電機(jī)使用說明書（YX3、YET、Y2、YVP、YD系列）

1、電機(jī)使用說明書operatingmanual概述本說明書適用于我公司生產(chǎn)的yx3、yet、y2、yvp、yd系列低壓三相異步電動機(jī)及其派生系列產(chǎn)品overviewthemanualservesyx3、yet、y2、yvp、ydserieslowvoltageasynchronousmotorsanditsderivativeproductsaswell.開始使用puttingintouse(starting)收貨檢查receptioncheck收到電機(jī)后立即檢查是否有損壞，如發(fā)現(xiàn)請立即撥打電話：0086-21-6463-1777，或發(fā)傳真至0086-21-6463-7180，檢查銘牌數(shù)據(jù)特別是

2、額定電壓、接線方式（星形或三角形）是否與合同訂貨要求相符，用手轉(zhuǎn)動電機(jī)軸檢查軸轉(zhuǎn)動是否靈活。immediatelycheckthemotorforexternaldamageuponreceiptandiffound,pleaseinformusbytelephoneorfaxwithoutdelay(tel:0086-21-6463-1777,fax:0086-21-6463-7180).checkallratingplatedata,especiallyvoltageandwindingconnection(starordelta).turnshaftbyhandtocheckforfre

3、erotation.絕緣電阻檢查insulationresistancecheck在電機(jī)調(diào)試前或懷疑線圈受潮時要測量電機(jī)的絕緣電阻，在25時的絕緣電阻值應(yīng)超過以下表達(dá)式的值，表達(dá)式中：measurethemotorsinsulationresistancebeforecommissioningorwhenwindingdampnessissuspected.insulationresistance,measuredat25c,shallexceedthefollowingreferencevalue,i.e.where：100p1000+r=ur：單位兆歐（用500v絕緣電阻表測量）u表示電壓

4、，單位vp表示功率，單位kwr:m(measuredwith500vdcmegger)u=voltage,volts;p=outputpower,kw.警告：測量完絕緣電阻后應(yīng)立即將測量線從電機(jī)上斷開，以免線圈再次受到高電壓沖擊。環(huán)境溫度每升高20，絕緣電阻將降低一半，如果絕緣電阻值達(dá)不到計算值，表明線圈已經(jīng)受潮需進(jìn)行烘干處理。先在90溫度下烘12-16小時再在105下烘6-8小時。warningwindingsshouldbedischargedimmediatelyaftermeasurementtoavoidriskforelectricshock.insulationresistanc

5、ereferencevalueishalvedforeach20criseinambienttemperature.ifthereferenceresistancevalueisnotattained,thewindingistoodampandmustbeovendried.oventemperatureshouldbe90cfor12-16hoursfollowedby105cfor6-8hours.電機(jī)啟動motorstarting單速電機(jī)啟動（直接或y/啟動）標(biāo)準(zhǔn)單速三相異步電動機(jī)的出線盒內(nèi)有6個接線頭和至少1個接地接頭，接地須根據(jù)操作規(guī)程在電機(jī)接上電源前進(jìn)行，接線方式和電壓應(yīng)根據(jù)接線

6、指示牌及銘牌指示。startofsinglespeedmotor(direct-on-lineorstar/deltastarting)theterminalboxonstandardsinglespeedmotorsnormallycontains6windingterminalsandatleastoneearthterminal.earthingshallbecarriedoutaccordingtolocalregulationsbeforethemachineisconnectedtothepowersupply.thevoltageandconnectionarestampedon

7、thenameplate.出線與旋轉(zhuǎn)方向電機(jī)的旋轉(zhuǎn)方向：當(dāng)相序?yàn)閘1、l2、l3時，在電機(jī)拖動端面對軸伸視為順時針旋轉(zhuǎn)。如要改變轉(zhuǎn)向，只需改變?nèi)我鈨筛娫措娎|的相序，如果單向旋轉(zhuǎn)的電機(jī)，需檢查電機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)向是否與指示牌上的方向一致。（接線應(yīng)嚴(yán)格按照接線盒中示意圖）terminalsanddirectionofrotationdirectionofrotationisclockwisewhenviewingtheshaftfaceatthemotordriveend,whenthelinephasesequencel1,l2,l3isconnectedtotheterminalsasshowninth

8、efigure.toalterthedirectionofrotation,interchangetheconnectionofanytwo-linecables.fortheunidirectionalmotor,checkthatthedirectionofrotationisaccordingtothearrowmarkedonthedirectionboard.（theterminalsshallbeconnectedinstrictaccordancewiththeterminalboxdrawing.）多速電機(jī)啟動多速電機(jī)一般應(yīng)低速檔啟動后切換到高速，對多套繞組的變速電機(jī)在不同轉(zhuǎn)速

9、檔切換時，應(yīng)在一繞組斷電后才能向另一繞組送電。start-upofmulti-speedmotorthemultispeedmotorshouldstartatlow-speedthenshiftedtohigh-speed.formultispeedmotorsthatwithmanyseparatewindingsthespeedshiftshallbefulfilledwhenonewindinghastobelostpower.示意圖1:定速電機(jī)（/y）fig1:fixedmotor（/y）應(yīng)為u1v1w1u2v2w2示意圖2：單繞組雙速（/yy）fig2:single-winding

10、doublespeed示意圖3:單繞組雙速（y/yy）fig3:single-windingdoublespeed示意圖4：雙繞組雙速（y/y）fig4:double-windingdoublespeed變頻電機(jī)啟動變頻電機(jī)啟動時，電機(jī)冷卻風(fēng)機(jī)也必須同時啟動。冷卻風(fēng)機(jī)應(yīng)接工頻電源，其轉(zhuǎn)向必須與風(fēng)機(jī)外殼上的指示矢方向一致.vvvf變頻器可以轉(zhuǎn)矩提升以提高啟動轉(zhuǎn)矩，提升電壓的幅度應(yīng)不大于10%，且起動電流不大于額定電流的1.5倍。變頻器的開關(guān)頻率設(shè)置應(yīng)不小于1.5khz。start-upofvariablefrequencymotorwhenthevariablefrequencymotorsta

11、rts,thecoolingblowershallstartssimultaneously.thecoolingblowermustbeconnectedtothepowerfrequencysupply,andtherotatingdirectionshallbeasspecifiedinthenameplateofblower.adjustthevalueofv/f,themotorcanobtaindifferentstartperformance,butifovercompensateofvoltagewillcauseoverload.使用運(yùn)行條件電機(jī)是用來驅(qū)動其他機(jī)械，通常環(huán)境溫度

12、為-25c到+40c，海拔高度為1000米以下。（當(dāng)環(huán)境溫度與海拔高度不符合上述規(guī)定時，銘牌上會注明）useoperatingconditionsthemotorsareintendedforuseinindustrialdriveapplications.normalambienttemperaturelimits-25cto+40c.maximumaltitude1000mabovesealevel.whenambienttemperatureandaltitudearenotsameastherequirementsaidabove,thespecialnotewillbeshowedo

13、nthenameplate.處理儲存所有電機(jī)應(yīng)儲存于干燥,通風(fēng)以及干凈的室內(nèi)，裸露的表面如軸伸和法蘭面應(yīng)涂以防銹脂。建議定期用手轉(zhuǎn)動電機(jī)軸，以免潤滑脂流掉，帶有加熱器的應(yīng)接通加熱器。handlingstorageallmotorsshouldbestoredindoors,indry,wellventilationanddustfreeconditions.unprotectedmachinedsurfaces(shaft-endsandflanges)shouldbegivenanti-corrosioncoatings.itisrecommendedthatshaftsberotatedp

14、eriodicallybyhandtopreventgreasemigration.anticondensationheaters,iffitted,shouldpreferablybeenergized.3.4儲存超過一年的，須檢查潤滑脂，如潤滑脂已變質(zhì)干涸或弄臟，應(yīng)先用煤油清洗，然后用汽油清洗軸承后再加入新的潤滑脂。每個軸承應(yīng)加新脂的重量w可參考如下公式：w=db/k（g）式中：d為軸承外徑（mm），b為軸承寬度（mm）系數(shù)k=100200按工作狀況選取。（工作狀況惡劣應(yīng)取較大值）。一般情況，2極電機(jī)加潤滑脂量為軸承室空腔容積的1/2，4極以上為軸承室的2/3。3.4storageover

15、oneyear:thecheckshouldbemadeforgrease,ifitisdriedordirty,itshouldbewashedbykerosenefirst,thengasoline,thenputnewgreaseonbearings.theweightofthegreaseaddedcanbesetbythefollowingformula:w=db/k（g）d:odofthebearing（mm）,b:widthofthebearing（mm）k:100-200basedonworkconditions.ingeneral,thegreaseshouldbefille

16、dinto1/2ofbearingroomfor2polesmotor,and2/3for4polesandabove.安裝基礎(chǔ)買方要準(zhǔn)備好電機(jī)的基礎(chǔ)，金屬結(jié)構(gòu)的基礎(chǔ)應(yīng)涂以防銹漆防止被腐蝕。電機(jī)基礎(chǔ)應(yīng)平整，并有足夠的剛度承受突然短路產(chǎn)生的應(yīng)力，要計算其尺寸以避免因共振引起基礎(chǔ)振動。installationfoundationthepurchaserbearsfullresponsibilityforpreparationofthefoundation.metalfoundationsshouldbepaintedtoavoidcorrosion.foundationsshallbeeven,a

17、ndsufficientlyrigidtowithstandpossibleshortcircuitforces.theyshallbedimensionedastoavoidtheoccurrenceofvibrationduetoresonance.聯(lián)接電動機(jī)可以用聯(lián)軸器、正齒輪及皮帶輪傳動，對于功率大轉(zhuǎn)速較高的電動機(jī)應(yīng)盡量避免采用皮帶傳動方式，如必須采用皮帶傳動方式的應(yīng)在訂貨時注明，皮帶傳動時應(yīng)防止預(yù)拉力過大發(fā)生斷軸。聯(lián)軸器、正齒輪及皮帶輪安裝時應(yīng)采用熱套方法，嚴(yán)禁重力敲擊方法冷裝傳動件。校正中心校正電機(jī)安裝中心有利于避免軸承發(fā)生故障、振動和可能發(fā)生的軸伸斷裂事故。采用聯(lián)軸器傳動時，通常

18、兩聯(lián)軸器的水平偏差不大于0.050.1mm，軸向偏差不大于0.1mm。采用皮帶傳動時，要求皮帶輪軸向中心與電機(jī)軸伸的軸向中心重合，且皮帶中心線與軸中心線垂直。alignmentcorrectalignmentisessentialtoavoidbearingfailures,vibrationsandpossiblefracturedshaftextensions.接線通常出線盒在電機(jī)的頂部，還有其他位置可供樣本選擇（在電機(jī)拖動端面對軸伸視）。除了繞組和接地，出線盒還可以接停機(jī)加熱器、雙金屬溫度開關(guān)或pt100測溫元件等。connectionthenormalmotordesigniswith

19、terminalboxonthetop,whenviewingtheshaftatthemotordriveend.availabilityofthesesolutionsisdescribedintheproductcatalogues.besidesthemainwindingandearthingterminals，theterminalboxcanalsocontainconnectionsforstandstillheatingelements,bimetallicswitches,orpt100resistanceelements.裝配與拆卸概述裝配與拆卸工作必須有資格的專業(yè)人員使

20、用專用工具和合適的工作方法來進(jìn)行。并參考電機(jī)總裝標(biāo)準(zhǔn)圖。assemblyanddismantlinggeneraldismantlingandassemblyofmotorsmustbecarriedoutbyqualifiedpersonnelusingonlysuitabletoolsandworkingmethodsandrefertothemotorassemblystandarddrawings.軸承拆卸軸承時必須特別注意，應(yīng)該使用軸承拉腳并加熱或使用專用工具。bearingsspecialcareshallbetakenwiththebearings.bearingsshallbe

21、removedusingpullersandfittedbyheatingortheuseofspecializedtoolsforthepurpose.平衡電機(jī)出廠前已經(jīng)進(jìn)行了轉(zhuǎn)子動平衡balancingtherotorofthemotorisdynamicallybalanced.維護(hù)與更換潤滑油一般檢查-在計劃停機(jī)時檢查-保持電機(jī)清潔，確保良好通風(fēng)-檢查軸承密封狀態(tài)，如有必要即進(jìn)行更換。-檢查各連接、地腳及裝配螺栓。-通過聽聲音、測量振動、軸承溫度以及檢查潤滑油是否過期來檢測軸承的狀態(tài)。maintenanceandlubricationgeneralinspection-inspectt

22、hemachineatregularintervals.-keepthemachinecleanandensurefreeventilationair-flow.-checktheconditionofshaftsealsandreplaceifnecessary.-checktheconditionofconnectionsandmountingandassemblybolts.-checkthebearingconditionbylisteningforunusualnoise,vibrationmeasurement,bearingtemperature,inspectionofspen

23、tgrease.更換潤滑油裝有密封軸承的電機(jī)中心高在160mm以下的電機(jī)裝有密封軸承，裝有密封軸承的電機(jī)在運(yùn)行期間不必加油。lubricationmotorswithsealedbearingsmotorswhichthecenterheightislessthan160mmarenormallyfittedwithsealedbearings.itdoesntneedregreasedduringoperation帶加油口的電機(jī)中心高180355的電機(jī)軸承通常配有加油口，可以在電機(jī)運(yùn)行時加潤滑脂。一般勤加脂，每次加少量。motorsfittedwithgreasenipplesmotorsw

24、ithcenterheightfrom180to355mmisnormallyfittedwithgreasenipples.lubricateitbygreasefrequentlywhilerunning,butoncealittle.更換潤滑脂時間間隔如下：guidelinesforre-greasingintervalsareasbelow:電機(jī)中心高mm補(bǔ)充潤滑脂量（克g）電機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)速r/min300015001000500-900軸承補(bǔ)充潤滑脂時間間隔180203500550065008500200,225253100500060007000250,280352000500060007

25、000315502000300035004500355601000200030004000centerlineheightmmamountofgrease(g)speedr/min300015001000500-900bearingslubricationintervalsindutyhours180203500550065008500200,225253100500060007000250,280352000500060007000315502000300035004500355601000200030004000表格中的數(shù)據(jù)適合于臥式安裝的電機(jī)，對于立式安裝的電機(jī)，其時間間隔為相應(yīng)表格中的

26、一半，如果按照上述時間間隔加油，加油量可以參照表格內(nèi)的數(shù)據(jù)。如果電機(jī)裝有放油孔，更換潤滑油時要等到原來的油全部被擠出后才算完成。對于使用于較高環(huán)境溫度及軸承溫度達(dá)80以上，則應(yīng)相應(yīng)縮短加油時間。thetableispreparedforhorizontallymountedmotors.lubricationintervalsforverticalmotorsarehalfoftheabovevalues.thegreaseamountinthetableisusedifaccordingtotheregularintervalsasabove.asanalternative,whenthem

27、achineisfittedwithgreaseescapevalves,freshgreasemaybepressedintothebearingsuntiltheoldgreaseistotallyreplaced.themotor,whichisrunningunderhighambienttemperatureorthebearingtemperatureismorethan80c,shouldshortenthere-greasingintervalscorrespondingly.故障分析及處理troubleshooting電氣故障見表1。normalelectricalfailu

28、re,seetable1.表1table1acannotbestartedbhardtoacceleratecabnormalnoise(buzz)whenstartingdabnormalnoise(buzz)whenrunningedoublefrequencyslipbuzznoisefoverheatwithoutloadinggoverheatwithloadinghoverheatforindividualwindinga電機(jī)起動失靈b電機(jī)加速困難c起動時發(fā)嗡嗡聲d運(yùn)行中發(fā)嗡嗡聲e雙倍頻轉(zhuǎn)差嗡嗡聲f無載運(yùn)行時溫度過高g有載繞組運(yùn)行時溫度過高h(yuǎn)個別繞組截面過熱可能出現(xiàn)的原因possi

29、blecause處理方法treatment過載overload降低負(fù)載reduceload一相電源斷路opencircuitofonephase檢查配電設(shè)備和饋電電路checkpowersupplycircuitandcontrollerswitchingequipment.接通后一相電源開路opencircuitofonephaseafterpoweron改善供電系統(tǒng)條件correctthepowersupplysystem(單元格問題)電源網(wǎng)電壓低，或頻率高networkvoltagetoolow,orfrequencytoohigh電源網(wǎng)電壓高，或頻率低networkvoltagetoo

30、high,orfrequencytoolow定子繞組聯(lián)接錯誤statorwindingwrongconnection改正繞組的聯(lián)接correcttheconnectionofwinding定子繞組匝間或相間短路statorwindinginterturnorphaseshortcircuit檢查繞組的絕緣電阻，詢問制造公司后修理checkwindingsinsulationresistanceandrepairafterinquiringaboutthemanufacturer鼠籠導(dǎo)條細(xì)條、斷條thincageconductingbarbroken詢問制造公司后修理repairafterinq

31、uiringaboutthemanufacturer變頻電源諧波所致causedbyharmonicofinverterpowersupply詢問變頻器廠商inquiringtheinvertermanufacturer機(jī)械故障見表2。normalmechanicaltroubles,seetable2.表2table2africtionalnoiseboverheatcoverrunoutinradiusdoverrunoutinaxis機(jī)械故障mechanicalfailure故障產(chǎn)生的原因possiblecause處理的方法treatmenta摩擦噪聲b溫度過高c徑向跳動d軸向跳動風(fēng)路受

32、阻，旋轉(zhuǎn)方向不對poorventilation,orwrongrotation檢查風(fēng)道，調(diào)換轉(zhuǎn)向checkventilationductandcorrectit轉(zhuǎn)動零件受到磨擦movingpartswornout查明原因，重新找正checkandcorrectit轉(zhuǎn)子不平衡rotorimbalance卸下轉(zhuǎn)子，重新找正disassemblytherotorandcorrectit耦合機(jī)械不平衡couplerimbalance重新平衡耦合機(jī)械correctit轉(zhuǎn)子部分不正，軸彎曲rotorproblem,orbending和制造廠研究決定callfactory裝配和調(diào)整不當(dāng)incorrectas

33、semblyandadjustment查明原因，重新校正電機(jī)，檢查耦合件checkandrecalibratemotor,andcheckcoupler傳動機(jī)構(gòu)的干擾interferenceofdrivemechanism檢查傳動機(jī)構(gòu)checkandcorrectit地基振動foundationvibration加固基礎(chǔ)reinforcefoundation.地基變形foundationdistortion查清原因，重新調(diào)整電機(jī)findoutthereasonandreadjustmotor來自耦合機(jī)械的沖擊impactfromcoupledmechanical檢查耦合機(jī)械checkcoupledmechanical過載overload減低負(fù)載reduceload軸承故障見表3normalbearingtr