農(nóng)業(yè)局局長在全縣水稻病蟲害防治工作會上的講話

1、農(nóng)業(yè)局局長在全縣水稻病蟲害防治工作會上的講話一、當(dāng)前水稻病蟲害發(fā)生概況由于冬后病蟲基數(shù)高，前期雨水多，遷飛性害蟲遷入時(shí)間早，遷入量大，使得我縣目前水稻病蟲害發(fā)生呈現(xiàn)出重發(fā)生態(tài)勢，且具有如下二大特點(diǎn)。1、重發(fā)生的病蟲種類多。早稻一代二化螟全縣普遍重發(fā)，且有的鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)損失較大。特別是蠶桑主產(chǎn)區(qū)，由于養(yǎng)蠶正忙，有的無暇顧及防治一代二化螟，造成枯心率高達(dá)1015%；葉瘟在中優(yōu)974等品種上呈現(xiàn)急性型病斑，且已有發(fā)病中心，并開始座蔸矮縮，發(fā)病中心的病葉率高達(dá)95%以上；稻飛虱百叢蟲量一般為500只，高的達(dá)5000只，且若蟲占85%以上，不少田塊的蟲量已超過防治指標(biāo)；紋枯病年年重發(fā)，季季重發(fā)；稻象甲在部分鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)

2、的中稻秧田中為害較重，斷苗率高達(dá)815%。2、發(fā)生為害時(shí)間早。今年稻飛虱遷入的時(shí)間較常年早1015天，蟲源越冬地東南亞國家（如越南、菲律賓）及我國的廣西、廣東等地的稻飛虱不但發(fā)生期提早，而且蟲口基數(shù)是常年同期的10多倍。目前，我縣早稻田塊稻飛虱蟲口密度之高，發(fā)生期之早，若蟲比例之大等都是多年來所沒有的。二、早稻穗期重大病蟲災(zāi)害發(fā)生趨勢預(yù)測根據(jù)我們農(nóng)業(yè)部門的田間調(diào)查、氣象部門的天氣預(yù)報(bào)，結(jié)合苗情等因素進(jìn)行綜合分析，預(yù)計(jì)我縣早稻穗期病蟲害發(fā)生趨勢為重發(fā)生態(tài)勢，其中稻飛虱大發(fā)生已成定局，穗瘟暴發(fā)成災(zāi)極有可能。其主要依據(jù)有三點(diǎn)：1、病蟲基數(shù)高，大發(fā)生征兆明顯。稻飛虱發(fā)生為害期早，蟲口基數(shù)高，若蟲比例大

3、；葉瘟有急性型病斑，有發(fā)病中心。2、氣候有利，大發(fā)生條件具備。目前不但病蟲基數(shù)已具備大發(fā)生的可能，而且氣候條件也非常有利，據(jù)氣象部門預(yù)報(bào)，6月1215日，全縣有4天明顯降水過程，而此時(shí)正值早稻破口初期，所以穗瘟暴發(fā)流行極有可能，而暴雨又會使稻飛虱大批迫降我縣，增加稻飛虱的蟲源。3、穗期植株茂密，苗情有利。穗期正是穗瘟、飛虱和紋枯病等重大病蟲發(fā)生的高危期，植株高大茂密，防治困難。農(nóng)戶習(xí)慣一畝一桶水，兌水量嚴(yán)重不足，藥液噴施不均勻，不能到達(dá)飛虱棲息的稻叢基部和紋枯病發(fā)生的部位（稻叢中下部）。三、下步建議（一）當(dāng)務(wù)之急是打好早稻穗期混合用藥保穗戰(zhàn)。打好早稻穗期“混合用藥保穗戰(zhàn)”工作應(yīng)切實(shí)注意以下四個(gè)

4、技術(shù)方面的問題。1、明確主攻病蟲。這次混合用藥保穗戰(zhàn)役的主攻病蟲為穗瘟、稻飛虱、紋枯病，同時(shí)，兼治縱卷葉螟及二代螟蟲。2、把住關(guān)鍵時(shí)期。全縣要在6月1525日期間，把住早稻破口抽穗初期及時(shí)噴藥防治，做到先破口的田塊先用藥，后破口的后用藥。對稻瘟發(fā)生嚴(yán)重的田塊，還應(yīng)在齊穗期再施藥防治。3、選擇對路農(nóng)藥。任何單位和個(gè)人不得向農(nóng)民宣傳、推廣未經(jīng)試驗(yàn)或經(jīng)試驗(yàn)防效不佳的農(nóng)藥，以及內(nèi)吸性不強(qiáng)的農(nóng)藥，如造成防效低下，大面積失收的，將依照江西省植物保護(hù)條例等有關(guān)法律、法規(guī)從嚴(yán)處理。為確保防效，維護(hù)廣大農(nóng)民的切身利益，各鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)可統(tǒng)一使用以下高效對路防治藥劑：防治穗瘟：瘟失頓（75%三環(huán)唑）、山野瘟清；防治稻飛虱：

5、虱紅、凈殺星、艾美樂、山野飛、追命；防治紋枯?。?0%井崗霉素粉劑；防治縱卷葉螟及二代螟蟲；蟲滅靈、賽打、螟路、螟跑、敵螟唑、螟清。4、科學(xué)混合用藥。在水稻破口抽穗初期一定要全面施一次混合保穗藥。每畝可用瘟失頓30克（或瘟清80毫升）+凈殺星24克（或虱紅、艾美樂2克）+20%井崗霉素粉劑50克+賽打（或蟲滅靈、螟路）70100毫升（或螟跑30毫升）混合兌水45公斤，均勻噴霧。稻瘟發(fā)生重的田塊，齊穗期應(yīng)再畝用富士一號100毫升兌水45公斤，均勻噴霧一次。（二）進(jìn)一步加大行政推動和技術(shù)指導(dǎo)的合力，確保“混合用藥保穗”戰(zhàn)役的全面勝利1、加強(qiáng)鄉(xiāng)村兩級的行政推動。重大病蟲害的防控歷來是“七分行政，三分

6、技術(shù)”，如果沒有行政力量的支持，就是再好的防治措施也是枉然。所以江西省植物保護(hù)條例第二十條明確規(guī)定：“鄉(xiāng)級人民政府和村民委員會應(yīng)當(dāng)及時(shí)傳遞農(nóng)業(yè)有害生物預(yù)報(bào)防治信息，組織當(dāng)?shù)剞r(nóng)民和農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營組織實(shí)施防治?！睘榇耍覀儽仨毎l(fā)揚(yáng)2005年“水稻病蟲害防治年”的成功做法，依托鄉(xiāng)村干部網(wǎng)絡(luò)支持，繼續(xù)實(shí)施病蟲情報(bào)進(jìn)村入戶工程，實(shí)行干部送達(dá)農(nóng)戶，農(nóng)民簽收回執(zhí)，以明確各自責(zé)任，督促防治工作的落實(shí)。同時(shí)，要加大宣傳力度，利用一切宣傳輿論工具進(jìn)行宣傳。農(nóng)技站和各村委會要辦好病蟲防治宣傳欄、墻報(bào)，縣植保站要將病蟲情報(bào)送到報(bào)社、電視臺進(jìn)行報(bào)道，各鎮(zhèn)閉路電視也可以進(jìn)行播放。早稻面積大的鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)要采取出動宣傳車、鳴鑼警示等

7、形式進(jìn)行宣傳告知農(nóng)民。再是，要采取“統(tǒng)一組織，統(tǒng)一時(shí)間，統(tǒng)一方法，統(tǒng)一藥劑”的四統(tǒng)一方法，運(yùn)用行政手段，實(shí)行統(tǒng)防統(tǒng)治，力爭把病蟲害損失降到最低，確保早稻豐產(chǎn)豐收。在7月底8月初和中旬左右，還要分別打好一晚和二晚的穗期混合用藥保穗戰(zhàn)。2、加強(qiáng)防控病蟲的技術(shù)指導(dǎo)與服務(wù)，縣植保站要進(jìn)一步搞好病蟲監(jiān)測預(yù)警工作，當(dāng)好領(lǐng)導(dǎo)參謀，及時(shí)編發(fā)病蟲情報(bào)，繼續(xù)實(shí)施“行政+技術(shù)”雙管齊下的措施，指導(dǎo)農(nóng)民開展科學(xué)防治；鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)農(nóng)技站植保員要深入田間調(diào)查，面對面地指導(dǎo)。每周四向縣植保站報(bào)送田間病蟲調(diào)查實(shí)況。農(nóng)業(yè)局政子成員和技術(shù)干部劃片包干，明確專業(yè)技術(shù)人員的包鄉(xiāng)責(zé)任。會議結(jié)束后，農(nóng)業(yè)局所有專業(yè)技術(shù)人員都必須下到所分的鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)，進(jìn)

8、村組、入農(nóng)戶、到田間指導(dǎo)農(nóng)民科學(xué)防治。（三）加大農(nóng)藥市場的監(jiān)管力度。縣農(nóng)業(yè)執(zhí)法大隊(duì)要充分發(fā)揮農(nóng)藥監(jiān)管的執(zhí)法主體作用，主動與工商、技監(jiān)部門密切配合，按照市委趙書記提出的“沒有一瓶假農(nóng)藥”的要求，進(jìn)一步加大農(nóng)藥市場的監(jiān)管力度，從嚴(yán)打擊經(jīng)營假冒偽劣農(nóng)藥的不法行為，確保農(nóng)民利益不受侵害。農(nóng)技站經(jīng)營的農(nóng)藥等農(nóng)資要確保質(zhì)量，不得隨意改變混合用藥的品種，降低藥效。違者將從嚴(yán)追究責(zé)任。同志們，早稻豐收與否，在此一戰(zhàn)，讓我們同心協(xié)力，切實(shí)打好這次早稻穗期“混合用藥保穗”戰(zhàn)，以確保農(nóng)民增產(chǎn)增收。qcwa3ptgz7r4i30ka1dkaghn3xtkknbycudxqa7fhyi2chhi92tgkqcwa3pt

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