托福寫(xiě)作中正確使用語(yǔ)法得高分

1、資料來(lái)源：來(lái)自本人網(wǎng)絡(luò)整理！祝您工作順利！托福寫(xiě)作中正確使用語(yǔ)法得高分 托福寫(xiě)作語(yǔ)法是大家在備考過(guò)程中不行輕視的一項(xiàng)功課，在托福寫(xiě)作中，選擇適宜的語(yǔ)法構(gòu)造可以使句子意思的表達(dá)更為準(zhǔn)確和簡(jiǎn)練。下面我給大家?guī)?lái)托福寫(xiě)作中正確用法語(yǔ)法得高分。 托福寫(xiě)作中正確用法語(yǔ)法得高分 1. 一個(gè)句子的主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)當(dāng)可以反映句子中的最重要的意思。例如：. the situation that resulted in my grandfathers not being able to study engineering was that his father needed help on the farm. 從

2、意思上來(lái)分析，上面這句話需要表達(dá)的重要的概念是“grandfathers not being able to study，而在表達(dá)這個(gè)概念時(shí)，原句用的主語(yǔ)是situation，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是was，不能強(qiáng)調(diào)需要表達(dá)的重點(diǎn)概念，可以改為下面這句話： my grandfather couldnt study engineering because his father needed help on the farm. 2. 避開(kāi)頻繁用法“there be構(gòu)造，例如下面的句子： there were 25 cows on the farm that my grandfather had to milk

3、every day. it was hard work for my grandfather. 可以改為：my grandfather worked hard. he had to milk 25 cows on the farm every day. 更簡(jiǎn)潔的句式為： my grandfather worked hard milking 25 cows daily. 3. 把從句改為短語(yǔ)或單詞。例如： dairy cows were raised on the farm, which was located100 kilometers from the nearest university

4、and was in an area that was remote. 簡(jiǎn)介的表達(dá)方式為： the dairy farm was located in a remote area, 100 kilometers to the nearest university. 4. 僅在需要強(qiáng)調(diào)賓語(yǔ)而不是主語(yǔ)的時(shí)候，才用法被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。例如： in the fall, not only did the cows have to be milked, but also the hay was mowed and stacked by my grandfathers family. 本句不夠簡(jiǎn)潔的緣由是本句的重心

5、應(yīng)當(dāng)是“勞碌的家庭-my grandfathers family，而用法了被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)后，仿佛重心變成了cows和hay。下面的表達(dá)方式是主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，相對(duì)來(lái)說(shuō)更簡(jiǎn)潔一些： in the fall, my grandfathers family not only milked the cow but also mowed and stacked the hay. 5. 用更為準(zhǔn)確的一個(gè)動(dòng)詞來(lái)代替動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)，例如下面這句話： my grandfather didnt have time to stand around doing nothing with his school friends. stand

6、 around doing nothing其實(shí)可以用一個(gè)動(dòng)詞來(lái)表達(dá)，即loiter： my grandfather didnt have time to loiter with his school friends. 6. 有時(shí)兩句話的信息經(jīng)過(guò)組合完全可以用一句話來(lái)簡(jiǎn)練地表達(dá)，例如： profits from the farm were not large. sometimes they were too small to meet the expenses of running a farm. they were not sufficient to pay for a university

7、degree. 兩句話的信息可以合并為下面這句更為簡(jiǎn)潔的句子： profits from the farm were sometimes too small to meet operational expenses, let alone pay for a university degree. 托福寫(xiě)作解析:假設(shè)條件句怎么寫(xiě) it is essential for young people to have the ability to plan and organize. if a high school student is about to leave school soon, it is

8、 necessary for him to have a most suitable plan before the graduation ceremony begins. teachers should give students homework everyday. if teacher had been checking the students progress with daily homework assignments, they might not have failed the test. 過(guò)去的虛擬，把反面的例子變成正面的評(píng)論 if sb had done, sb migh

9、t/would have done traveling alone is better than travelling with a companion. but for the assistance from a companion, travelers would be exposed to more dangers on the way. 如今或?qū)?lái)的狀況：but for sb/sth, sb would do sth 過(guò)去的狀況： but for sb/sth, sb would have done 托福寫(xiě)作解析：寫(xiě)作段落要如何布局 托福寫(xiě)作解析之段落要如何布局開(kāi)頭段 托福寫(xiě)作綜合局部

10、的開(kāi)頭段一般來(lái)說(shuō)是首先提出聽(tīng)力局部的觀點(diǎn)以及相應(yīng)的論據(jù)內(nèi)容。然后緊接著用連詞“in addition、meanwhile或者是“moreover引出閱讀局部相反或者是一樣的觀點(diǎn)以及對(duì)應(yīng)的論據(jù)。托福綜合寫(xiě)作的開(kāi)頭段起著交代文章主旨以及概括文章主要內(nèi)容的作用。開(kāi)篇交代出閱讀和聽(tīng)力局部的關(guān)系以及相應(yīng)的內(nèi)容，給讀者直觀表達(dá)，從而便利接下來(lái)中間段的闡述。因此，托福綜合寫(xiě)作開(kāi)頭段的寫(xiě)作框架是固定不變的，考生只要依據(jù)題目?jī)?nèi)容不同，填入相應(yīng)的內(nèi)容即可。 托福寫(xiě)作解析之段落要如何布局中間局部 在托福寫(xiě)作開(kāi)頭段做好鋪墊之后，中間段落的主要內(nèi)容就是闡述聽(tīng)力和閱讀之間的關(guān)系。一般來(lái)說(shuō)，托福綜合寫(xiě)作的中間段落分為3段，

11、每一段的框架和構(gòu)造是全都的，主要是提出聽(tīng)力局部的論點(diǎn)和論據(jù)，然后用一個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)折連詞或者遞進(jìn)關(guān)系的詞匯，引出閱讀局部的論點(diǎn)和論據(jù)內(nèi)容。這里要留意的是三個(gè)段落之間的關(guān)系是并列的，考生可以用表示序列的“first、second、third來(lái)連接三個(gè)段落之間的關(guān)系。 托福寫(xiě)作解析之段落要如何布局結(jié)尾段 托福綜合寫(xiě)作的結(jié)尾段和全部英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作形式差不多，都是起到總結(jié)和概括文章內(nèi)容的作用。但是，在這里，一般來(lái)說(shuō)就是再次申訴一下閱讀和聽(tīng)力之間的關(guān)系即可。在這局部，標(biāo)記性的連接詞就是“in all、to sum up、in summary等。雖然，結(jié)尾段看似和開(kāi)頭段落的內(nèi)容差不多，但是，結(jié)尾段更側(cè)重于表達(dá)聽(tīng)力或者閱讀

12、局部的缺乏，從而確定文章的一個(gè)中心。此外，還要留意的一點(diǎn)就是，托福綜合寫(xiě)作局部的結(jié)尾段可以省略。 托福寫(xiě)作解析 得高分必需遵循的10個(gè)準(zhǔn)那么 1、place the emphatic words of a sentence at the end 欲擒故縱的圓周句(periodic sentence)中，強(qiáng)調(diào)信息后置。 eg: four centuries ago, christopher columbus, one of the italian mariners whom the decline of their own republics had put at the service of

13、the world and of adventure, seeking for spain a westward passage to the indies as setoff against the achievements of portuguese discoverers, lighted on america. eg: with these hopes and in this belief i would urge you, laying aside all hindrance, thrusting away all private aims, to devote yourselves

14、 unswervingly and unflinchingly to the vigorous and successful prosecution of this war. 2、in summaries, keep to one tense 總結(jié)通常用法如今時(shí)態(tài)，假如用法過(guò)去時(shí)，請(qǐng)保持時(shí)態(tài)全都。 3、make the paragraph the unit of composition: one paragraph to each topic 不同的段落構(gòu)成文章，每個(gè)段落僅傳遞一個(gè)觀點(diǎn) 4、as a rule, begin each paragraph with a topic sentenc

15、e; end it in conformity with the beginning 規(guī)章：每個(gè)段落均以主題句開(kāi)頭，并且首尾照應(yīng)。 a. the topic sentence comes at or near the beginning; 主題句前置 b. the succeeding sentences explain or establish or develop the statement made in the topic sentence; 段落圍繞主題句綻開(kāi)，后面的句子對(duì)主題句進(jìn)展綻開(kāi)說(shuō)明 c. the final sentence either emphasizes the th

16、ought of the topic sentence or states some important consequence. 末尾句或者對(duì)主題句進(jìn)展強(qiáng)調(diào)，或者闡述主題句帶來(lái)的結(jié)果。 5、use the active voice 主動(dòng)句永久比被動(dòng)句挺直有力 eg: there were a great number of dead leaves lying on the ground = dead leaves covered the ground. (清楚生動(dòng)) eg: the reason that he left college was that his health became

17、impaired. = failing health compelled him to leave college. (簡(jiǎn)潔有力) eg: it was not long before he was very sorry that he had said what he had. = he soon repented his words. (簡(jiǎn)潔有力) 6、put statements in positive form 以確定的形式表達(dá)否認(rèn)的意思, 避開(kāi)用法平淡、毫無(wú)顏色，遲疑不決和模糊其辭的語(yǔ)言。 eg：he was not very often on time. = he usually

18、came late. eg: he did not think that studying latin was much use. = he thought the study of latin useless. eg: the taming of the shrew is rather weak in spots. shakespeare does not portray katharine as a very admirable character, nor does bianca remain long in memory as an important character in sha

19、kespeares works. = the women in the taming of the shrew are unattractive. katharine is disagreeable, bianca insignificant. 7、omit needless words 刪除冗詞 vigorous writing is concise. a sentence should contain no unnecessary words, a paragraph no unnecessary sentences, for the same reason that a drawing

20、should have no unnecessary lines and a machine no unnecessary parts. this requires not that the writer make all his sentences short, or that he avoid all detail and treat his subjects only in outline, but that every word tell. 有力的寫(xiě)作肯定簡(jiǎn)潔。 owing to the fact that =since (because) in spite of the fact that =though (although) call your attention to the fact that =remind you (notify you) the fact that he had not succeeded =his failure 8、avoid a succession of loose sentences 別寫(xiě)流水賬，找找語(yǔ)言的規(guī)律關(guān)系，通過(guò)who, which, when, where, and while 這些詞把句子串起來(lái)。 9、express co-ordinate ideas in similar fo