中考英語復(fù)習(xí)代詞

1、代詞的分類中考說明及要求：人稱代詞人稱代詞 物主代詞物主代詞 反身代詞反身代詞 不定代詞不定代詞 指示代詞指示代詞 疑問代詞疑問代詞 第1頁/共49頁人稱代詞 數(shù) 單數(shù) 復(fù)數(shù)人稱 一 二 三 一 二 三主格 I you he she it we you they賓格 me you him her it us your them第2頁/共49頁1.1.人稱代詞作主語時用主格，作賓語時用賓格 They all like him very much. 他們都很喜歡他他們都很喜歡他。 She gave the books to you and me. 這些書是她送給你和我的。這些書是她送給你和我的。第

2、3頁/共49頁2.2.人稱代詞在作表語時，用賓格人稱代詞在作表語時，用賓格 Whos knocking at the door? Its me. 誰敲門？誰敲門？- -是我。是我。 3. 3. 人稱代詞在并列使用時的順序為人稱代詞在并列使用時的順序為 “第二人稱，第三人稱，第一人稱第二人稱，第三人稱，第一人稱” You, she and I all enjoy the music. 你我她都喜歡音樂。你我她都喜歡音樂。第4頁/共49頁4.she可以用來代表國家、船只、大地、月亮等 We love our motherland, we hope shell be stronger and big

3、ger. 我們熱愛我們的祖國,我們希望她更強大。 The ship is leaving. Shes on her first trip to Boston. 輪船要起航了。這是她第一次去波士頓。第5頁/共49頁5.5.it作為人稱代詞時，可以表示天氣、作為人稱代詞時，可以表示天氣、距離、時間、環(huán)境等距離、時間、環(huán)境等 What the weather like today? Its windy. 今天的天氣怎么樣？今天的天氣怎么樣？- - 有風(fēng)。有風(fēng)。 Its about five minutes walk from home to school. 從家到學(xué)校的路程大約從家到學(xué)校的路程大約5

4、 5分鐘。分鐘。第6頁/共49頁6.6.it可作為形式主語，將不定式、動可作為形式主語，將不定式、動名詞等構(gòu)成的主語后移，使句子顯得名詞等構(gòu)成的主語后移，使句子顯得平穩(wěn)平穩(wěn) Its hard to reach the apples. 很難夠到蘋果。很難夠到蘋果。 Its good for you taking a walk after supper. 對你來說飯后散步是有好處的。對你來說飯后散步是有好處的。第7頁/共49頁物主代詞物主代詞 形容詞性形容詞性 名詞性名詞性 my mine your yours his his her hers its its our ours your your

5、s their theirs第8頁/共49頁1.1.形容詞性物主代詞在句中只能形容詞性物主代詞在句中只能作定語作定語 My brother is a worker. 我弟弟是個工人。我弟弟是個工人。 His parents are very friendly. . 他的父母非常友善。他的父母非常友善。第9頁/共49頁3.3.形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞的關(guān)系：詞的關(guān)系： 形容詞性物主代詞形容詞性物主代詞+名詞名詞=名詞性物主代詞名詞性物主代詞 注意：名詞性物主代詞在句中所指代的關(guān)注意：名詞性物主代詞在句中所指代的關(guān)系是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)。系是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)。These

6、 books arent ours. Ours are new. (our books = ours)This is not our room. Ours is over there. (our room = ours)第10頁/共49頁4.4.“of + +名詞性物主代詞名詞性物主代詞”表示所屬表示所屬 A sister of his is a nurse. 他的一個妹妹是個護士。他的一個妹妹是個護士。 Tom is a friend of mine 我的一個朋友我的一個朋友第11頁/共49頁反身代詞反身代詞 單數(shù)單數(shù) myself yourself himself herself itse

7、lf復(fù)數(shù)復(fù)數(shù) ourselves yourselves themselves第12頁/共49頁 第13頁/共49頁第14頁/共49頁不定代詞不定代詞 不是指明代替特定名詞（或形容詞）不是指明代替特定名詞（或形容詞）的代詞的代詞 all, each, every, both, either, neither none, one, little, few, many, much other, another, some, any, no 由由some, any, no, every 等構(gòu)成的合成等構(gòu)成的合成代詞代詞第15頁/共49頁幾組在用法上容易混淆的不定代詞幾組在用法上容易混淆的不定代詞 1.

8、1.some/any some（一些（一些, ,某）一般用于肯定句中某）一般用于肯定句中 There are some flowers in front of the house. any（一些（一些, ,任何）多用于疑問句和否定任何）多用于疑問句和否定句句 Do you have any picture-books?第16頁/共49頁注意：注意：somesome有時也可用于表示請求、征求有時也可用于表示請求、征求意見的疑問句中意見的疑問句中 Would you like some meat? 你想要些肉嗎？你想要些肉嗎？ May I ask some questions? 我可以問問題嗎？我

9、可以問問題嗎？ Could I have some apples? 我可以吃蘋果嗎？我可以吃蘋果嗎？ Will you give me some water? 你能給我些水嗎？你能給我些水嗎？第17頁/共49頁2. 2. many/much many 修飾或指代復(fù)數(shù)名詞修飾或指代復(fù)數(shù)名詞 There are many eggs in the basket. Many of us like playing games. much 修飾或指代不可數(shù)名詞修飾或指代不可數(shù)名詞 He doesnt know much English.第18頁/共49頁第19頁/共49頁4. the other/othe

10、rs/the others4. the other/others/the others the other the other 1. 特指兩個中的另一個特指兩個中的另一個 He has two sons. One is a worker, the other is a doctor. 2. 修飾名詞，特指另一個、另一些修飾名詞，特指另一個、另一些 Tom likes swimming, and the other boys in his class like swimming, too.第20頁/共49頁others泛指其他的人或物泛指其他的人或物 He often helps others.

11、 Some are playing basketball, others are playing football.the others 特指確定范圍內(nèi)剩下的全部人特指確定范圍內(nèi)剩下的全部人或物或物 There are fifty students in our class. Twenty of them are girls, the others are boys.第21頁/共49頁5.5.few/a few/little/a little few/a few 修飾可數(shù)名詞修飾可數(shù)名詞 little/a little 修飾不可數(shù)名詞修飾不可數(shù)名詞 few, little 表示否定意義表示否定

12、意義, , 譯為譯為“沒沒有幾個有幾個”，“沒有多少沒有多少” a few, a little 表示肯定意義表示肯定意義, , 譯譯為為“有幾個有幾個”，“有一點有一點” 第22頁/共49頁 6.every/each6.every/each every單數(shù)名詞單數(shù)名詞, ,表示表示“每一個每一個”, ,強調(diào)共強調(diào)共性、整體性、整體, ,只作定語只作定語, ,形式上為單數(shù)形式上為單數(shù). .不與不與of 連用連用 Every child likes playing games. each 表示表示“每一個每一個”, ,強調(diào)個性強調(diào)個性, ,作定語主作定語主語、賓語和同位語語、賓語和同位語, ,常與

13、常與of 連用連用 Each student was asked to try again. Each of them has a nice skirt.第23頁/共49頁 7.7.all/none all “( (全部全部) )都都”, ,表示三者或三者以上，作同表示三者或三者以上，作同位語時位語時, ,一般放在連系動詞、助動詞之后一般放在連系動詞、助動詞之后, ,行為行為動詞之前動詞之前 We are all from Canada. They all like English. none “沒有沒有”, ,表示三者或三者以上都不表示三者或三者以上都不, ,后常跟介詞后常跟介詞of（謂語動

14、詞單、復(fù)數(shù)均可）（謂語動詞單、復(fù)數(shù)均可） None of us is/are afraid of dogs.第24頁/共49頁 8.8.both/either/neither both “（兩者）都（兩者）都”, ,作主語時看作復(fù)數(shù)；作主語時看作復(fù)數(shù)；作定語時后跟名詞復(fù)數(shù)作定語時后跟名詞復(fù)數(shù) My parents are both teachers. =Both of my parents are teachers. neither “( (兩者兩者) )都不都不”, ,含有否定意義，含有否定意義，作主語時謂語用第三人稱單數(shù)作主語時謂語用第三人稱單數(shù); ; 作定語時后跟作定語時后跟名詞單數(shù)名詞

15、單數(shù) Neither answer is right. 第25頁/共49頁 either “兩者中任何一個兩者中任何一個”, ,作主語時作主語時謂語用第三人稱單數(shù)謂語用第三人稱單數(shù); ; 作定語時后跟名詞作定語時后跟名詞單數(shù)單數(shù) There are trees on either side of the street. = There are trees on both sides of the street.第26頁/共49頁有關(guān)詞組及應(yīng)用有關(guān)詞組及應(yīng)用 both of/either of/neither of Both of them swim well. 他們倆都游得很好。他們倆都游得很

16、好。 Either of you goes to Beijing. 你們倆隨便誰去北京都可以。你們倆隨便誰去北京都可以。 Neither of them stopped to have a rest. 他們倆誰都不停下來休息。他們倆誰都不停下來休息。第27頁/共49頁bothandbothand（謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式）（謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式） eitheror/neithernor( (謂語動謂語動詞遵循就近原則詞遵循就近原則) ) Both Tom and Lucy are in Grade Two. Tom 和和 Lucy 都在二年級。都在二年級。 Either my father or my

17、 mother cooks at home. 或者我爸爸或者我媽媽在家燒飯?；蛘呶野职只蛘呶覌寢屧诩覠?。 Neither he nor I am free today. 我和他今天都沒空。我和他今天都沒空。第28頁/共49頁 9.9.Something/anything/nothing Somebody/anybody/nobody當(dāng)形容詞修飾這些不定代詞時，常后置當(dāng)形容詞修飾這些不定代詞時，常后置 I have something important to tell you. Is there anything else in the box? Nobody can answer the

18、question. .第29頁/共49頁指示代詞指示代詞 表示空間和時間遠(yuǎn)近關(guān)系的代詞表示空間和時間遠(yuǎn)近關(guān)系的代詞 包括包括: :this/that (單數(shù)單數(shù)) these/those (復(fù)數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)) 1. this,these指在方位上較近的人或物指在方位上較近的人或物 that,those指在方位上較遠(yuǎn)的人或物指在方位上較遠(yuǎn)的人或物 This is my shirt, thats yours. These TVs are made in China, those are made in Japan.第30頁/共49頁2.2.that,those常指前面提過的東西常指前面提過的東西, ,以以

19、免重復(fù)免重復(fù) * *These boxes are heavier than those on the desk. 3. 3.剛才提到的事情，在英文中用剛才提到的事情，在英文中用that * *He was ill yesterday. Im sorry to hear that.第31頁/共49頁疑問代詞疑問代詞 用來構(gòu)成特殊疑問句的代詞用來構(gòu)成特殊疑問句的代詞 常見有：常見有：who whom whose what which 通常做主語通常做主語 賓語賓語 定語定語 表語表語 What makes you think like that ? 做做主語主語 Who(Whom) were y

20、ou talking with? 做做賓語賓語 第32頁/共49頁Which bus do I need? 做定語做定語 Whats your father? 做表語做表語 注意：注意：在口語中，在口語中，Who和和Whom通用，通用， 但在介詞后只能用但在介詞后只能用Whom With whom did he play games? With who did he play games?(錯錯)第33頁/共49頁(2008年廣東省汕頭市)一Is that _dog? No ._is whiteAhis；His Bher；Itis Che；His Dher；Her中考考什么?D第34頁/共49

21、頁 (重慶市2008年) We like Mr. Green because he often tells _ funny stories in class. A. we B. us C. our D. ours第35頁/共49頁 (重慶市2008年) When shall we go to the museum, this afternoon or tomorrow morning? _ is OK. Im free these days. A. Both B. All C. EitherD. Neither第36頁/共49頁 (2008年天津市) Is_here?No, John and

22、Bob have asked for leave. A. nobody B. anybody C. somebody D. everybody第37頁/共49頁Try it out( )1 Is this your football, boys? No, it is not _ A. yours B. our C. mine D. ours( )2 The bird builds _ nest in the tree. A. her B. its C. its D. hers( )3 The maths problem _ is wrong. A. himself B. he C. itsel

23、f D. herself第38頁/共49頁( )4 _ want to see the film. A Every student B Each student C All of students D All the students( )5 A lot of people have tried, but _ have succeeded. A. the few B. a few C. few D. little( ) 6 _ of the four roads will take you to the hospital. A. Both B. Neither C. Any D. Either

24、第39頁/共49頁( )7 I have five pencils, one is red, _ is blue and _ are green. A. another, the other B. the other, others C. others, the others D. another, the others( ) 8 I have found _ on the Internet. A. a few informations B. a little informations C. a few information D. a little information第40頁/共49頁(

25、 ) 9 I have Chemistry classes _ day, Monday, Wednesday and Friday. A. each other B. every other C. this and other D. all other( )10 - _ is the man under the tree? - Jims father. A. When B. What C. Where D. Who第41頁/共49頁第42頁/共49頁 11. This stick is _. A. him B. he C. his12. He is always ready to help _

26、. A. another B. the other C. others13. _ is Jacks aunt. A. He B. She C. It14. She sent several cards to _ of her friends. A. some B. any C. no15. _ subjects do you have this term? A. Which B. Whose C. What16. _ of them has a computer. A. Each B. Every C. All17. Can your brother look after _? A. hims

27、elf B. him C. his第43頁/共49頁1.8 Which of _ bikes is yours? A. this B. that C. these19. _ are good friends. A. You, he and I B. She, you and I C. I, you and he20. She hasnt brought _ pen today. Will you lend her _? A. her, your B. hers, yours C. her, yours21. Very _ of them knew the hotel. A. few B. li

28、ttle C. a few22. The jacket is too short. Please show me _. A. other B. another C. one23. Some city people grow vegetables _. A. herself B. himself C. themselves第44頁/共49頁用恰當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空。用恰當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空。1. I am a student. _ name is Lily. I often teach _ English.2. Tom is too young. Please look after _. 3. He is four

29、teen. _ name is Tom. This book is _. He can look after _.4. Well go fishing later. Would you like to come with _?5. Looking at the boys. _ are playing games. _ names are Mike and Bill. They enjoy _. My myself himHis his himself us They Their themselves第45頁/共49頁 寫作：（計15分）下面是汶川地震中的一張照片。它記錄了一個叫郎錚的三歲男孩在地震十小時后被解放軍從廢墟(debris)