過去進(jìn)行時用法詳解

1、 中 國 教 育 培 訓(xùn) 領(lǐng) 軍 品 牌環(huán)球雅思學(xué)科教師輔導(dǎo)講義講義編號 GELY 學(xué)員編號：GELY 年 級： 課時數(shù)：3學(xué)員姓名： 輔導(dǎo)科目： 學(xué)科教師：祖建學(xué)科組長簽名及日期教務(wù)長簽名及日期課 題過去進(jìn)行時授課時間：2015備課時間： 2015教學(xué)目標(biāo)掌握過去進(jìn)行時的結(jié)構(gòu)用法，辨析過去進(jìn)行時與一般過去時等。重點、難點過去進(jìn)行時的用法，從句中的時態(tài)辨析?？键c及考試要求過去進(jìn)行時的結(jié)構(gòu)be doing以及與其他時態(tài)的辨析?！旧洗握n內(nèi)容回顧】現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時1定義：表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動作，也可表示當(dāng)前一段時間內(nèi)的活動或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動作。2基本結(jié)構(gòu)為be+動詞ing. Hes playing

2、 basketball now. 3否定句在be后加not。 Hes not 4一般疑問句把be動詞調(diào)到句首。5現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的特殊疑問的基本結(jié)構(gòu)為：疑問詞+ be + 主語 + 動詞ing? 如：What are you doing? 但疑問詞當(dāng)主語時其結(jié)構(gòu)為： 疑問詞 + be + 動詞ing? 如： Who is singing over there? 6.動詞加ing的變化規(guī)則（1）一般情況下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking（2）以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾，去e加ing，如：make-making, taste-tasting（3）如果末尾是一個元音字母和一個輔音字母，雙寫末尾的輔音字母

3、，再加ing，如：run-running, stop-stopping sit-sitting get-getting run-running forget-forgetting begin-beginning（4）以ie結(jié)尾的動詞，改ie為y加ing ，die-dying lie-lying7. 時間狀語：now, look, listen，Its oclock典型例題： Whats the weather like?Oh, it _ outside. Take an umbrella with you.【2011遼寧大連】A. rains B. is raining C. was rain

4、ing D. rained【新授課知識講解】第一部分：定義及結(jié)構(gòu)第二部分：用法第三部分：與一般過去時的區(qū)別1、 定義及結(jié)構(gòu)1.定義 過去進(jìn)行時，是表示過去某個具體時刻正在進(jìn)行的事情或動作。2. 結(jié)構(gòu)：be (過去式）+ 動詞ing2、 用法1. 1.過去進(jìn)行時的主要用法是描述一件事發(fā)生的背景；一個長動作發(fā)生的時候，另一個短動作發(fā)生。常用的時間狀語 when, while例如： My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle . 我哥哥騎自行車的時候從車上摔下來。It was raining when they left the station.

5、他們離開車站的時候天正在下雨。They left the station while it was raining . 天正在下雨的時候他們離開了車站。When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun was shining. 當(dāng)我到達(dá)山頂?shù)臅r候，陽光燦爛。2.過去進(jìn)行時可以表示在過去某個時間點發(fā)生的事情。時間點可以用介詞短語、副詞或從句來表示。常用的時間狀語：this morning, the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, 例如： What was

6、she doing at nine oclock yesterday? 昨天晚上九點她在做什么？ (介詞短語表示時間點) When I saw him he was decorating his room. 當(dāng)我看見他的時候他正在裝飾房間。(when從句表示時間點)We were watching TV from seven to nine last night. 昨天晚上七點到九點的時候我們在看電視。What was he researching all day last Sunday? 上周日他一整天都在研究什么？3. 在復(fù)合句中，如果主要動作和背景動作都是延續(xù)的或同時發(fā)生的，那么主從句的

7、動詞都可用過去進(jìn)行時。例如：While he was waiting for the bus, he was reading a newspaper.他邊等車邊看報。 (兩個動作都是延續(xù)的)He was cleaning his car while I was cooking. 他擦車時我在做飯。(兩個動作同時進(jìn)行)4. 通常不能用于過去進(jìn)行時的動詞主要有：agree, be, believe, belong, care, forget, hate, have(擁有), hear, know, like, love, mean, mind, notice, own, remember, see

8、m, suppose,understand, want, wish等。例如：誤：I was knowing the answer.正：I knew the answer. 我知道答案。誤：I wasnt understanding him.正：I didnt understand him. 我不明白他的意思。第三部分：與一般過去式的區(qū)別一般過去時敘述舊事，過去進(jìn)行時描述背景。、一般過去時）敘述過去狀態(tài)、動作或事件He went to Beijing the other day.（帶具體時間）表示過去的習(xí)慣would ,used to與過去時would 表間斷性不規(guī)則的習(xí)慣，常帶頻率時間used

9、 to 表一貫性有規(guī)律的習(xí)慣They used to meet and would sometimes exchange one or two words.He smoked a lot two years ago. （過去行為） would 用于文中不用于句首，只表過去習(xí)慣。used to 表今昔對比的含義，敘述習(xí)慣動作可與would 換用。When he was a boy , he would often go there . （敘述過去）She isnt what she used to be. (今昔對比)表示狀態(tài)時一般只用used toTom used to be fat /The

10、re used to stand a tree there. (狀態(tài))was (were) used to +ving表示“合適于，適應(yīng)于.”He used to work at night . (“習(xí)慣”表經(jīng)常)He was used to working at night. (習(xí)慣表適應(yīng))）表示過去的經(jīng)歷，平行動作，依此事件用一般過去時。He sat there and listened to the radio.(依此發(fā)生)）表示客氣委婉的語氣，用于情態(tài)動詞，助動詞和want , wonder , hope 等How did you like the film? / Could you

11、help me?B. 過去進(jìn)行時1）表示在過去某階段或某一時刻正在發(fā)生What were you doing at 8:30 last night? (過去某時刻正在發(fā)生)2）與always ,often ,usually 等連用表喜愛，討厭等感情色彩。He was always changing his mind.C. 進(jìn)行時表某一行為的“片斷”一般時表示行為的“整體”和存在的狀態(tài)。I was reading the book at that time. (未讀完，“讀”的片段)I read the book yesterday. (已讀完，表整個“讀”)D、表示在過去的某段時間里一直反復(fù)持

12、續(xù)進(jìn)行的動作。It was raining all night.He was writing a letter the whole of afternoon.E、while 時間狀語從句中用短暫動詞時只能用進(jìn)行時。例：He broke a chair while he was jumping up and down.F、while 所在主從句動作大致持續(xù)相等時主從句一般都用進(jìn)行時，但若是持續(xù)動詞可都用一般過去時，兩個動作一長一短時短的用一般時，長的用進(jìn)行時。I was cooking the dinner while he was playing the piano.(平行)I cooked

13、the dinner while he played the piano.I saw him while I was walking to the station.補(bǔ)充：英語中有四類動詞一般不用進(jìn)行時（不用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時和過去進(jìn)行時）1)表心理狀態(tài)、情感的動詞，如love ,hate ,like ,care ,respect ,please ,prefer ,know 等，若用進(jìn)行時則詞意改變。Im forgetting it . (=beginning to forget )2)表存在、狀態(tài)的動詞，如appear ,exist ,lie ,remain ,stand ,seem等3)表感覺的動詞

14、，如see ,hear ,feel ,smell ,sound ,taste等.4)表人的期待，允諾，拒絕，結(jié)束的詞，如accept ,allow ,admit ,decide ,end ,refuse ,permit ,promise等【典型例題】1 Mary _ a dress when she cut her finger.A. made B. is making C. was making D. makes答案C. 割傷手指是已發(fā)生的事情，應(yīng)用過去時。同時，when表時間的同時性，“瑪麗在做衣服時”提供事情發(fā)生的背景，因此用過去進(jìn)行時。2 As she _ the newspaper,

15、 Granny _ asleep.A. read; was falling B. was reading; fell C. was reading; was falling D. read;fell 答案B.句中的as = when,描述一件事發(fā)生的背景時，用過去進(jìn)行；一個長動作發(fā)生的時候，另一個短動作發(fā)生。句意為 在她看報紙時，奶奶睡著了。句中的 fell (fall的過去時)，是系動詞，后跟形容詞，如：fall sick。時間從句的動作長，而“入睡”動作短，故前者用過去進(jìn)行時，而較短動詞用一般過去時，選B3 Tom _ into the house when no one _ .A. sl

16、ipped/was looking B. Had slipped /lookedC. slipped/had looked D. was slipping /looked答案A此題先要理解好when ，表“此時”，說明主句中slipped是較短行為，而look是較長行為的片斷，即湯姆溜進(jìn)房子，此時沒人瞧見，故選A為正確。【題型介紹】單項選擇、句子翻譯；一般與時間狀語從句同時出現(xiàn)【課堂訓(xùn)練】1It _（rain）very hard when we _（get）there yesterday.2I _（watch） TV at 7:00 P.M. yesterday.3What _（you do

17、） at that time?4She _（have） a bath when the phone _（ring）.5The students _（make） noises while the teacher _（be） away.6I _（read） in my room when she _（come）.7It _（grow） dark, so we _（turn） back for home.8As the winds _（blow） stronger and stronger, we _（not go） swimming yesterday afternoon.9The baby _（

18、cry ） all morning today.10We _（have） a good time when suddenly the lights _（go） out.【鞏固訓(xùn)練】1. I fell and hurt myself while I _ tennis.A.was playing B.am playing C.play D.played答案：A。2. One of the guards _ when the general came in, which made him very angry.A.has slept B.were sleeping C.slept D.was sle

19、eping3.Tom was so careless that he _ his right arm when he was riding to school.A. hurts B. hurt C. has hurt D. had hurt4. Hurry up! The train _.A. started B. has started C. is starting D. had started答案是C。該句是說：快點！火車快開了！該句所用動詞start是移位動詞，一般用它的進(jìn)行時表示將來。5. Move the piano to the sitting room, or it _ a lo

20、t of room in his study.A. will take up B. took up C. takes up D. taking up分析：答案是A。該句是說：把鋼琴移到客廳去，否則它將占據(jù)書房很多的空間。在“祈使句 + or/and + 陳述句”這樣的句型中，一般用將來時。6. Hello! I _ you _ in Washington. How long have you been there?A. dont know, were B. hadnt known, are C. havent known, are D. didnt know, were答案是D。該句是說：我（

21、原本）不知道你在華盛頓。你在那里呆多久了？這個“不知道”是以前不知道，所用動詞應(yīng)是過去式。7. I wonder why she _ writing yet.A. dont start B. doesnt start C. had not started D. hasnt started分析：答案是D。該句是說：我想知道為什么他還沒開始寫。Yet是完成時態(tài)的標(biāo)志，另外主句是一般現(xiàn)在時，所用從句應(yīng)是現(xiàn)在完成時。【課堂回顧】第一部分：定義及結(jié)構(gòu)第二部分：用法第三部分：與一般過去時的區(qū)別【課后作業(yè)】一、單項選擇1. What _ from three to four yesterday aftern

22、oon?A. have you done B. had you doneC. did you do D. were you doing2. I called you yesterday evening, but there was no answer.Oh, Im sorry I _ dinner at my friends home.A. have B. had C. was having D. have had3. My mother _ while my father _TV.A. cooked; was watching B. was cooking; was watchingC. w

23、as cooked; watched D. cooked; watched4. When I got home, my son _ the music.A. am listening to B. listened to C. was listening to D. was listening5. We heard a cry when we _ TV last night.A. were watching B. would watch C. watch D. watched6. She asked him whether he _ back for lunch.A. come B. was c

24、oming C. came D. had come7. Could you tell me when _?A. she is coming B. she was coming C. will be come D. is he coming8. The teacher _ when I came into the classroom.A. is drawing B. draws C. has drawn D. was drawing9. The pizza _ by my mother. Would you like to have some?A. makes B. was making C.

25、made D. was made10. Nobody noticed what she _ at the moment.A. will do B. was doing C. has done D. had done11. Was it raining hard when you _ this morning?A. left B. leaves C. was leaving D. would leave DCBCA BADDBA2、 句子翻譯1 昨天這個時候你們英語老師在做什么？她在和一些家長談話嗎？ _2 當(dāng)我離開的時候他正在畫一幅世界地圖。 _3 當(dāng)你看見他們的時候他們在干什么？他們在打掃教室。 _4 那時二班的學(xué)生沒在操場上踢足球，他們在打籃球。 _5 一天，母親下班回家的時候，約翰在寫給一個朋友寫信。 _6 上周五一下午，學(xué)生們在干什么？他們一直在往