情態(tài)動詞復(fù)習(xí)(整理版_最全)

1、 中考專題復(fù)習(xí)十一中考專題復(fù)習(xí)十一 Modal verbs 占隴華南學(xué)校，朱月華老師占隴華南學(xué)校，朱月華老師studying aims1.Review modal verbs.2.Learn to use modal verbs with exercises. Whats the definition of modal verbs? 情態(tài)動詞是一種本身有一定的詞義情態(tài)動詞是一種本身有一定的詞義,表表示說話人的情緒示說話人的情緒,態(tài)度或語氣的動詞態(tài)度或語氣的動詞,但但不能單獨作謂語不能單獨作謂語, 只能和其他動詞原形只能和其他動詞原形構(gòu)成謂語。構(gòu)成謂語。 What are the functio

2、ns of modal verbs?1. Ability （能力）（能力）2. Obligation （義務(wù)）（義務(wù)）3. Certainty （可能性）（可能性）4. Permission （允許（允許）5. Make requests（提出請求）（提出請求）6. Make suggestions（提出建（提出建議）議）7. Make offers（提供幫助）（提供幫助）8. Give advice（提出意見）（提出意見） How can we deal with exercises How can we deal with exercises concerning modal verbs?

3、concerning modal verbs?Functions & usage of modal verbsLanguage context (上下文、上下文、語境語境)Functions & usage of modal verbsLanguage context (上下文、上下文、語境語境) 表能力的情態(tài)動詞：表能力的情態(tài)動詞：can/couldbe able to情態(tài)動詞表示能力情態(tài)動詞表示能力情態(tài)動詞表示能力時，一般用情態(tài)動詞表示能力時，一般用cancould或或be able to。1.can常指現(xiàn)在，較常用；如果只表示能力時，兩者都可常指現(xiàn)在，較常用；如果只表示能力時，兩者都可用

4、。用。e.g. I can / am able to swim.2.be able to 可用于各種時態(tài)可用于各種時態(tài) e.g. We shall be able to finish the work nex week. 側(cè)重于側(cè)重于“克服一定困難克服一定困難”“經(jīng)過一定努力經(jīng)過一定努力”“有能力有能力”干某干某事事can 只有一般現(xiàn)在時和一般過去時兩種時態(tài)只有一般現(xiàn)在時和一般過去時兩種時態(tài) 客觀上能夠客觀上能夠即講即練即講即練 The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone _ get out. A. had to B.

5、 would C. could D. was able to答案：答案：D情態(tài)動詞表示推測的用法情態(tài)動詞表示推測的用法 （語氣從強到弱）（語氣從強到弱）1._所表示的可能性最大，最有把握，所表示的可能性最大，最有把握，意為意為“一定一定”。2.can和和could主要用于主要用于_句和句和_句中，句中，cant或或couldnt 表示表示“不可能不可能”。3.may和和might表示現(xiàn)在或?qū)砜赡馨l(fā)生的動表示現(xiàn)在或?qū)砜赡馨l(fā)生的動作或情況，主要用于作或情況，主要用于_句中，句中，might相相對于對于may來說，表示的可能性更小一些。來說，表示的可能性更小一些。mustshouldcancou

6、ldmaymightmust否定否定疑問疑問肯定肯定注意：注意：1 表示猜測，表示猜測，can/could一般不用于肯定句一般不用于肯定句中，除非是中，除非是“經(jīng)驗之談經(jīng)驗之談”。 e.g. Anybody can make mistakes. 2 表示猜測，表示猜測，may和和might都不用于疑問句都不用于疑問句中。中。 e.g. (正正) Can Could it be cloudy tomorrow？ (誤誤) May Might it be cloudy tomorrow？4.should也可以用來表示也可以用來表示“推測推測”，意為，意為“可可能；該能；該”，相當(dāng)于，相當(dāng)于be e

7、xpected to。往往指。往往指具有一定的具有一定的客觀根據(jù)客觀根據(jù)或或根據(jù)推理根據(jù)推理對現(xiàn)在某對現(xiàn)在某事發(fā)生的事發(fā)生的“可能性可能性”進行描述，語氣上不如進行描述，語氣上不如must強。強。Its nearly seven oclock. Jack _ be here at any moment. A. must B. need C. should D. can答案：答案：C( ) -Is Peter here now? - Not yet, but he _ be here soon. He usually is on time. A. would B. could C. should

8、 D. must( ) It nearly took me an hour to go there. - Have a drink, then. You _ be thirsty. A. should B. need C. will D. mustCD 當(dāng) 堂 訓(xùn) 練 （一）情太動詞表推測，可能性( )1. Have you decided which senior high school to choose? - Not yet. I _ go to Moonlight School. A. must B. may C. need D. should( ) 2. Do you have an

9、y plans for the weekend? - I m not sure. I _ go climbing Mount.Tai. A. need B. can C. may D. shall( ) 3.- Whose shirt is this? Is it Johns ? - It _ be Johns . Its _ small for him. A. cant; much too B. cant; too much C. mustnt; much too D. mustnt ; too much BCA( )4.- Listen! Is that Millie playing th

10、e violin in the next room? - No. It _ be her. She has gone to the teachers office. A. may not B. mustnt C. neednt D. cant ( ) 5. Fifty dollars for such a blouse!(襯衣) You _ be joking. - Im serious. Its made of silk. A. must B. can C. may D. need( ) 6. I walk for an hour in the hot weather. - Have a d

11、rink, then. You _ be thirsty. A. should B. need C. will D. must DAD 情態(tài)動詞表示情態(tài)動詞表示“許可許可”、“允許允許”的用法的用法can/could/may/might過去式過去式could常用于疑問句中，比常用于疑問句中，比can更加委更加委婉，表示禮貌。回答時，常用原形婉，表示禮貌。回答時，常用原形can或者或者may，不可再用過去式，不可再用過去式could/might。 e.g. Can/May/Could I use your pen?肯定簡略回答：肯定簡略回答： Yes, you can/may. Yes, ple

12、ase.否定簡略回答：否定簡略回答： No, you mustnt. Please dont. _No, you may not.即講即練即講即練 Could I borrow your dictionary? Yes, of course you _. A. might B. will C. can D. should答案：答案：C 當(dāng) 堂 訓(xùn) 練 （二）情太動詞表許可，建議( )1.Bob, shall we go and meet our new classmate? - Sorry, Im busy now. But you _ ask David to go with you. He

13、 is free. A. need B. may C. would D. must ( ) 2. I hear youve got a new iphone5s . - _ I have a look? A. May B. Do C. shall D. should( )3.- _ I try on those shoes in the window? - _. They are just on show.（展出） A.Could; Yes, you can. B. Can; Sorry, you couldnt C.Could; Sorry, you cant D. Can; Yes, yo

14、u couldBAC?( )4.-_ I swim here? Im sorry. Children _ swim alone here. A. must; cant B. May; must C. Can; mustnt D. Cant; can ( )5. Shall I tell Jim the good news? No, you _. Ive told him already. A. wouldnt B. neednt C. shouldnt D. mustnt ( )6. What do you want to eat for lunch? I will prepare earli

15、er today. - Honey, you _. Lets go have something different. A. mustnt B. cant C. shouldnt D. dont have to CBD( )7. -_ I smoke here? - No. You are not allowed to smoke in public places. A. Could B. Must C. May D. Might ( )8. Can I borrow your dictionary? Yes, you_. A. can B. must C. should( ) 9. How

16、long may I keep the book? - You _ keep it for two weeks. A. may B. must C. will ( ) 10. May we leave the classroom now? - No, you _. You shouldnt leave until the bell rings. A. may not B. cant C. neednt ( )11. May I smoke here, please? - Im afraid you _. This is a non-smoking area. A. can B. cant C.

17、 may D. may not CAABB( )12. Its such a long way! What shall I do? You _ take my car if you want. A. will B. must C. may D. shall( ) 13. May I watch TV for a while? - No, you _. You have to finish your homework first . A. should B. neednt C. mustnt D. wont ( )14. How was the party last night, Mark? -

18、 It was great fun. You _ go. A. must B. can C. should D. may CCC 易混情太動詞易混情太動詞Some of us can use the computer now, but we couldnt last year.It will be sunny in the daytime, but it could rain later on this evening. -Can I go now? -Yes, you can.Could you wait a few days for the money?This cant/couldnt

19、be done by him. 表示表示“能力能力”表示表示“客觀可能性客觀可能性”表示表示“請求和允許請求和允許”表示表示“請求請求”,口語中代替口語中代替can,使語氣更委婉使語氣更委婉,主要用于主要用于疑問句疑問句,答語用答語用can.-Could I use your bike tomorrow? Yes,_. No, _.表示不相信的態(tài)度表示不相信的態(tài)度(主要主要用于否定句用于否定句,疑問句和感疑問句和感嘆句中嘆句中)”you canIm afraid not1. can和和could1.can/be able to區(qū)別區(qū)別:can表示表示或或，而，而be able to更加強調(diào)更加

20、強調(diào)或者或者，能做到的事情。能做到的事情。表示特定的某一過去能力或表示成功地做表示特定的某一過去能力或表示成功地做了某事時，只能用了某事時，只能用was/were able to， 不不能用能用could。 He_fleeEuropebeforethewarbrokeout.Note： could 區(qū)別區(qū)別 was/were able to was able to1.A big fire broke out in ABC hotel yesterday. Luckily, everyone _ run out of the building.was able to2. She _ speak

21、both English and French.canI cant thank you too much.can never/canttoo表示表示“無無論怎樣論怎樣也不過分也不過分”，“越越越越好好” 。你過馬路的時候再小心也不為過。你過馬路的時候再小心也不為過。 You cant be too careful while crossing the road. May I watch TV after supper?Yes,_./ No, _.Might I use your telephone?May I go home now?It may be true.She may come to

22、morrow.He might have some fever.May you succeed!May you have many more days as happy as this one!you mayYou mustnt允許允許,許可許可禁止禁止,阻止阻止Might比比May的語氣更委婉的語氣更委婉表示可能性的推測表示可能性的推測,譯為譯為“大概大概,可能可能”用用might時顯得更加不肯定時顯得更加不肯定用于祈使句表示祝愿用于祈使句表示祝愿2. May 和和Might A computer _ think for itself; it must be told what to do.

23、 A. cant B. couldnt C. may not D. might notAmay _ can_表主觀表主觀“可能可能”表客觀表客觀“可能可能”cannot_ may not_不可能不可能可能不可能不 may 和和canThey_ be doing the experiment in the lab.Why？Because the lights are still burning.A.could B.can C.must D.would must表主觀意志，而表主觀意志，而have to表由于客觀因表由于客觀因素不得不做完成的事情。素不得不做完成的事情。 must沒有過去式，除在間

24、接引語中可表示過沒有過去式，除在間接引語中可表示過去的時間。在直接引語中表示過去的時間用去的時間。在直接引語中表示過去的時間用had to代替。代替。 I told her that she must give up smoking.比較比較must & have toIts getting late. I have to leave now.（客觀需要）（客觀需要） - Whats the name? - Khulaifi. _ I spell that for you?A. Shall B. Would C. Can D. Might在疑問句中，用于第一、三人稱，表示征求在疑問句中，用于第

25、一、三人稱，表示征求對方的意見或向?qū)Ψ秸埵?。常用句型：對方的意見或向?qū)Ψ秸埵?。常用句型：Shall I ? Shall we ? 4.shall/should（10江蘇）江蘇） I havent got the reference book yet, but Ill have a test on the subject next month. Dont worry. You_ have it by Friday. A. could B. shall C. must D.may 解析：解析：shall在第二人稱中表示在第二人稱中表示允諾允諾，還可以表，還可以表示強制，命令，威脅，警告。還有在法律

26、條文示強制，命令，威脅，警告。還有在法律條文中的要求或規(guī)定。中的要求或規(guī)定。答案：答案：BYou shall be punished for what youve done.你一定會因為你的所作所受到懲罰。你一定會因為你的所作所受到懲罰。 1.The old man _have a smoke under a big tree every afternoon after he finished his farm work. 2.When I was a child, I would often go skiing. 我小時候經(jīng)常去滑雪。3.We would stay up all night

27、talking about our future. 那時候我們常常徹夜談?wù)撐覀兊奈磥?。would 5.will/would可表示經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性、傾向性。可表示經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性、傾向性。翻譯為翻譯為“經(jīng)常、慣于、總是經(jīng)常、慣于、總是”。 will 表示意志，愿望，決心。表示意志，愿望，決心。 Would 表示過去的意志、愿望或決心表示過去的意志、愿望或決心這一用法可以用于各種人稱這一用法可以用于各種人稱I will give up smoking.-Write to me when you get home.-_.A. I must B.I should C.I will D.I can 答案：答

28、案：C 我會的我會的Will / would 在疑問句中在疑問句中用于第二人稱時，表示說話人向?qū)Ψ教岢稣埱蠡蛟儐?。常用句型?Will you please lend me your bike? 語氣委婉一點就用would you please lend me your bike?( )-Dont forget to post the letter for me. - No, I _. A. dont B. wont C. mustnt D. cant 表示“我不會忘記的我不會忘記的”( ) They _ let him in because he was poorly dressed. A.

29、 couldnt B. mustnt C. cant D. wouldnt Wouldnt 在此處表示他們不愿意讓他進，因在此處表示他們不愿意讓他進，因為他穿著太破舊了。為他穿著太破舊了。BD主語若為無生命的東西，主語若為無生命的東西，wont wont 不表示意不表示意志，而用來談?wù)撌挛锏淖匀粚傩?，表示拒志，而用來談?wù)撌挛锏淖匀粚傩?，表示拒絕，意為絕，意為“不肯不肯”、 就是不就是不”、或、或“怎怎么也不能么也不能”。The window wont open.=The window refuses to open.這窗戶打不開。這窗戶打不開。e.g.Ive tried several tim

30、es, but the car just _.A. doesnt startB. wouldnt startC. wont start D. didnt startC6.可兼做行為動詞的情態(tài)動詞：可兼做行為動詞的情態(tài)動詞：need 、 dare 情態(tài)動詞 (+動詞原形)行為動詞 .needdare 1.1.無人稱和數(shù)的變化無人稱和數(shù)的變化; 2.2.尤其用于：尤其用于：* *否定句及疑問句中否定句及疑問句中; ;* *在在if/whether之后之后; ;* *或與或與hardly, never, no one, nobody連用連用; ; 3.3.常以常以neednt 和和darent 的形

31、式出現(xiàn)的形式出現(xiàn); ;4.4.dare有其過去時有其過去時dared. . 多用于肯定句多用于肯定句; sb need to do sb dare to doSth need to be done= sth need doing 1. Need 作為情太動詞，沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化，后接動詞原形。詞義“必要”，need 情太動詞提問，肯定回答用must, 否定回答用 neednt, neednt do sth 表示沒有必要做某事。2.Need作實義動詞，詞義“需要”，有人稱和數(shù)的變化，有時態(tài)的變化。作實義動詞的句式如下： sb need to do sth sb need sb to do sth

32、 sb need sth to be done sb / sth need to be done = sb / sth need doing (用doing 主動形式表示被動意義）1.判斷正誤判斷正誤: How dare you say such a thing? How dare you to say such a thing?He darent to speak English before such a crowd, did he?He darent speak English before such a crowd, dare he?Nobody need to be afraid o

33、f catching the disease.Nobody need be afraid of catching the disease.These dishes need be cleaned carefully.These dishes need to be cleaned carefully.These dishes need cleaning carefully. 表示否定的情態(tài)動詞的用法表示否定的情態(tài)動詞的用法: 部分情態(tài)動詞的否定式是情態(tài)動詞中的考點部分情態(tài)動詞的否定式是情態(tài)動詞中的考點之一。之一。 mustnt 不準不準, 禁止禁止 neednt 沒必要沒必要 ( = dont

34、have to )cant 不能不能; 不可能不可能may not 不可以不可以; 可能不可能不shouldnt 不應(yīng)該不應(yīng)該 ( = ought not to ) （10湖南） 3. You_ buy a gift, but you can if you want to. A. must B. mustnt C. have to D. dont have to 考點：情態(tài)動詞考點：情態(tài)動詞解析：解析：dont have to 意為意為“沒有必要沒有必要”，符合，符合語境，句意為：語境，句意為：“你沒有必要買禮物，但如果你沒有必要買禮物，但如果你想買的話，你也可以買。你想買的話，你也可以買?！?/p>

35、答案：答案：D情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞+have+過去分詞過去分詞must have donecan/could +have doneshould /ought to +have donemay/might +have done neednt +have done路上是濕的。昨晚一定下雨了。路上是濕的。昨晚一定下雨了。The road is wet. It_ _ _last night.-My cats really fat.-You _ have given her so much food. A.wouldnt B.couldnt C.shouldnt D.mustnt答案：答案：Cmust ha

36、ve rained must have done 表示對過去肯定的推測。表示對過去肯定的推測。1.僅用在肯定句中，表示對過去發(fā)生的行為的僅用在肯定句中，表示對過去發(fā)生的行為的推測，推測，“一定一定 準是準是”2.反意疑問句：反意疑問句：didnt 或者或者 havent.He must have studied English last night,didnt he ?因為有因為有l(wèi)ast night,表示的是過去的時間狀語，表示的是過去的時間狀語，所以用所以用didnt。He must have studied English for years,hasnt he ?因為有因為有for ye

37、ars 表示一段時間，持續(xù)至今，表示一段時間，持續(xù)至今，所以用現(xiàn)在完成時。所以用現(xiàn)在完成時。can/could +have done表示對過去否定表示對過去否定疑問的推測。疑問的推測。1.只能用在否定和疑問句中。只能用在否定和疑問句中。2.時間上都表示過去，語氣上時間上都表示過去，語氣上can比比could更肯定更肯定3.could+have done 常表示對過去可能常表示對過去可能做而沒有做某事的遺憾，不高興。做而沒有做某事的遺憾，不高興。She _ have left school,for her bike is still here.A.cant B wouldnt C shouldn

38、t D neednt答案：答案：AHe paid for a seat ,when he _have entered free.A.could B.would C.must D.need答案：答案：Ashould /ought to +have done1.肯定句中，表示過去應(yīng)該做而實際上肯定句中，表示過去應(yīng)該做而實際上沒有做的事。沒有做的事。2.否定句中，表示不該做而實際上做了。否定句中，表示不該做而實際上做了。3.ought to 比比should 口氣更強烈口氣更強烈Tom ought not to _ me your secret, but he meant no harm. A.ha

39、ve told B.tell C.be telling D having told答案：答案：Amay/might +have done 對過去某事可對過去某事可能性的推測。能性的推測。1.might 比比may的可能性更小的可能性更小2.might have done 表示表示“本該本該 而而 沒沒”.表示委婉的責(zé)備、遺憾、憤怒。表示委婉的責(zé)備、遺憾、憤怒。3.如果主句動詞是過去時，間接引語只能用如果主句動詞是過去時，間接引語只能用 might have done4.may +have done 只能用于肯定或否定句只能用于肯定或否定句中。中。-Where is my book ?I rem

40、ember I put it here yesterday.-You _ it in the wrong place.A must put B.should have put C.might put Dmight have put答案：答案：DHe _you more help,even though he was very busy.A.might have given B.might give C.may have given D.may give答案：答案：Aneednt +have done 表示做了沒有必要的表示做了沒有必要的事。只用在否定和疑問句中。事。只用在否定和疑問句中。-Jo

41、e,I have cleaned the room for you-Thanks.You _it .I could manage it myself.A.neednt do B.neednt have done C.mustnt do D. shouldnt have done 答案：答案：B比較：比較：She neednt have come to see me yesterday. She didnt need to come to see me yesterday最新高考真題鏈接最新高考真題鏈接2010屆高考真題再現(xiàn) （10四川）四川） 1. _ I take the book out? Im afraid not. A. Will B. May C. Must D. Need考點：考查情態(tài)動詞?？键c：考查情態(tài)動詞。解析：表請求可用情態(tài)動詞解析：表請求可用情態(tài)動詞can, may, could, might ,表允許用表允許用can, may.句意為：句意為：“我可以將這本書帶出去嗎？我可以將這本書帶出去嗎？”“”“恐怕不恐怕不行行”。故應(yīng)選表。故應(yīng)選表請求請求的情態(tài)動詞的情態(tài)動詞may。正確答案為。正確答案為B。答案：答案：B （10浙江）浙江） 4. “You _ have a wrong number,” she said.