高考英語語法虛擬語氣考點(diǎn)匯總

1、12語氣語氣:陳述語氣陳述語氣(the Indicative Mood): 用來陳述一個(gè)事實(shí)，或提出一個(gè)看法；用來陳述一個(gè)事實(shí)，或提出一個(gè)看法； 用于肯定句用于肯定句,否定句否定句,疑問句和感嘆句疑問句和感嘆句祈使語氣祈使語氣(the Imperative Mood): 用來表示請求、命令等；用于祈使句用來表示請求、命令等；用于祈使句Keep quiet in the reading room.虛擬語氣虛擬語氣(the Subjunctive Mood):表示說話人所說的表示說話人所說的不是事實(shí)不是事實(shí)，而是一種，而是一種假設(shè)假設(shè)、愿愿望望、懷疑或推測。、懷疑或推測。 用于條件從句用于條件從句

2、,讓步從句和名詞性從句讓步從句和名詞性從句31 if 虛擬條件句：虛擬條件句：1. 一般用法：一般用法：(特點(diǎn)特點(diǎn)-時(shí)態(tài)往過去推時(shí)態(tài)往過去推) 1) 現(xiàn)在情況的虛擬現(xiàn)在情況的虛擬 If I were a bird, I would fly in the sky. If I had magic power, I would get whatever I want. if 從句從句 主句主句were/did would (should/could/might) + do4注意：注意： 主句主句中的中的should通常用于通常用于第一人第一人稱，稱，would可用于可用于任何人稱任何人稱，同時(shí)也可以

3、根，同時(shí)也可以根據(jù)意思用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞據(jù)意思用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞could, might等代替等代替should, would。5如果我有更多的朋友，我會(huì)更高興。如果我有更多的朋友，我會(huì)更高興。If I had more friends, I would be happier.如果沒有空氣，人就會(huì)死。如果沒有空氣，人就會(huì)死。If there were no air, people would die.62). 過去情況的虛擬過去情況的虛擬 If you had been there last night, nothing would have happened. If I had got up earlier

4、 this morning, I would have caught the early bus. if 從句從句 主句主句had donewould (should/could/ might) + have done73). 將來情況的虛擬將來情況的虛擬 If I were to go abroad, I would set up a restaurant. If I should go abroad, I would set up a restaurant. If I went abroad, I would set up a restaurant. if 從句從句 主句主句were to

5、 do/should do/didwould (should/could/ might) + do82. 錯(cuò)綜虛擬錯(cuò)綜虛擬1) If he had set out earlier, he would be home now.2) If you _(take) my advice yesterday, you _(feel) much better now. had takenwould feel3) If she hadnt trained hard, she _ be able to run so fast now. (not)4) If he had listened to me, he

6、_ be in such trouble now. (not) wouldnt wouldnt(從句與主句所表時(shí)間不一致從句與主句所表時(shí)間不一致) 9Translate: It is hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I hadnt fallen in love, at the age of 17, with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown.103. 虛擬條件句中的倒裝虛擬條件句中的倒裝 if 引導(dǎo)虛擬條件句時(shí)，可以把引導(dǎo)虛擬條件句時(shí)，可以把if 省略，而省略，而把把were

7、, had 或或 should等詞提到等詞提到句首句首，構(gòu)成，構(gòu)成倒裝句。如倒裝句。如: If I were a bird, I would fly in the sky. =Were I a bird, I would fly in the sky. If I had got up earlier this morning, I would have caught the early bus. =Had I got up earlier this morning, I would have caught the early bus.11 If I were to go abroad, I w

8、ould set up a restaurant.= Were I to go abroad, I would set up a restaurant. If I should go abroad, I would set up a restaurant. = Should I go abroad, I would set up a restaurant.124. 含蓄條件句含蓄條件句: 用用 without, but for(要不是要不是), otherwise(否否則則) 或或上下文語境上下文語境等來代替條件從句。等來代替條件從句。 We might have failed without

9、 your help. = We might have failed if you had not helped us. But for the fog, we would have arrived earlier.= If it had not been for the fog, we would have arrived earlier.13I was busy, otherwise, I would have gone with you.= If I had not been busy, I would have gone with you . I would have called y

10、ou, but I forgot your telephone number. = I would have called you if I had known your telephone number. But I forgot it.14時(shí)間時(shí)間if虛擬條件句虛擬條件句主句主句過去過去現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在將來將來 had donewould/should/could /might +have done did/were were to do/ should do/didwould/should/could /might +dowould/should/could /might + do鞏固練習(xí)鞏固練

11、習(xí) 1.152.What would have happened, _ as far as the river bank? A. Bob had walked farther B. if Bob should walk farther C. had Bob walked farther D. if Bob walked fartherC163. If you _ him yesterday, you _ what to do now. A. asked would know B. had asked would have known C. asked him know D. had asked

12、 would knowD174._(要不是要不是) your help, we couldnt have finished the job before the deadline5. Linda _(give) up halfway. Otherwise, she would have achieved her goal.But forgave18二二. wish, if only 1. sb. wish that1) 現(xiàn)在：現(xiàn)在：+ sb. did/were2) 過去：過去：+ sb. had done3) 將來：將來：+ sb. would/could do19現(xiàn)在：現(xiàn)在： I wish

13、that everybody were kind-hearted. 過去：過去： I wish you had not told me the news. I wish I had never been born. 苔絲苔絲 I wish I had used my credit card more sensibly. 20將來將來 I wish I would be a famous teacher. I wish I could live a more comfortable life.212. if only: 要是要是就好了就好了 Look at the trouble I am in

14、! If only I had taken your advice.1) If only I _ (go) home now.2) If only I _(go) to bed earlier last night. 3) If only the final-term exam _ (將將) be cancelled.went had gonewould22三三. would ratherI would rather you _ (pay) me now. Id rather you _ (do) some housework when you were free. Dont come now

15、. I would rather you _ (come) tomorrow. would rather sb. did (現(xiàn)在，將來現(xiàn)在，將來) sb. had done (過去過去) paid had done came234 as if 似乎，好像似乎，好像He speaks English so well as if he were an Englishman.He looks so pale as if he had seen a monster. as if: 現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在(主從句動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生主從句動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生) did/were 過去過去(從句動(dòng)作在主句之前發(fā)生從句動(dòng)作在主句之前發(fā)生

16、) had done 24 1) The master uses the slave as if he _ (be) an animal, a thing, not a person. 2) She stares at her husband as if he _ (be) a stranger. 3) He talks as if he _ (do)the work all by himself, but in fact Tom and I did most of it. werewerehad done25五五. suggest/ advise/ order/ request/ deman

17、d/ require/recommend that sb. (should) do 賓語從句賓語從句 It is suggested/ ordered/ required that sb. (should) do 主語從句主語從句 We suggested that he _(do) the job. His pale face suggested that he _ (be) ill.(should) dowas表明，暗示表明，暗示26insist: (1)堅(jiān)持說，堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為（陳述語氣）堅(jiān)持說，堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為（陳述語氣） (2)堅(jiān)持要求，一定要（虛擬語氣）堅(jiān)持要求，一定要（虛擬語氣）e.g. He

18、insisted that he heard somebody in the house. He insisted that I was wrong and (should) apologize to him.The young man insisted that he _ (do) nothing wrong and _ (set) free.did(should) be set27 He gave the order that the work (should) be done at once. 同位語從句同位語從句 My suggestion/order/proposal/demand is that we (should) put off the meeting. 表語從句表語從句28六六. It is necessary/ important/ nat