高中同位語從句課件3

1、Appositive ClauseWhat kind of noun clauses are they? 1. What it was to become was a mystery. 2. I dont know who will help Henry to win the bet. 3. His trouble is that he doesnt know anybody in London. 4. The fact that ships can go there surprises many people.主語從句主語從句賓語從句賓語從句表語從句表語從句同位語從句同位語從句brainst

2、orming (2m) noun clauses名詞性從句名詞性從句subjective clause主語從句主語從句objective clause賓語從句賓語從句predicative clause表語從句表語從句appositive clause同位語從句同位語從句 1.名詞性從句的引導(dǎo)詞名詞性從句的引導(dǎo)詞that,whether,if,as ifwhat,which,who,whom,whatever,whichever,whoever,whosewhen,where,why,how連詞：連詞：連接代詞：連接代詞：連接副詞：連接副詞：2.如何判斷從句？如何判斷從句？賓語從句：賓語從句：

3、位于及物動詞或介詞之后位于及物動詞或介詞之后表語從句：表語從句： 位于連系動詞之后位于連系動詞之后主語從句：主語從句：位于句首，即在謂語動詞之前位于句首，即在謂語動詞之前1. The news that we won the game is exciting.2. I have no idea when he will come back home.3. Word came to him that Mary had probably fallen ill. 4. They are investigating the question whether the man is trustworthy

4、.觀察下列句子劃紅線的部分。觀察下列句子劃紅線的部分。上面句子劃紅線的部分在句中作上面句子劃紅線的部分在句中作名詞的同位語從句，對名詞名詞的同位語從句，對名詞進(jìn)一步解釋，說明名詞的進(jìn)一步解釋，說明名詞的具體內(nèi)容。具體內(nèi)容。你能找出它們所解釋你能找出它們所解釋的名詞嗎？的名詞嗎？1. The news that we won the game is exciting.2. I have no idea when he will come back home.3. Word came to him that Mary had probably fallen ill. 4. They are inv

5、estigating the question whether the man is trustworthy.The newsideaWordthe question 同位語從句同位語從句1.概念概念:在復(fù)合句中作在復(fù)合句中作名詞的同位語名詞的同位語的名詞性從句。的名詞性從句。2.功能功能:同位語從句對名詞同位語從句對名詞，說明說明名詞的具體內(nèi)容名詞的具體內(nèi)容。3.用法用法: 常跟的抽象名詞有常跟的抽象名詞有: fact/ idea/reason thought/order/ doubt/news/hope truth/belief/promise/fact/word 4.連接詞連接詞 tha

6、t/whether/who/ which what/when/where/why/how 同位語從句的表現(xiàn)形式同位語從句的表現(xiàn)形式: 由由that引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo) The fact that you havent enough time to do the work is simply unbelievable. The hope that he may come here is not gone yet. The news that he has been elected president of the United States is true. The truth that heavy obj

7、ects and light objects fall at the same speed is known to all. The problem that she later developed a serious lung disease bothered scientists. 由由whether引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo) The question whether we need more time to do the work has not been discussed. 由由when引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo) I have no idea when they will go. 只用只用whether引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo),不用不

8、用if.這個(gè)問題是否正確還未被證實(shí)這個(gè)問題是否正確還未被證實(shí).The problem _ it is true hasnt been proved.連接詞連接詞whether引導(dǎo)的同位語從句引導(dǎo)的同位語從句whether連接詞連接詞代詞代詞what/which/who 引導(dǎo)的同位語從句引導(dǎo)的同位語從句1.誰會出國這個(gè)問題還未決定誰會出國這個(gè)問題還未決定.2.我不知道該選哪個(gè)我不知道該選哪個(gè).1.The question _ should go abroad hasnt been decided yet.2. I have no idea _to choose.whichwho在從句中充當(dāng)成分在

9、從句中充當(dāng)成分連接詞連接詞副詞副詞when/where/why/how 引導(dǎo)的同位語從句引導(dǎo)的同位語從句 1.我了解他們?yōu)槭裁措x開得那么早我了解他們?yōu)槭裁措x開得那么早.2. 我們還沒決定好去哪兒我們還沒決定好去哪兒.1.Ive got a good idea _ they left early.2.The question _ we should go has not been decided.whywhere1. 有時(shí)被別的詞或短語把有時(shí)被別的詞或短語把隔開：（謂語較短，同位語從句較長）隔開：（謂語較短，同位語從句較長）注意注意: :1:The story that William Tell

10、 killed the king with an arrow.2:Word that their team had won.（word：n消息）消息）分隔式同位語從句分隔式同位語從句1. We were excited at the news. Our football team had won a third match .2. They have made a new plan. Another experiment building will be put up beside the library. 合并成一句合并成一句We were excited at the news that

11、our football team had won a third match.They have made a new plan that another experiment building will be put up beside the library.3. They had the question. Could he pass the final exam?4. Who did the damaged computer belong to? No one had any idea. They had the question whether he could pass the

12、final exam.No one had any idea who the damaged computer belonged to.5. The problem has been solved. Why were so many areas flooded during the heavy storm? The problem why so many areas were flooded during the heavy storm has been solved.4.若被同位語從句說明的名詞是：若被同位語從句說明的名詞是：advice,suggestion,proposal,demand

13、,request,requirement,order等表示等表示建議、命令、要求的詞時(shí)，同位語從句的謂語用建議、命令、要求的詞時(shí)，同位語從句的謂語用(should)+do1).I made the suggestion that the meeting_(bring) to an end.(should) be brought2).The order that we _(send) a few people to help them was received yesterday.3). The order that we _(receive) yesterdaywas that we _(se

14、nd) a few people to help them.(should) sendreceived(should) send注意注意: :總結(jié)總結(jié):1)同位語從句跟在名詞后面，進(jìn)一步說明該同位語從句跟在名詞后面，進(jìn)一步說明該 名詞的具體內(nèi)容。同位語從句常跟在名詞名詞的具體內(nèi)容。同位語從句常跟在名詞 idea, fact, news, hope, thought, suggestion等抽象名詞之后等抽象名詞之后 2)連接詞連接詞that不能省略不能省略,無意義無成分；無意義無成分； 3)用用whether而不用而不用if引導(dǎo)同位語從句引導(dǎo)同位語從句 4)連接代詞連接代詞who, which

15、, what在從句中作主語、在從句中作主語、賓語、表語或定語賓語、表語或定語; 連接副詞連接副詞where, when, why, how在從句作狀語。在從句作狀語。 判斷下列從句是定語從句還是同位語從句：判斷下列從句是定語從句還是同位語從句：The news that youve heard isnt true.The news that well go on a picnic this Sunday isnt true. 定語從句定語從句同位語從句同位語從句We expressed the hope that they had expressed.We expressed the hope

16、 that they would come to visit China again.()定語從句定語從句同位語從同位語從句句1. The news that we had successfully sent up another communication satellite spread throughout the world.2. Thats the best piece of news Ive heard.判斷下列哪些含有判斷下列哪些含有同位語從句同位語從句，哪些含有，哪些含有定語從句定語從句。定語從句定語從句同位語從句同位語從句4. Is there any hope that h

17、e will be home at 7:30? 5. The possibility that you referred to doesnt exist at all.6. The fact that we talked about is very important.7. There is a strong possibility that we may be in France for the next week.定語從句定語從句定語從句定語從句同位語從句同位語從句同位語從句同位語從句3.在名詞和從句之間加在名詞和從句之間加be, 使之構(gòu)成一個(gè)新句子，使之構(gòu)成一個(gè)新句子，如果合乎邏輯，句子

18、通順，則是同位語從句，如果合乎邏輯，句子通順，則是同位語從句，定語從句是不能用系表結(jié)構(gòu)把先行詞與定語從句是不能用系表結(jié)構(gòu)把先行詞與從句連接起來的。從句連接起來的。The news that our team has won the game was true.The news that he told me yesterday was true. The news is that our team has won the game.The news is that he told me yesterday.(句子通順，是同位語從句）句子通順，是同位語從句）（句子不通順，是定語從句）（句子不通順

19、，是定語從句）三三.如何區(qū)別由如何區(qū)別由that 引導(dǎo)的定語從句和同位語從句引導(dǎo)的定語從句和同位語從句1.定語從句中定語從句中that，代詞代詞，可在從句中作，可在從句中作主、賓、表主、賓、表同位語從句中同位語從句中that, 連詞連詞，無成分無意義無成分無意義The news that our team has won the game was true.The news that he told me yesterday was true. 2.定義：定義：定語從句定語從句-說明先行詞的性質(zhì)與特征，與先行詞說明先行詞的性質(zhì)與特征，與先行詞 是修飾與被修飾的關(guān)系。是修飾與被修飾的關(guān)系。 同位

20、語從句同位語從句-對名詞即先行詞加以補(bǔ)充說明，是對名詞即先行詞加以補(bǔ)充說明，是 名詞全部內(nèi)容的體現(xiàn)。名詞全部內(nèi)容的體現(xiàn)。25. One of them held the view _ the book said was right. A. what that B. that what C. that D. whether單項(xiàng)選擇單項(xiàng)選擇26. The reason _ he has to go is _ his mother is ill in bed. A, why ; why B. why; because C. why ; that D. that ; because27. They r

21、eceived orders _ the work be done right away. A. which B. that C. / D. when28. I have no idea _. A. how to do B. when shall we start out for the trip C. what has happened to my wife D. how much have they earned36. Along with the letter was his promise _ he would visit me this coming Christmas. ( 200

22、4春季上海春季上海 ) A. which B. that C. what D. whether 答案答案B。這是一個(gè)同位語從句。這是一個(gè)同位語從句, 解釋解釋promise的具體內(nèi)容的具體內(nèi)容, 要用要用that引導(dǎo)。引導(dǎo)。高考題高考題37. Some researchers believe that there is no doubt _ a cure for AIDS will be found. (05廣東卷廣東卷) A. which B. that C. what D. whether 38. Danby left word with my secretary _ he would c

23、all again in the afternoon. （05浙江卷）浙江卷） Awho Bthat Cas Dwhich 39. Doris success lies in the fact _ she is co-operative and eager to learn from others. (06年上海年上海 春招）春招）A. which B. that C. when D. why40. Do you have any idea _ is actually going on in the classroom? （05遼寧卷）遼寧卷） Athat Bwhat Cas Dwhich 4

24、1. Theres a feeling in me _ well never know what a UFO is not ever. ( 2002年上海年上海) A. that B. which C. of which D. what解析解析: 答案答案A。同位語從句。同位語從句that well never know what a UFO is not ever作作a feeling的同位語，解釋的同位語，解釋a feeling 的具體的具體內(nèi)容。內(nèi)容。that連接同位語從句時(shí)，只起連連接同位語從句時(shí)，只起連接作用，不作從句的任何成分。接作用，不作從句的任何成分。42. Information has been put forward _ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.( 2001年上海年