新視野大學(xué)英語(yǔ)第三冊(cè)第一單元sectionB

1、 1UNITChance favors the preparedTo master the reading skillTo understand the textTo practice the phrases and patternsTo learn about giving a report Warming-up Reading skills Text study Comparative study Unit projectSection B Section BVideo Watching1. According to the speaker, what are the significan

2、t factors leading to success?2. What is your understanding of the keys to success?1 According to the speaker, what are the significant factors leading to success?The key factors include:passion, work, focus, push, ideas, persist, and serve.In my view, the key qualities that contribute to success are

3、 faith, experience, courage, intelligence and diligence, relationship and leadership. Faith is a lump that brightens the mind; experience is a teacher that tells you to be or not be, to do or not to do; courage is a great power that pushes you forward while you are lost; intelligence and diligence a

4、re foundation on which you go up stably; relationship and leadership are stepping-stones on which you go upwards smoothly.2. What is your understanding of the keys to success?1. Who is Les Brown?2. What is special education?3. What is a DJ?1. Who is Les Brown? Les Brown is a motivational speaker, fo

5、rmer Ohio politician, popular author, radio DJ, and former host of The Les Brown Show. As a politician, he is a former member of the Ohio House of Representatives. As a motivational speaker, he uses the catch phrase, “Its possible,” and teaches people to follow their dreams as he learned to do.2. Wh

6、at is special education? Special education refers to educational services for disabled students and students who have difficulty learning at the usual rate. 3. What is a DJ? A disc jockey, also known as a DJ, is someone who plays records. The contents of the records are music, which matches the venu

7、e in which the disc jockey is playing. DJs often mix the content of several records with other instruments or equipment to produce a “sound” or a certain “energy”. Reading skillsSection BDenotation is the literal meaning of a word, the one we find in a dictionary. Connotation, on the other hand, is

8、the implied meaning of a word, the one a word suggests to us, or what it makes us feel or think. Connotation contains the emotional implications and associations that a word may carry.Denotation and ConnotationTo be continuedExample 1Thankfully, he did finish at Harrow and his errors there did not p

9、reclude him from going on to the university. He eventually had a premier army career whereby he was later elected prime minister. (Text A, Para. 1) Denotation: fortunately Connotation: The word thankfully associates with a feeling of relief and pleasure, indicating the authors positive attitude towa

10、rd Churchill.Denotation and ConnotationTo be continuedExample 2In the end, both Einstein and Edison overcame their childhood persecution and went on to achieve magnificent discoveries that benefit the entire world today. (Text A, Para. 3) Denotation: extremely bad treatment of someone, especially be

11、cause of their race, religion, or political beliefs Denotation and ConnotationTo be continuedConnotation: The word persecution is too big a word for the trouble a child goes through, but it indicates the tremendous hardships Einstein and Edison suffered in their childhood. It makes the authors point

12、 quite clear, that is, despite the great trouble, they finally succeeded because they never gave up.Denotation and ConnotationTo be continuedExample 2Read the following sentences from Text B and pay close attention to the underlined words. Write the denotation of each word and its connotation. Check

13、 the context for clues. The first one has been done for you.Denotation and ConnotationPracticeDenotation and Connotation1. A hairbrush served as his microphone as he energetically practiced speaking his masterpieces to his imaginary listeners. (Para. 3) Denotation: a work of art that is excellent Co

14、nnotation: Les Brown regarded his own performance in his shabby room as a masterpiece. The word implies Les Browns confidence in realizing his dream as a DJ.To be continuedDenotation and Connotation2. One day Les decided to take the initiative and begin with this enterprise. (Para. 5)3. He stayed ar

15、ound the studio, soaking up whatever knowledge he could. (Para. 11)4. Finally, when the phone rang, Les grabbed it. (Para. 13)5. He flipped on the microphone and eloquently rapped (Para. 22)6. From that fateful beginning, Les was propelled to become an icon in broadcasting, politics, public speaking

16、 and television. (Para. 23) Text studySection B1. Why was Les Brown placed in special education classes? (Para. 2)2. What was the reaction of Les Browns friends when he was constantly practicing to realize his dream? (Para. 4)3. Why did the station manager take on Les Brown to do small tasks at last

17、? (Para.10)4. How did Les Brown learn to work the controls in the studio? (Para. 11)To be continuedQuestions previewing5. When the DJ named Rock started to feel very sick, what did Les Brown do? (Para.12)6. What did Les Brown immediately do when he got his first chance? (Para. 21)7. What made Les Br

18、owns first show a complete success? (Para. 23)8. According to the passage, what important factors contributed to Les Browns success?Questions previewingBecause of his overactive behavior and nonstop talking as a child, Les was placed in special education classes for the learning disabled all the way

19、 through high school. 1. Why was Les Brown placed in special education classes? (Para. 2)原句：原句：Because of his overactive behavior and nonstop talking as a child, Les was placed in special education classes for the learning disabled all the way through high school. (Para. 2)解釋解釋: : Because he was mor

20、e active and talkative than normal kids during his childhood, Les was sent to the classes specially set up for those with learning difficulties; he was there until he graduated from high school.譯文：譯文：由于兒時(shí)過(guò)度好動(dòng)，還愛(ài)不停地說(shuō)話，萊斯被送到專(zhuān)為學(xué)習(xí)困難兒童而設(shè)的特殊教育班，并一直讀到了高中。Sentence interpreation2. What was the reaction of Le

21、s Browns friends when he was constantly practicing to realize his dream? (Para. 4)His friends got bored, laughed at him and asked him to give up his dream. 原句：原句：He aggravated his friends with his constant practicing. They scorned him and said to stop dreaming and focus on the real world. (Para. 4)解

22、釋解釋: : He practiced broadcasting music constantly, which made his friends extremely annoyed. They laughed at him and told him to stop daydreaming and face reality.譯文：譯文：他無(wú)休止地練習(xí)讓朋友們不勝其煩。他們嘲弄他， 告訴他別做白日夢(mèng)，要面對(duì)現(xiàn)實(shí)。Sentence interpreation3. Why did the station manager take on Les Brown to do small tasks at l

23、ast? (Para.10)Being moved by Les Browns persistence, the station manager finally gave in and took Les on to do small tasks at no pay. 原句：原句：His persistence was very persuasive, and the station manager finally gave in and took Les on to do small tasks at no pay. (Para. 10)解釋解釋: : His persistence fina

24、lly persuaded the station manager to give him a job of doing tiny things without any pay.譯文：譯文：他的堅(jiān)持很能打動(dòng)人，電臺(tái)經(jīng)理終于讓了步，讓他做一些小事情不過(guò)沒(méi)有報(bào)酬。Sentence interpreation4. How did Les Brown learn to work the controls in the studio? (Para. 11) A. He learned it by himself. B. The local DJs taught him.C. His mother tau

25、ght him when he was young. D. The general manager taught him.Choose the best answer to the question.5. When the DJ named Rock started to feel very sick, what did Les Brown do? (Para.12)on the air One afternoon at work, the DJ named Rock started to feel very sick while _. Les was the only person arou

26、nd, and he realized that Rock was coughing and _. Les stayed close in case there was some way he might help _ his coworkers distress. He also worried that the illness was sure to _ this broadcast. losing his voicealleviatedoom6. What did Les Brown immediately do when he got his first chance? (Para.

27、21)He couldnt wait to tell his mother and friends that he was about to come on the air.原句原句：He didnt even blink before he called his mother and his friends. “You all go out on the front porch and turn up the radio because Im about to come on the air!” he said. (Para. 21) 解釋解釋: : He lost no time in c

28、alling his mother and his friends. “You all go out on the front porch and turn up the radio because I am going to broadcast on the radio!” he said.譯文：譯文：他一刻都不耽擱，馬上給母親和朋友們打了電話?！澳銈兌嫉角袄热?，打開(kāi)收音機(jī)，我馬上要直播了！”他說(shuō)。Sentence interpreation His preparation. 7. Listen to Para. 23 and answer the following question. W

29、hat made Les Browns first show a complete success? (Para. 23)譯文：譯文：聽(tīng)眾為之折服，經(jīng)理為之鼓掌。原句原句：He had dazzled the audience and heard applause from his general manager. (Para. 23)解釋解釋: : His great performance amazed the audience and also got the approval from his general manager.Sentence interpreation8. Accor

30、ding to the passage, what important factors contributed to Les Browns success ? Enduring passion to make his dream come true; His determination to succeed in what he pursued ; His desire to succeed because he wanted to make more money to support the family.poverty-strickenprospective adoptedaggravat

31、ednegativityinitiativepersistenceText summaryhanging out preparationsoaked up dazzledpropelledText summary1. destined to do sth. 預(yù)定；注定；（尤指）命中注定2. serve as 被用作；充當(dāng)；起的作用 3. be wrapped up in sth. 把全部精力放在某事上（以至于沒(méi)有時(shí)間關(guān)心別的事）4. take sb. on 開(kāi)始雇用某人5. hang out 泡在某處；與經(jīng)常在一起 6. soak sth. up迅速吸收；輕松學(xué)會(huì)（知識(shí)）7. in antic

32、ipation of sth. 預(yù)料某事；期待某事8. on (the) air 正在廣播Practical phrases預(yù)定；注定；（尤指）預(yù)定；注定；（尤指）命中注定命中注定(musician of top class) He feels that he was destined to become a musician of top class. destined to do sth. 短語(yǔ)逆譯短語(yǔ)應(yīng)用他覺(jué)得自己注定會(huì)成為一名一流的音樂(lè)家。 意群提示Practical phrases被用作被用作 ；充當(dāng)；充當(dāng) ；起起的作用的作用 serve as短語(yǔ)逆譯(remains / natur

33、al fertilizer) Remains of plants on the ground serve as a natural fertilizer and help support the roots of future crops. 短語(yǔ)應(yīng)用地面上植物的殘余物可以用作天然肥料，為未來(lái)農(nóng)作物的根系提供滋養(yǎng)。意群提示Practical phrases把全部精力放在某把全部精力放在某事上事上(pay attention to / a world of her own) She didnt pay much attention to her family and her friends bec

34、ause she was completely wrapped up in a world of her own. be wrapped up in sth. 短語(yǔ)逆譯短語(yǔ)應(yīng)用她并不怎么關(guān)注家人和朋友，因?yàn)樗耆两谧约旱氖澜纭?意群提示Practical phrases承擔(dān)；肩負(fù)承擔(dān)；肩負(fù)( handle/lack self-confidence) Dont take on more responsibilities than you can handle if you lack self-confidence about your ability.take on短語(yǔ)逆譯短語(yǔ)應(yīng)用假如你對(duì)自

35、己的能力信心不足，就不要承擔(dān)過(guò)多的責(zé)任。意群提示Practical phrases泡在某處；與泡在某處；與經(jīng)常在一起經(jīng)常在一起 (coffee shop) Sometimes people came into the coffee shop to hang out and meet other people. hang out短語(yǔ)逆譯短語(yǔ)應(yīng)用有時(shí)人們進(jìn)咖啡店是為了休閑和交友。 意群提示Practical phrases迅速吸收；輕松迅速吸收；輕松學(xué)會(huì)（知識(shí)學(xué)會(huì)（知識(shí)) )(a detached perspective / put together) A detached perspective

36、 can allow the mind to soak up ideas and to put them together in new ways. soak sth. up短語(yǔ)逆譯短語(yǔ)應(yīng)用一個(gè)客觀的角度可以讓思維吸收各種觀點(diǎn)并以新的方式將這些觀點(diǎn)進(jìn)行整合。 意群提示Practical phrases預(yù)料預(yù)料/ /期待某事期待某事(the examination result) Sandra could hardly wait any longer in anticipation of the examination result.in anticipation of sth. 短語(yǔ)逆譯短語(yǔ)應(yīng)

37、用桑德拉期待著考試成績(jī)，幾乎都等不及了。意群提示Practical phrases正在廣播正在廣播(offer to do sth. / raise money / the Community Radio Station ) People offered to raise whatever sum of money needed to keep the Community Radio Station on the air. on (the) air 短語(yǔ)逆譯短語(yǔ)應(yīng)用人們表示愿意籌集維持社區(qū)電臺(tái)廣播所需的一切款項(xiàng)。意群提示Practical phrases1. Upon /on +n./v.-i

38、ng, sb. does sth. 用于表達(dá)“在之后某人立即做某件事” 。2. Sb. faithfully / tirelessly / unremittingly does sth. in anticipation of sb. / sth. (the opportunity/chance) sb. knows will come. 用于表示“某人滿(mǎn)懷期待、不懈地/孜孜不倦地做著某事，知道某人會(huì)來(lái)/某事物（如機(jī)會(huì)）會(huì)降臨”。3. Search / try as sb. might / would, sb. was unable to do sth. / could not do sth.

39、用于表達(dá)“無(wú)論某人怎樣努力/怎么試/怎么搜尋，仍然不能做成某事”。Functional patterns一畢業(yè)，他就成了一名垃圾清運(yùn)工。原句譯文原句譯文逆譯練習(xí)逆譯練習(xí)Upon graduation, he became a garbage collector. (Para. 2）句型提煉句型提煉Practical phrasesUpon /on +n./v.-ing, sb. does sth. 句型提煉句型提煉應(yīng)用提示應(yīng)用提示用于表達(dá)“在之后某人立即做某件事”。句型應(yīng)用句型應(yīng)用Practical phrases(uttering this word/exchange a look) Upo

40、n uttering this word, Dan and Harry exchanged a quick, meaningful look. 典型例句一說(shuō)完這話，丹和哈里就迅速地交換了一下目光，意味深長(zhǎng)。意群提示Practical phrases他非常自律，晚上一回到房間，就滿(mǎn)懷著期 待不懈地練習(xí)，他知道機(jī)遇終會(huì)降臨。原句譯文原句譯文逆譯練習(xí)逆譯練習(xí)He was disciplined; back in his bedroom at night, he faithfully practiced in anticipation of the opportunity he knew would

41、come. (Para. 11)句型提煉句型提煉Practical phrasesSb. faithfully / tirelessly /unremittingly does sth. in anticipation of sb. / sth. (the opportunity / chance) sb. knows will come. 句型提煉句型提煉應(yīng)用提示應(yīng)用提示用于表達(dá)“某人滿(mǎn)懷期待、不懈地/孜孜不倦地做著某事，知道某人會(huì)來(lái)/某事物（如機(jī)會(huì)）會(huì)降臨”。句型應(yīng)用句型應(yīng)用Practical phrases(be trapped in/ dilapidated /rescuers) Th

42、ough trapped in the dilapidated classroom building, the little girl unremittingly encouraged her classmates around in anticipation of the rescuers she knew would come. 典型例句盡管被困在坍塌的教學(xué)樓里，這個(gè)小姑娘滿(mǎn)懷期待，不停地鼓勵(lì)周?chē)耐瑢W(xué)，知道救援人員會(huì)到來(lái)。意群提示Practical phrases但他找了個(gè)遍，卻發(fā)現(xiàn)一個(gè)正式DJ都找不到。原句譯文原句譯文逆譯練習(xí)逆譯練習(xí)But try as he might, none

43、of the regular DJs were available. (Para. 18)句型提煉句型提煉Practical phrasesSearch /try as sb. might/ would, sb. was unable to do sth. / could not do sth. 句型提煉句型提煉應(yīng)用提示應(yīng)用提示用于表達(dá)“無(wú)論某人怎樣努力/怎么試/怎么搜尋，仍然不能做成某事”。句型應(yīng)用句型應(yīng)用Practical phrasesTry as we might, we could not get out of the difficult situation that we are

44、in at the moment.典型例句無(wú)論我們?cè)趺丛O(shè)法努力，都無(wú)法擺脫目前的困境。意群提示(think up) Practical phrases典型例句意群提示無(wú)論他怎么試，都無(wú)法想出一個(gè)辦法來(lái)找到第一批黑人挖出鉆石的地方。Try as he would, he was not able to think up any way to find the place where the first black men had dug their diamonds.(think up) Practical phrases 1.沉浸在自己的夢(mèng)里indulge ones dream 2.面對(duì)現(xiàn)實(shí)f

45、ocus on the real world 3.主動(dòng)出擊take the initiative 4.徹底的失敗a complete bust 5.追求自己的目標(biāo)pursue ones goals 6.堅(jiān)持自己的夢(mèng)想persist in ones dreams 7.滿(mǎn)足每一個(gè)要求cater to ones every need 8.汲取知識(shí)soak up knowledge 9.減輕痛苦alleviate ones distress10.幾欲抓狂frantic with distressGenuine collocations 大家都覺(jué)得他將來(lái)不會(huì)有什么好前途，但他自己卻不這么想。他有激情，有

46、夢(mèng)想一個(gè)讓他為之奮斗的偉大夢(mèng)想。 a. The prospective opportunities for his future looked slim to others, but not to Les. He had a passion, a dream a big dream that he was ready to work hard for. Language appreciation b. He kept his goals close to his heart and remained wrapped up in his own world, completely absorbe

47、d in preparing for his future, preparing to live his dream as a renowned DJ. 他心中一直銘記自己的目 標(biāo)，繼續(xù)沉浸在自己的世界里，全身心投入到對(duì)未來(lái)的準(zhǔn)備中，去實(shí)現(xiàn)他成為著名DJ的夢(mèng)想。 Language appreciation 盡管人人都打擊他， 但她卻十分信任他，告訴他不管別人怎么說(shuō)，都要追求自己的目標(biāo)，堅(jiān)持自己的夢(mèng)想。 c. Despite everyones discouragement, she believed in him and had taught him to pursue his goals a

48、nd persist in his dreams no matter what others said. Language appreciation d. There were none before me and there will be none after me. Therefore, that makes me the one and only. 空前絕后的萊斯布朗，獨(dú)一無(wú)二的萊斯布朗。Language appreciation2. What do you think about the effects of family background upon ones success?1

49、. What does the story of Les Brown suggest for young people nowadays? 3. What should we do when we are far from our dreams?Further discussion1. What does the story of Les Brown suggest for young people nowadays? Those who are well prepared are most likely to get success. Determination and preparatio

50、n are two important components of the secret of success. Further discussion2. What do you think about the effects of family background upon ones success? Family background can have both positiveand negative effects upon ones success. Many believe a wealthy family should have positive effects on ones

51、 personal development, while a poor family is more likely to cause negative impacts on ones success. However, some believe if you are born into a very wealthy family, you may lack the iron will to achieve success. But if you are brought up in a poor family, you can only depend on yourself, which wil

52、l strengthen your determination to pursue your dreams.Further discussionWe should judge whether the goal is accessible or not. If the goal is not accessible, we may well give it up. If the goal is accessible and we have not tried our best yet, we should work harder. 3. What should we do when we are

53、far from our dreams?Further discussionTalk about goals and success.Further discussion1. How can we judge whether a goal is accessible or not? 2. What personal traits are important for one to succeed?Further discussion We can compare the pursuit of goals to apple picking. If the apple is above you, b

54、ut still within reach, you can jump and get it. In this case, the goal is accessible. If the apple is high above you, and you can never get it no matter how hard you jump. In this case, the goal is not accessible.1. How can we judge whether a goal is accessible or not? Further discussion Enthusiasti

55、c Ethical Persistent Self-aware Self-confident Self-disciplined2. What personal traits are important for one to succeed?Further discussion Comparative studySection B2. What attitude should we hold towards the negative and the positive factors to achieve success?1. Comparison between the negative fac

56、tors and the positive factors in success.1. Comparison between the negative and the positive factors in success.Negative factors1. A poor family;2. Childhood persecution;3. Poor educational background;4. Immense obstacles and hardships;5. Overwhelming failures;6. Repeated misfortunes;7. Extreme crit

57、icism; Positive factors1. A rich/famous family;2. Parents belief and support; 3. Educational opportunities;4. Wit and wisdom;5. Determination and courage; 6. A strong will;7. Optimism and passion;8. Dedication and efforts;2. What attitude should we hold towards the negative and the positive factors

58、to achieve success? Regard the negative factors as challenges and opportunities Try to make use of the negative factors to cultivate good qualities Dont just focus your eyesight on the favorable conditions Based on your study of the two texts, compare the writing styles of the two texts in terms of

59、their typical language features.1. What are the typical language features of the two texts?2. List more examples from the text to support your ideas.Text B exemplifies the writing technique of narration, in which Les Browns struggles to become a DJ is depicted very vividly and elaborately. 1. What a

60、re the typical language features of the two texts?Text A is an example essay, in which examples are provided to explain the statement the author makes. Its parallel sentence structures used to describe the similarities between Einstein and Edison, Churchill and Lincoln give students a good idea abou