中考復(fù)習(xí)-定語從句課件

1、 Match the two sentences1.Im reading a book. The book is about Bill Gates. _2.He is a teacher. The teacher teaches us Chinese._ 3.I dont like the man. He is smoking._4.Where is the picture? You bought it last week._ Im reading a book which/that is about Bill Gates.He is a teacher who/ that teaches u

2、s Chinese.I dont like the man who/that is smoking.Where is the picture which / that you bought last week?什么是定語從句呢？什么是定語從句呢？結(jié)構(gòu)：結(jié)構(gòu)： 先行詞先行詞 + 關(guān)系詞關(guān)系詞 + 句子句子 定語從句接在先行詞后定語從句接在先行詞后 The man who lives next to us is a policeman.先行詞先行詞_ 關(guān)系詞關(guān)系詞_ 定語從句定語從句I have an apple.An apple is red.I have an apple which/that

3、 is red.修飾先行詞修飾先行詞 an apple I like some friends. Some friends like sports.I like friends who like sports. 修飾先行詞修飾先行詞 friends 關(guān)系代詞的作用：關(guān)系代詞的作用：a.做連詞，把主句和從句連接起來做連詞，把主句和從句連接起來b.做代詞，代替先行詞做代詞，代替先行詞c.在從句中擔(dān)任句子成分：主語在從句中擔(dān)任句子成分：主語,賓語賓語,定定語語RULES關(guān)系詞關(guān)系詞關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞: that, which, who, whom, whose關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞: when, where

4、, why關(guān)系代詞：關(guān)系代詞：主 語賓語定語人物當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞在從句中作賓語時(shí)當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞在從句中作賓語時(shí), 關(guān)系代詞可以省略。關(guān)系代詞可以省略。 who/thatwhom/who/that/省略省略whose(某人的某人的)which/thatwhich/that/省略省略whose(某物的某物的關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞which , that引導(dǎo)的定語從句引導(dǎo)的定語從句: 如果如果先行詞先行詞是表示物的是表示物的名詞或代詞名詞或代詞，關(guān)系，關(guān)系代詞應(yīng)用代詞應(yīng)用which 、 that (作作主語主語或或賓語賓語)This is a dream.The dream will never come true

5、.This is a dream which/that will never come true.The dog has been found.The dog was lost.The dog which /that was lost has been found.Practice: 1.This is the house. The house is for sale.2. The book is mine .The book is lying on the floor.which / that 作主語作主語. (不能省不能省)（作主語）（作主語）which / that 作賓語作賓語 ： （

6、可省略）可省略）This is the card.Ive just received the card.This is the card which / that Ive just receivedPractice:1.This is the mistake I always make the mistake.2. I still keep the letters She wrote the letters to me.3. I lost the pen My father bought me the pen.( ) （作賓語）（作賓語）關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞who, that, whom,whos

7、e引導(dǎo)的引導(dǎo)的定語從句定語從句: 如果如果先行詞先行詞是表示人的名詞或代詞，是表示人的名詞或代詞，關(guān)系代詞應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞應(yīng)用who, that (作作主語主語,賓語賓語) , whose (作作定語定語) whom (作作賓語賓語)who / that 作主語作主語. (不能省不能省)This is the film star.The film star is very popular in China.This is the film star who is very popular in China. (作主語作主語)1.The boy is called Roy. The boy brok

8、e the window 2. Do you know the man? The man spoke at the meeting yesterday.3. The girl is my cousin. The girl is watering the flowers ./ thatwhom/ who / that 作賓語：作賓語：( 可省略可省略)The man is a famous writer. He described the man just now.The man (whom / who / that/省略省略 ) he described just now is a famou

9、s writer. (作作賓語）賓語）1.The boy is my friend. I m looking for the boy2. The thief has been sent to prison. The police caught the thief last night. The thief whom the police caught last night has been sent to prison.whose 作定語作定語,表示所屬關(guān)系。表示所屬關(guān)系。 The boy is my classmate. The boys father is a policeman.The

10、boy whose father is a policeman is my classmate. The book is mine. The books cover is blue. The book whose cover is blue is mineA child _ parents are dead is called an orphan( 孤兒孤兒).A. who B. whose C. whos D. which注注:關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作主語時(shí)，從句關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作主語時(shí)，從句謂語謂語動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞的人稱和數(shù)要和的人稱和數(shù)要和先行詞先行詞保持保持一致一致。The book tha

11、t _(be)on the box is my favorite The books that _(be) on the box are my favorite. Do you know the girl who_(wear)the red hat？Do you know the girls who _(wear)the red hat？is arewearwears有時(shí)只能用有時(shí)只能用 that , 不用不用 which, 常見的情況有五種：常見的情況有五種：1.當(dāng)先行詞是當(dāng)先行詞是 all, any,much, few, little, none, anything, everything

12、, nothing , everybody,nobody, everyone, no one 或被它們修飾時(shí)?；虮凰鼈冃揎棔r(shí)。 Thats all _I know. Is there anything _I can do for you? He answered few questions _the teacher asked.2. 當(dāng)先行詞被形容詞最高級(jí)或序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí)當(dāng)先行詞被形容詞最高級(jí)或序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí) That is the most interesting book _I have ever read.thatthatthatthatThe first thing _I should d

13、o is to review my lessons.3. 當(dāng)先行詞有當(dāng)先行詞有the very, the only, the same等修等修飾時(shí)。飾時(shí)。Thats the only thing _I can do now.These are the very words _he used.4. 當(dāng)主句以當(dāng)主句以 who 或或 which開頭時(shí)，定語從句的開頭時(shí)，定語從句的關(guān)系詞用關(guān)系詞用 that, 而不用而不用 which 或或 who.Who is the girl _spoke to you just now?Which is the pen _you lost ?thatthatth

14、atthatthat5. 先行詞同時(shí)包括人或物時(shí)，關(guān)系詞用先行詞同時(shí)包括人或物時(shí)，關(guān)系詞用that.The man and his dog _I always meet are standing by the gate.that注意：確定關(guān)系詞時(shí)看準(zhǔn)先行詞。注意：確定關(guān)系詞時(shí)看準(zhǔn)先行詞。eg:1.Have you found the information about famous people_ you can use for the report.2.We all like the story about the teacher_ happened in our school last w

15、eek.3.Ive bocome good friends with several of the students in my school_ I met in the English speech contest last year.whichwhichwhoExercise 1 :用關(guān)系代詞填空用關(guān)系代詞填空1. The boy _ is playing ping-pong is my classmate.2. The e-mail _ I received yesterday was from my sister.3. I hate people _ talk much but do

16、little.4. The car _ my father bought last month is very beautiful.who / thatwhich/ thatwho / thatwhich / that5. The man _ hair is white is his grandfather.6. Is there a student _ father is a business man?7. This is the house in _ we have lived for 10 years.8.Ive never heard of the people and things

17、_ you talked about just now.whosewhosewhich that當(dāng)先行詞同時(shí)指人和物時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞只能用that.Exercise 2. 1. My father and his teacher talked a lot about the persons and things _ they couldnt remember.2. Say all _ you know.3. Is there anything _ I can do for you?thatthatthat當(dāng)先行詞是something, anything, nothing, all 等詞時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞

18、只能用that.4.This is the first play _ I have seen since I came here.5. This is the best novel _ I have read.thatthat當(dāng)先行詞被序數(shù)詞，最高級(jí)序數(shù)詞，最高級(jí)等詞修飾時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞只能用that.6.Who is the girl _is standing under the tree?7. Which is the machine _ we used last Sunday.當(dāng)主句是who或或which 引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問句引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問句，而中心詞指人或物時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞只能用that.that

19、that關(guān)系副詞：關(guān)系副詞：when/ where/why when 作時(shí)間狀語作時(shí)間狀語:She will never forget the day.She was married on that day.She will never forget the day when (=on which)she was married.It was the year.The World War I broke out in the year.It was the year when (= in which) the World War I broke out.When = 介詞介詞 + which

20、where 作地點(diǎn)狀語作地點(diǎn)狀語I want to know the place.I was born there.I want to know the place where (= in which) I was born.The table where (= at which ) she is sitting is a new one.where = 介詞介詞 + whichThe table is a new one.She is sitting at the table注意區(qū)分表示地點(diǎn)的名詞在句中是做地點(diǎn)狀語（where引導(dǎo)）或是做賓語（which引導(dǎo)）This is the park

21、. We visited the park last weekendThis is the park _ we visited last weekend.whichThis is the park. We played in the park last weekendThis is the park _ we played last weekend.whereEg: I missed my hometown _I grew up. I missed my hometown _ I talked with you yesterday. That is the libray _Tom always

22、 borrow books. That is the library _Tom likes best. where/in whichwhere/from whichwhichwhichwhy 作原因狀語作原因狀語, 其先行詞常常是其先行詞常常是the reason.That is the reason why(= for which) Im late.I know the reason why he said it.why = for whichExercise1.October 1,1949 is the day _ the PRC was founded. A. which B. when C. that D. on that2.October 1,1949 is