比較狀語從句

1、2021/3/131Degrees of Comparison 比較狀語從句2021/3/132比較狀語從句是表示比較、比例、類比等的句子。其主要句子結(jié)構(gòu)如下: 2021/3/133a. 主語 + 謂語 + as + 形容詞 / 副詞 + as + 被比對(duì)象 2021/3/134這個(gè)句型叫等比句結(jié)構(gòu),表示兩個(gè)人和事物在性質(zhì)、特征等方面相似或相等,即相等的比較。 被比對(duì)象可能是從句中的主語,也可能是賓語或其他成分。兩個(gè)as,作用不同,前一個(gè)as是副詞,在主句中說明所比較內(nèi)容的程度,后一個(gè)as是連詞,含有“比”、“如同”的意思,它所引導(dǎo)的從句通常是省略形式。 2021/3/135Physics i

2、s as important as mathematics (is).You seem to know music as well as you know astronomy.天文學(xué) Take as much as you want.Is it as difficult as they say it is?We have accomplished 達(dá)到（目的)as much in the past three years as would have taken ten years in the past. 2021/3/136表示兩個(gè)人或事物在性質(zhì)、特征等方面的不相似或不相同時(shí), 就用“主語

3、+ 謂語 + not so / as +形容詞 / 副詞 + (名詞) + as + 被比對(duì)象”這個(gè)句型。 2021/3/137You are not so old as you look.There was no garden so lovely as his in this city.It isnt as cold as it was yesterday.No person is either so happy or so unhappy as he imagines.Finally he has made as much money as he wanted.2021/3/138有時(shí)as

4、好象是從句的主語,其實(shí)是從句的主語省略了。2021/3/139There were not so many tickets available as were asked for.You seemed to understand human nature as well as do science.2021/3/1310比較句的肯定形式還有the same as, such as;否定形式還有not the same as, not such as。 2021/3/1311Your name is the same as your fathers.Her dress was the same

5、color as mine.Your watch is not the same as his.I never met such a man as your younger brother.2021/3/1312b. 主語 + 謂語 + 形容詞 / 副詞比較級(jí) + than + 被比對(duì)象2021/3/1313在這種結(jié)構(gòu)中,than是個(gè)連詞,引導(dǎo)比較狀語從句,如果被比較的對(duì)象為名詞或代詞,一般采用省略形式,省去與主句中相同的部分。 2021/3/1314This river is longer than that one.He is younger than she.Lesson One is

6、more interesting than Lesson Two.She studies more diligently 勤奮地than her classmates.2021/3/1315He drives faster and more dangerously than you.This test is less simple than I expected it to be.Light does not travel at the same speed through all materials物質(zhì); it goes slower through some than through ot

7、hers. 2021/3/1316有時(shí),連詞than后直接跟從句的謂語,這時(shí)我們可以把它看成是省略了某些詞語。 2021/3/1317在這種結(jié)構(gòu)中,有時(shí)比較對(duì)象需要根據(jù)上下文內(nèi)容進(jìn)行判斷;有時(shí)對(duì)象含蓄在主句中,這時(shí)后面往往是一個(gè)表示時(shí)間或條件的修飾語。 2021/3/1318There were more casualties 受害者than was reported. (= than it was reported there were)She played the piano much better than could have been expected.2021/3/1319Taki

8、ng this medicine helps to relieve緩解 his headache, and makes him less ill- tempered脾氣暴躁than before.2021/3/1320than引導(dǎo)的從句有時(shí)可放句首。Than he no one could show a friendlier attitude 態(tài)度to you.2021/3/1321在一定上下文中,從句還可以省略。You ought to come here earlier.2021/3/1322c. 主語 + 謂語 + 形容詞 / 副詞最高級(jí) +（名詞）+ 范圍2021/3/1323在這個(gè)句

9、子結(jié)構(gòu)中,形容詞最高級(jí)的前面要加定冠詞the。副詞最高級(jí)的前面可加the可不加。形容詞最高級(jí)后面可跟名詞,而副詞后面卻不能跟名詞,它只能修飾動(dòng)詞。比較范圍一般是短語或從句。 2021/3/1324This coat is the most expensive that Ive ever bought.She is the most active girl in our class.He worked hardest in the workshop.She bought the least expensive towels that she could find. 2021/3/1325最高級(jí)還

10、可以用下列結(jié)構(gòu)表示:2021/3/1326 否定詞語 + 比較級(jí)I have never seen a taller building.No other book has had a greater influence on my life.2021/3/1327 否定詞語 + so + 形容詞 / 副詞 + as + 比較對(duì)象There is nothing I like so much as traveling abroad.He has never been so happy as he is today.2021/3/1328more than any otherShe is more

11、 beautiful than any other girl in the school.This teacher explained 解釋the problem more clearly than any other teacher.2021/3/1329as as anyHe runs as fast as any other student in the class.This river is as long as any other in the world.2021/3/1330d. the + 比較級(jí),the + 比較級(jí)2021/3/1331這是表示比例的句型,意思是“越,就越”。

12、后面跟的是形容詞或副詞的比較級(jí)。通常,前面為條件從句,后面為結(jié)果主句。 2021/3/1332The more tickets you sell, the more money you will get.The smaller the computer is, the faster it can work.The more he thought, the angrier he grew.2021/3/1333有時(shí)主句在前,從句在后:An object draws the harder, the more matter it contains. (物體含有的物質(zhì)越多,它的引力就越大。)Other

13、s will suspect懷疑 us the more, the more we suspect them.別人懷疑我們?cè)蕉辔覀儜岩伤麄円苍蕉?021/3/1334這種句型常用省略句。The more, the better.The sooner, the worse.The smaller the mind, the greater the conceit.2021/3/1335主句的主謂有時(shí)半倒裝,以保持句子的平衡。The more you read, the better will you write.The smaller the particles(分子) are, the mor

14、e freely do they move.2021/3/1336e. 類比句,表示兩類事物的相同或相似關(guān)系,通常用連詞或引導(dǎo)從句。其主要句型結(jié)構(gòu)有:2021/3/13371.A is to B what/as C is to D.Reading is to the mind what exercise is to the body.讀書對(duì)于思想,好比運(yùn)動(dòng)對(duì)于身體一樣.Manure is to crops as food is to man.肥料對(duì)于莊稼正如食物對(duì)于人們那樣重要。2021/3/13382.A does for B what C does for D.Leaves do for plants what lungs do for animals.葉子對(duì)植物的作用猶如肺對(duì)動(dòng)物的作用。2021/3/1339 3.A is that to B which