人教版英語選擇性必修一：4.1 Reading and thinking 練習(xí)（解析版）

1、2020-2021學(xué)年高中英語新教材同步備課（人教版選擇性必修第一冊）Unit 4 Body languagePeriod 1 Reading and Thinking課后練習(xí)（解析版）第一部分：根據(jù)首字母提示或漢義補全句子，每題1分，共計20分。1. The Secretary of Statehas the power toa_theproposals.【答案】approve【解析】國務(wù)卿有權(quán)批準(zhǔn)這些議案。批準(zhǔn)，approve2. The study also d_a direct link between obesity and mortality.【答案】demonstrated【解析

2、】這項研究說明了肥胖和死亡之間的直接關(guān)系。顯示，說明，時態(tài)為一般過去時態(tài)，demonstrated3. In general,Japanesecarsareveryr_andbreakdownsare rare.【答案】reliable【解析】總之，日本的汽車很可靠，故障很少發(fā)生?？煽康?，reliable4. IncollegeIhad beentaughtthatasuccessful_(教育工作者)shouldignorebadbehavior.【答案】educator 【解析】上大學(xué)時我學(xué)到，一名成功的教育工作者應(yīng)該忽略壞的行為。Educator，單數(shù)形式5. Adults learn

3、what they_(理解) to be useful in their lives.【答案】perceive【解析】成年人學(xué)習(xí)他們所理解的在生活中有用的東西。理解，perceive6. There is a growing t_ for people to work at home instead of in offices.【答案】tendency【解析】人們現(xiàn)在有一種趨勢，在家工作而不是在公司。趨勢，tendency7. Acombination of_(內(nèi)部的)and external factorscausedthecompanytoclose down.【答案】internal【解

4、析】內(nèi)部和外部的因素合起來導(dǎo)致了公司的倒閉。internal8. The_(事件)happenedjustaftertenoclocklocaltime.【答案】incident【解析】這個時間發(fā)生在當(dāng)?shù)貢r間10點鐘。事件，incident9. The bookwas written in astylea_totheage ofthechildren.【答案】appropriate【解析】這本書是用適合這個年齡段的孩子們的風(fēng)格寫成。適合的，appropriate10. W_ to the crash said they saw an explosion just before the disa

5、ster.【答案】Witnesses【解析】墜機的目擊證人說他們在災(zāi)難發(fā)生前看到了爆炸。后面的代詞they說明前面的“目擊證人”為復(fù)數(shù)形式，Witnesses11. Thetwopicturesaresimilar,althoughnoti_.【答案】identical【解析】這兩張畫很相似，雖然不完全相同。相同的，一模一樣的，identical12. People get job satisfaction from different factors, such as social_(交流) with colleagues.【答案】interactions【解析】人們從不同的因素中獲得滿足，

6、比如與同事之間的社交。交流，交往，interactions13. Thetelecom industryinAustraliais very smallin_(比較)withtherestof theworld.【答案】comparison【解析】與是加上其他地區(qū)相比，澳大利亞的電信業(yè)很小。comparison14. The rooms were spacious, with tall windows and high_(屋頂).【答案】ceilings【解析】這些屋子很寬敞，墻和屋頂都很高。前面的rooms用了復(fù)數(shù)形式，“屋頂”也需要是復(fù)數(shù)形式。ceilings15. A survey of

7、 the American diet has r_ that a growing number of people are overweight.【答案】revealed【解析】一個對美國人飲食的調(diào)查顯示，越來越多的人超重。顯示，revealed16. They have been treated with this drug in clinical_(實驗).【答案】trials【解析】他們在臨床試驗中用這種藥進(jìn)行治療。試驗，要用復(fù)數(shù)形式，trials17. A severe storm destroyed a natural_(屏障) between the house and the l

8、ake.【答案】barrier【解析】一場猛烈地暴風(fēng)雨摧毀了房子和湖之間的一個天然屏障。barrier18. Youllquicklya_yourself tostudentlife.【答案】adjust【解析】你很快就會調(diào)整自己適應(yīng)學(xué)生生活。調(diào)整，adjust19. She was _(尷尬的) when they asked her age.【答案】embarrassed【解析】當(dāng)他們問她年齡的時候，她感覺很尷尬。embarrassed20. Hecalledthemseveraltimesto_(打聽)aboutjobpossibilities.【答案】inquire【解析】他給他們打了

9、幾次電話打聽就業(yè)機會的事。inquire第二部分：用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式補全句子，每題1.5分，共計30分。1. Whateverthe scientists_(ultimate) conclude,alloftheirdatawillimmediatelybe questioned.【答案】ultimately【解析】無論科學(xué)家們最終得出什么結(jié)論，他們的所有數(shù)據(jù)將隨即受到質(zhì)疑。副詞修飾動詞，ultimately2. The artisthas paintedthescenefrom_(vary)viewpoints.【答案】various/varying【解析】那位畫家從各種角度把這一景色畫了

10、下來。形容詞修飾名詞，不同的，various/varying3. Thetermsoftheagreementare_(favour)to bothsides.【答案】favorable【解析】協(xié)議條款對雙方都有利。對.有利，be favorable to.4. Its estimated that more than 3,000 local workers_(employ) in the tourism industry.【答案】are employed【解析】據(jù)估計超過3000名本地工人受雇于旅游業(yè)。一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)，are employed5. Daviddreamedto bean

11、_(interpret).【答案】interpreter【解析】大衛(wèi)夢想成為一名口譯員。名詞，口譯員，interpreter6. Itisimportanttoremember thateachpersonreacts_(different).【答案】differently【解析】重要的是要記住每個人的反應(yīng)不同。副詞修飾動詞，以不同方式，differently7. Hespoke_(anger)abouttheconditionoftheurbanpoor.【答案】angrily【解析】他憤怒地談?wù)摮鞘胸毭竦奶幘?。副詞修飾動詞，angrily8. The_(imply)inhisarticle

12、isthatbeinga housewifeis greatly inferiortoeveryother occupation.【答案】implication【解析】他那篇文章的含意是，當(dāng)家庭主婦遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不如所有其他職業(yè)。冠詞后為名詞，含義，暗示，implication9. His family then moved to a_(slight) larger house.【答案】slightly【解析】他的家后來搬到了一間稍微大一點兒的房子。副詞修飾形容詞，slightly10. Elsewhere, people favour shaking hands, _(bow) form the wa

13、ist or nodding the head when they meet someone else.【答案】bowing【解析】在其他地方，當(dāng)見面時，人們更喜歡握手，彎腰鞠躬或點頭致意。并列連詞or連接的為動詞的-ing形式，此處也要變成動詞的-ing形式，bowing11. Iam nowmakingamarketsurveyin detail.The_(assess)reportwill besent toyoulater.【答案】assessment【解析】我正在做一個詳細(xì)的市場調(diào)查，稍后會提供評估報告給您。評估報告，an assessment report12. Im sorry_

14、(occupy)yourtime,butIreallywant totalk withyouaboutthepetproblemnowadays.【答案】to occupy【解析】抱歉占用你的時間了，但我真的很想跟你談?wù)劕F(xiàn)在的寵物問題。13. Hedidntevenbother_(inform) me thathewas coming.【答案】to inform【解析】他甚至都沒通知我他要來。費心/費力/不怕麻煩做某事，bother to do.，to inform14. Hestoodatthe window,_(stare)out of the window.【答案】staring【解析】

15、他站在窗旁，盯著窗戶外面。動詞-ing形式做方式狀語，staring15. Peopletend_(think) thattheproblemwill neveraffectthem.【答案】to think【解析】人們往往認(rèn)為這個問題絕不會影響到他們。往往會./傾向于做某事/易于做某事，tend to do16. Youdbetter_(low)yourstandardsif you want tofindsomewherecheaptolive.【答案】lower【解析】要想找個便宜的地方住，你最好降低標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。had better+動詞原形，此處需要把low變成動詞，lower17. Our

16、 road safety record_(comparison) favorably with that of other countries.【答案】compares【解析】我們的道路安全紀(jì)錄比其他國家的好。此處需要一個動詞，與.相比，compare.with.,一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)，compares18. Research suggests that babies learn to see by_(distinguish) between areas of light and dark.【答案】distinguishing【解析】研究顯示嬰兒是通過區(qū)分明亮區(qū)域和黑暗區(qū)域來學(xué)會觀看的。介詞by后的動

17、詞需要變成動詞的-ing形式，distinguishing19. They are waiting_(anxious) to see who will succeed him.【答案】anxiously【解析】他們在焦慮不安地等著看誰將接替他。副詞修飾動詞，anxiously20. Its_(appropriate)to judgeapersonfromhisappearance.【答案】inappropriate【解析】根據(jù)一個人的外表來對他做出判斷是不合適的。根據(jù)句義，此空為“不恰當(dāng)?shù)摹敝?，把appropriate 變成反義詞，inappropriate第三部分：課文回顧，用所給的單詞短

18、語翻譯句子，每題3分，共計30分。1. 在餐桌上，滿嘴食物與人交談通常會被視為無禮。（consider, with.full）【答案】Its usually considered rude to talk to other people at the dinner table with your mouth full.【解析】做某事重要/容易/被視作無禮.，要用it作形式主語，動詞不定式為真正的主語，后置；with+名詞+形容詞，作方式狀語，表示伴隨的狀態(tài)，with your mouth full滿嘴食物2. 在法國，看到同一個手勢的人可能會將它解讀為“零”。（encounter, inter

19、pret.as.）【答案】In France, a person encountering an identical gesture may interpret it as meaning “zero”.【解析】“看到同一個手勢的人”，定語后置，可以用動詞的-ing形式，也可以用定語從句，a person encountering/who encounters an identical gesture；把.解讀為.，interpret.as.,as為介詞，作為，后面的動詞要用-ing形式，as meaning zero3. 沒有提供要求的個人信息，你將被視為棄考。（without, give

20、up on.）【答案】Without providing the required personal information, you will be considered as having given up on the test.【解析】介詞without后的動詞為-ing形式，要求的信息，為被要求的信息，動詞的過去分詞表示被動作定語，可以前置，the required personal information；放棄考試，give up on the test4. 最終他們贏了這場比賽，向所有球迷表明了他們是一支實力強大的球隊。（ultimately, demonstrate）【答案】U

21、ltimately, they won the match, demonstrating to their fans that they are a powerful team.【解析】向所有球迷證明了.是贏得比賽的結(jié)果，所以“demonstrate”要用-ing形式，表示結(jié)果，他們是一支強大的球隊，為賓語從句。5. 與大城市相比，這些地方現(xiàn)代化程度較低但是更天然。（in comparison with.）【答案】In comparison with big cities, these places are less modern but more natural.【解析】注意“與.相比”，i

22、n comparison with.6. 我們準(zhǔn)時抵達(dá)機場，結(jié)果卻被告知我們的航班取消了。(inform, cancel)【答案】We arrived at the airport on time only to be informed that our flight had been canceled.【解析】動詞不定式表示意外的結(jié)果，to be informed that.卻被告知.我們的航班已經(jīng)取消了，過去完成時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)。7. 曾經(jīng)花費一個世紀(jì)時間的事情現(xiàn)在只花費10分鐘。(what, take)【答案】What used to take a century now takes on

23、ly 10 minutes.【解析】表示“.的事情”為what, what used to take a century曾經(jīng)花費一個世紀(jì)的事情。8. 當(dāng)兩車相撞時，通常是被動被撞的車輛受損更嚴(yán)重。(run into, it is.that)【答案】When two cars run into each other, it is the passively crashed car that suffers more damage.【解析】強調(diào)句的使用，it is.that.“被動被撞的車輛”動詞的過去分詞表示被動，此處為前置，passively crashed car9. 重要的事情是用在你所在

24、的文化中是恰當(dāng)?shù)囊环N方式使用身體語言。（crucial, appropriate to.）【答案】The crucial thing is using body language in a way that is appropriate to the culture you are in.【解析】動詞的-ing形式做作表語，“在你所在的文化中是恰當(dāng)?shù)囊环N方式”in a way后接定語從句，that is appropriate，對.是恰當(dāng)?shù)?，appropriate to the culture 后再次接定語從句，that you are in10. 傳統(tǒng)上在中國，當(dāng)我們向某人打招呼時，我們把左手放在右手上并微微彎腰。（greet, put.over, slightly）【答案】Traditionally in China,