電大《水工鋼筋混凝土結構》試題5681B小抄

1、密封線內不要答題試卷號： 5681 座位號: 貴州廣播電視大學2011-2012學年度第二學期期末考試（開放本科）水工鋼筋混凝土結構試題2012年9月題 號一二三四五總 分分 數得分 評卷人一、單項選擇題（每空2分，共10分）1、配有螺旋鋼筋的混凝土圓柱體試件的抗壓強度高于軸心抗壓強度的原因是螺旋鋼筋（ ）。（a）參與了混凝土的受壓工作 （b）約束了混凝土的橫向變形 （c）使混凝土不出現細微裂縫2、以下使結構進入承載能力極限狀態(tài)的是（ ）（a）結構的一部分出現傾覆 （b）梁出現過大的撓度 （c）鋼筋生銹3、材料圖也叫正截面受彎承載力圖，其形狀（ ）。（a）與梁上的彎矩包絡圖相同 （b）與梁內的

2、縱筋布置情況有關 （c）與梁內的箍筋和彎起筋用量有關4、大偏心受拉構件設計時，若已知as，計算出b，則表明（ ）（a）as過多 （b）as過少 （c）as過少 5、在下列減小受彎構件撓度的措施中錯誤的是（ ） （a） 提高混凝土強度 （b）增大截面高度 （c）增大構件跨度得 分評 卷 人二、填空題（每空2分，共20分）1、t截面連續(xù)梁在負彎矩段，由于翼緣處在受拉區(qū)，應按_截面計算；在正彎矩段，按_截面計算。2、抗剪鋼筋也稱作腹筋，腹筋的形式可以采用_和_。3、預應力和非預應力混凝土軸心受拉構件,在裂縫即將出現時，它們的相同之處是混凝土的應力達到_，不同處是預應力構件混凝土的應力經歷了從受_到受

3、_的變化過程，而非預應力構件混凝土的應力是從_變化到_。可見二者的抗裂能力是_構件的大。得 分評 卷 人三、判斷題（每小題2分，共10分。正確的給t，錯誤的給f）1. 適筋梁彎曲將要破壞時，受壓邊緣混凝土應力最大。 （ ）2. 軸向壓力對構件斜截面受剪承載力總是有利的。 （ ）3. 在適筋范圍內的鋼筋混凝土受彎構件中，提高混凝土強度等級對于提高正截面抗彎承載力的作用是不很明顯的。（ ）4. 混凝土受壓破壞也是由于內部微裂縫擴展的結果。（ ）5. 先張法軸拉構件完成全部預應力損失后，預應力筋的總預拉力npii=50kn，若加載至混凝土應力為零，外載n050kn。（ ）得 分評 卷 人四、簡答題（

4、每小題10分，共50分）1、什么是伸長率？.2、水工鋼筋混凝土結構中，引起裂縫的非荷載因素主要有哪些？3、什么是結構的可靠性?它包含哪些要求？4、什么叫剪跨比？以及對無腹筋梁的斜截面承載力與斜截面破壞形態(tài)有何影響？5、普通預應力混凝土構件的基本工作原理是什么？ 得 分評 卷 人五、計算題（本題10分）一矩形截面簡支梁(級安全級別、一類環(huán)境條件），截面尺寸為bh=200500mm而不能改變?；炷翉姸鹊燃墳閏25，鋼筋為級。持久設計狀況下，承受彎矩設計值m210knm。試進行截面鋼筋計算。（fc=12.5n/mm2，fy=310 n/mm2，a=60 mm ，a=35mm, min=0.15%，

5、b=0.544） 試卷號：5681貴州廣播電視大學2011-2012學年度第二學期期末考試水工鋼筋混凝土結構試題答案（供參考）2012年9月一、 選擇題1、b. 2、a 3、b 4、b 5、c二、填空題1.矩形，t形。2.彎起鋼筋；箍筋3.ft、壓、拉、0、ft、預應力。三、判斷題1 2. 3. 4. 5. 四、簡答題1. 什么是伸長率？答:鋼筋試件拉斷后的伸長值與原長的比率。2.水工鋼筋混凝土結構中，引起裂縫的非荷載因素主要有哪些？答：主要有溫度變化，混凝土收縮，基礎不均勻沉降，塑性坍塌，鋼筋銹蝕，堿骨料化學反應等。3.什么是結構的可靠性?它包含哪些要求?答：結構的可靠性是指結構在規(guī)定的時間

6、（設計基準期）內，在規(guī)定的條件下，完成預定功能的能力。結構的可靠性要求包括以下三個方面：安全性、適用性和耐久性。4.什么叫剪跨比？以及對無腹筋梁的斜截面承載力與斜截面破壞形態(tài)有何影響？答：剪跨比是剪跨a和截面有效高度ho的比值，其中a為集中荷載作用點到支座截面或節(jié)點邊緣的距離。對梁頂直接施加集中荷載的無腹筋梁，剪跨比是影響受剪承載力的主要因素。試驗表明，隨著剪跨比的減少，斜截面受剪承載力有增高的趨勢。一般來說，3 時常為斜拉破壞。當1 時可能發(fā)生斜壓破壞。1minbh0=132mm2winger tuivasa-sheck, who scored two tries in the kiwis

7、20-18 semi-final win over england, has been passed fit after a lower-leg injury, while slater has been named at full-back but is still recovering from a knee injury aggravated against usa.both sides boast 100% records heading into the encounter but australia have not conceded a try since josh charnl

8、eys effort in their first pool match against england on the opening day.aussie winger jarryd hayne is the competitions top try scorer with nine, closely followed by tuivasa-sheck with eight.but it is recently named rugby league international federation player of the year sonny bill williams who has

9、attracted the most interest in the tournament so far.the kiwi - with a tournament high 17 offloads - has the chance of becoming the first player to win the world cup in both rugby league and rugby union after triumphing with the all blacks in 2011.id give every award back in a heartbeat just to get

10、across the line this weekend, said williams.the (lack of) air up there watch mcayman islands-based webb, the head of fifas anti-racism taskforce, is in london for the football associations 150th anniversary celebrations and will attend citys premier league match at chelsea on sunday.i am going to be

11、 at the match tomorrow and i have asked to meet yaya toure, he told bbc sport.for me its about how he felt and i would like to speak to him first to find out what his experience was.uefa hasopened disciplinary proceedings against cskafor the racist behaviour of their fans duringcitys 2-1 win.michel

12、platini, president of european footballs governing body, has also ordered an immediate investigation into the referees actions.cska said they were surprised and disappointed by toures complaint. in a statement the russian side added: we found no racist insults from fans of cska. baumgartner the disa

13、ppointing news: mission aborted.the supersonic descent could happen as early as sunda.the weather plays an important role in this mission. starting at the ground, conditions have to be very calm - winds less than 2 mph, with no precipitation or humidity and limited cloud cover. the balloon, with cap

14、sule attached, will move through the lower level of the atmosphere (the troposphere) where our day-to-day weather lives. it will climb higher than the tip of mount everest (5.5 miles/8.85 kilometers), drifting even higher than the cruising altitude of commercial airliners (5.6 miles/9.17 kilometers)

15、 and into the stratosphere. as he crosses the boundary layer (called the tropopause),e can expect a lot of turbulence.the balloon will slowly drift to the edge of space at 120,000 feet ( then, i would assume, he will slowly step out onto something resembling an olympic diving platform.they blew it i

16、n 2008 when they got caught cold in the final and they will not make the same mistake against the kiwis in manchester.five years ago they cruised through to the final and so far history has repeated itself here - the last try they conceded was scored by englands josh charnley in the opening game of

17、the tournament.that could be classed as a weakness, a team under-cooked - but i have been impressed by the kangaroos focus in their games since then.they have been concentrating on the sort of stuff that wins you tough, even contests - strong defence, especially on their own goal-line, completing se

18、ts and a good kick-chase. theyve been great at all the unglamorous stuff that often goes unnoticed in the stands but not by your team-mates.it is as though their entire tournament has been preparation for the final.in johnathan thurston, cooper cronk, cameron smith and either billy slater or greg inglis at full-back they have a spine that is unmatched in rugby league. they have played in so many high-pressure games - a priceless asset going into saturday.the kiwis are a