthese unknown and feared powers.

35、 Those measures which appeared to bring the desired resultswere then retainedand repeateduntilthey hardened intofixedrituals.Eventuallystoriesarosewhich explainedor veiledthe mysteriesof the rites.As time passed some ritualswere abandoned,but the stories, later called myths, persisted and provided m

36、aterial for art and drama.Those who believed that drama evolved out of ritual also argue that those rites contained theseed oftheaterbecause music,dance,masks,and costumes were almostalwaysused. Furthermore,a suitable site had to be provided for performances, and when the entire community did notpar

37、ticipate,a clear divisionwas usuallymade betweentheactingareaand theauditorium.In addition,therewere performers,and,since considerableimportancewas attached toavoidingmistakesin theenactment of rites,religiousleadersusually assumed thattask.Wearing masksand costumes,theyoftenimpersonatedotherpeople,

38、animals,or supernaturalbeings,and mimedthe desired effect-success in hunt or battle, the coming rain, the revival of the Sun-as anactor might.Eventuallysuch dramaticrepresentationswere separatedfromreligiousactivities.Another theorytracesthetheaters originfrom the human interestinstorytelling.Accord

39、ingto this view, tales (about the hunt, war, or other feats) are gradually elaborated, at firstthrough the use of impersonation, action, and dialogue by a narrator and then through theassumption ofeach oftherolesby a differentperson. A closely relatedtheorytraces theaterto those dances that are prim

40、arily rhythmical and gymnastic or that are imitations of animalmovements and sounds.1. What does the passage mainly discuss?A. The origins of theater. B. The role of ritual in modern dance.C. The importance of storytelling. D. The variety of early religious activities.2. What aspect of drama does th

41、e author discuss in the first paragraph? A. The reason drama is often unpredictable.B. The seasons in which dramas were performed.C. The connection between myths and dramatic plots. D. The importance of costumes in early drama.3. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a common element of theater

42、 and ritual?4. According to the passage, what is the main difference between ritual and drama? A. Ritual uses music whereas drama does not.B. Ritual is shorter than drama.5. The passage supports which of the following statements? A. No one really knows how the theater began.B. Myths are no longer re

43、presented dramatically. C. Storytelling is an important part of dance.D. Dramatic activities require the use of costumes.1. A)這是一道主旨題。根據(jù)文章第一句“There are many theories about the beginning of dramain ancientGreece. ”及第三段第一句“ Anothertheorytracesthe theater s originfrom the humaninterest in storytelling.

44、”可知本文是討論戲劇的起源的。故選項(xiàng)A 為正確答案。2. C)這也是一道主旨題。本題可用排除法來做。通過閱讀第一段，首先很明顯可將選項(xiàng)B 和 D 排除；選項(xiàng) A（戲劇無法預(yù)測(cè)的原因）也不正確，故只有選項(xiàng)C（神話與戲劇情節(jié)的聯(lián)系）為正確答案。3. D)這是一道細(xì)節(jié)題。在做本題時(shí)要注意題干中的NOT。通過閱讀文章很明顯選項(xiàng)D Magic為正確答案。4. D) 根據(jù)文章第二段可知盡管有人說戲劇起源于宗教儀式，但是它們還是有區(qū)別的，例如：戲劇演出“performances ”要有合適的演出地點(diǎn)；戲劇表演時(shí)，“表演區(qū)”（“acting area”）和“觀看區(qū)”（ “auditorium ”） 有明顯的分

45、界線，另外表演戲劇還要有演員。而宗教儀式在進(jìn)行過程中為了避免犯錯(cuò)誤都是由宗教領(lǐng)袖來進(jìn)行，由他們戴上面具，穿上服裝來模仿其他人，動(dòng)物或超自然的東西，做出一些動(dòng)作以求達(dá)到一些目的，例如：在打獵或戰(zhàn)斗中取得勝利，祈雨等。由此可判斷宗教儀式都有一定的宗教目的，而戲劇卻沒有，這正符合選項(xiàng)D。5. A) 通過閱讀文章可知，選項(xiàng) A 為正確答案。專四閱讀理解練習(xí)6Certainly no creature in the sea is odder than the common sea cucumber. All living creature，especially human beings ，have th

46、eirpeculiarities，buteverythingabout the littlesea cucumberseems unusual.What elsecan be saidabout a bizarre animal that ， among othereccentricities，eats mud， feedsalmostcontinuouslyday and nightbutcan live without eatingforlong periods，and can be poisonous but is considered supremely edible by gourm

47、ets？For some fiftymillionyears ， despiteallitseccentricities， thesea cucumber has subsistedon its diet of mud. It is adaptable enough to live attached to rocks by its tube feet， underrocksinshallowwater ， oron the surfaceofmud flats.Commonin coolwateron bothAtlanticand Pacific shores， it has the abi

48、lity to suck up mud or sand and digest whatever nutrientsare present.Sea cucumbers come in a variety of colors， ranging from black to reddish brown to sand colorand nearly white.One form even has vividpurple tentacles.Usuallythe creatures are cucumbershaped-hence their name-and because theyare typic

49、allyrockinhabitants， thisshape ， combinedwith flexibility， enables them to squeeze into crevices where they are safe from predatorsand ocean currents.Althoughthey have voraciousappetites， eatingday and night ， sea cucumbers have the capacityto become quiescent and live at a low metabolic rate-feedin

50、g sparingly or not at all for longperiods ， so that the marine organisms that provide their food have a chance to multiply. Ifit were not for this faculty， they would devour all the food available in a short time andwould probably starve themselves out of existence.But the most spectacular thing about the sea cucumber is the way it defends itself. Its majorenemies are fish and crabs， when attacked， it squirts all its internal organs into water.It also casts off atta