doing用法大全

1、The ing form as the Subject and ObjectGrammarHave you ever seen these signs?parking, spitting, littering, smoking-ing forms1. 動詞動詞-ing形式的構(gòu)成形式的構(gòu)成: 是在動詞末尾加是在動詞末尾加-ing 形式構(gòu)成形式構(gòu)成, 因此又叫動詞的因此又叫動詞的 -ing 形式。形式。如如: do-doing, be-being, ask-asking, etc.否定形式否定形式: not+ -ing 構(gòu)成構(gòu)成2. 動詞動詞-ing形式不能單獨作謂語形式不能單獨作謂語, 沒有人稱

2、和沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化數(shù)的變化, 但可以有時態(tài)和語態(tài)的變化但可以有時態(tài)和語態(tài)的變化,如如having done, being done。3. 動詞動詞-ing形式由動詞加形式由動詞加-ing變化而成變化而成, 它同時具有名詞和動詞的特征它同時具有名詞和動詞的特征, 在句中可以在句中可以作主語、賓語、表語、賓補(bǔ)、狀語等。作主語、賓語、表語、賓補(bǔ)、狀語等。一、動詞一、動詞-ing形式作主語形式作主語 表示經(jīng)常的、習(xí)慣性的動作或狀態(tài)表示經(jīng)常的、習(xí)慣性的動作或狀態(tài), 謂語動詞通常用單數(shù)。謂語動詞通常用單數(shù)。如：如： 對年輕人和老年人來講對年輕人和老年人來講, 走路是一種很好的鍛煉。走路是一種很好的鍛煉。

3、Walking is a good form of exercise for both young and old.在電視上看新聞已經(jīng)成了我的一種日常習(xí)慣在電視上看新聞已經(jīng)成了我的一種日常習(xí)慣Watching news on TV has become a routine（日常習(xí)（日常習(xí)慣）慣）for me.乘火車去杭州要乘火車去杭州要16個小時。個小時。Going to Hangzhou by train takes about 16 hours.在我們國家問一個女人的年齡是不禮貌的。在我們國家問一個女人的年齡是不禮貌的。 Asking a womans age is impolite in

4、 our country.一個英語句子是由主謂賓構(gòu)成的。通常情況下，主語和賓一個英語句子是由主謂賓構(gòu)成的。通常情況下，主語和賓語通常是由名稱或代詞充當(dāng)?shù)?。?dāng)主語和賓語變成了動語通常是由名稱或代詞充當(dāng)?shù)?。?dāng)主語和賓語變成了動詞詞,用法是用法是主動的必須用主動的必須用doing,被動的必須用被動的必須用being done . 也可用也可用ones doing 或或ones being done .否定否定時時not必須放在必須放在doing 之前。之前。1)_ is a good form of exercise for both young and old. The walk B. Walki

5、ng C. To walk D. Walk 2.I find _more tomatoes does good to peoples health.A.to eat B. eating C. eat D. eatenBB2)._ made the student_ interest in his studies.Being punished, to lose B. Published, loseC. Being punished, lose D. Having been punished, lost3. -What made you upset?-_ her new bicycle. As s

6、he lost B. Lost C. Losing D. Because of losing 4._ to sunlight for too much time will do harm to ones skin. Exposed B. Having exposedA.C. Being exposed D. After being exposedCCC5._the meeting himself gave them a great deal of encouragement. The president will attend B. The president to attend C. The

7、 president attended D. The presidents attending 6._the homework made his father lose his temper.temper. The boys not having done B. The boy not having done C. The boys having not done D. The boy having not doneDA2. -ing形式作主語時常后置形式作主語時常后置, 此時須用此時須用it作形式主語作形式主語, 用形用形容詞或名詞作表語。常見的名詞或名詞短語有容詞或名詞作表語。常見的名詞或

8、名詞短語有: no use, no good, fun, a hard / difficult job, a waste of time等等; 形容詞有形容詞有: dangerous, worthwhile, useless等。如等。如:為這件事找借口是沒有用的。為這件事找借口是沒有用的。Its no use making an excuse for this.談?wù)撨@樣無用的事情簡直是浪費時間。談?wù)撨@樣無用的事情簡直是浪費時間。Its a waste of time talking about such a useless thing.有風(fēng)的天氣在海里游泳是危險的。有風(fēng)的天氣在海里游泳是危險的

9、。Its dangerous swimming in the sea on windy days.這個問題值得討論。這個問題值得討論。It is worthwhile discussing the question.3. 在在there be結(jié)構(gòu)中作主語結(jié)構(gòu)中作主語,構(gòu)成構(gòu)成“There is/was no doing-” 這種結(jié)構(gòu)的意思相當(dāng)于這種結(jié)構(gòu)的意思相當(dāng)于“It is impossible to do ”。如：。如：There is no hiding of evil but not to do it若要人不知若要人不知, 除非己莫為。除非己莫為。Here is no joking a

10、bout such matter.這種事開不得玩笑。這種事開不得玩笑。There was no knowing when he would leave. 無法知道他什么時候離開無法知道他什么時候離開.注意：注意： 動名詞與不定式做主語時的比較：動名詞與不定式做主語時的比較：動名詞表示的動作通常是一個泛指的動作動名詞表示的動作通常是一個泛指的動作, 不定式則通常不定式則通常表示具體的動作。表示具體的動作。如：如：集郵是一種樂趣。集郵是一種樂趣。Collecting stamps is a pleasure.我很榮幸被邀請參加這個晚會。我很榮幸被邀請參加這個晚會。 Its an honor for

11、 me to be invited to the party歸納歸納: 常用常用-ing形式作主語的句型有：形式作主語的句型有：It +be +a waste of time doing 做做是浪費時間的是浪費時間的It is/was no good/use doing 做做是沒用處的是沒用處的It is/was hardly/scarcely worth doing 做做不值得不值得It is/was worth/worthwhile doing 做做是值得的是值得的There is no doing- 無法無法There is no sense in doing 做做沒有道理沒有道理The

12、re is/was no use doing 干干無意義無意義 There is/was nothing worse than doing 沒有比沒有比更糟的更糟的There is/was no point doing 干干無意義無意義注意注意: There is no need to do sth 干干沒必要沒必要, 在此句式中在此句式中to do不可換為不可換為doing.沒有必要告訴她。沒有必要告訴她。There is no need to tell her. 提示提示: 當(dāng)動名詞用作主語時當(dāng)動名詞用作主語時, 其邏輯主語由其邏輯主語由形容詞性物主代詞和名詞所有格構(gòu)成。形容詞性物主代詞和

13、名詞所有格構(gòu)成。我姐姐病了我姐姐病了, 使我很擔(dān)心。使我很擔(dān)心。My sisters being ill made me worried.你正確未必就意味著我錯了。你正確未必就意味著我錯了。 Your being right doesnt necessarily mean my being wrong. 二、動名詞用作賓語二、動名詞用作賓語 只能后接只能后接doing作賓語的動詞作賓語的動詞: 考慮建議盼原諒考慮建議盼原諒 承認(rèn)推遲沒得想承認(rèn)推遲沒得想 避免錯過繼續(xù)練避免錯過繼續(xù)練 否認(rèn)完成就欣賞否認(rèn)完成就欣賞 禁止想象才冒險禁止想象才冒險 不禁介意準(zhǔn)逃亡不禁介意準(zhǔn)逃亡 consider, s

14、uggest/ advise, look forward to , excuse/pardon, admit, delay/put off, fancy, avoid, miss, keep/keep on, practice, deny, finish, enjoy/ appreciate, forbid, imagine, risk, cant help, mind, allow/permit, escape.1. 此外，此外， be used to, lead to, devote to , go back to, stick to, object to, get down to, pa

15、y attention to, cant stand, give up, feel like, insist on, thank you for, apologize for, be busy (in),順便記一下：順便記一下：下列動詞只接下列動詞只接to do做賓語：做賓語：決心學(xué)會想希望，決心學(xué)會想希望， 拒絕設(shè)法愿假裝；拒絕設(shè)法愿假裝；主動答應(yīng)選計劃，同意請求幫一幫。主動答應(yīng)選計劃，同意請求幫一幫。decide/determine, learn, want, expect/hope/wish, refuse, manage, care, pretend, offer, promise,

16、choose, plan, agree, beg, helphave some difficulty/ trouble (in), have a good/ wonderful/ hard time (in), spend/waste time (in),等動等動詞詞組也要用動名詞做賓語。詞詞組也要用動名詞做賓語。We must try to avoid _(repeat) the same mistakeHave you considered _(look) for one special friend?Do you feel like_ (have) a walk with me afte

17、r supper? People couldnt help _(laugh) funny manThe squirrel was so lucky that it just missed _(catch).I can hardly imagine Peter _(sail) across the Atlantic.I would appreciate your _(call) tonight.The discovery of the new evidence led to the thief _(catch).repeatinglookinghavinglaughingbeing caught

18、sailingcallingbeing caught 動名詞可與介詞一起構(gòu)成介詞短語。動名詞可與介詞一起構(gòu)成介詞短語。A. 介詞介詞+動名詞動名詞, 如：如：我們得想些法子改變?nèi)藗兊牧?xí)慣。我們得想些法子改變?nèi)藗兊牧?xí)慣。Weve got to think of ways of changing peoples habits. 我向你道歉我向你道歉, 剛才對你那樣生氣。剛才對你那樣生氣。I apologize for being so angry with you.離開幾年之后再回到你的家鄉(xiāng)離開幾年之后再回到你的家鄉(xiāng), 感覺有點怪。感覺有點怪。After being away for severa

19、l years, it is a strange experience to return to the hometown.B. 動詞動詞+介詞介詞+動名詞動名詞, 如：如：我堅持為這次出行帶足需要的食物。我堅持為這次出行帶足需要的食物。 I insist on taking enough food for this trip同學(xué)們臉上沒有笑容同學(xué)們臉上沒有笑容, 相反都做了怪臉。相反都做了怪臉。Instead of smiling, each of them made a face她對為我們公司工作很感興趣。她對為我們公司工作很感興趣。She was very interested in w

20、orking for our company我喜歡釣魚和旅游。我喜歡釣魚和旅游。I am fond of fishing as well as traveling.下列短語中的下列短語中的to都是介詞都是介詞, 所以后面跟名詞或所以后面跟名詞或-ing形式形式: devote to, object to, pay attention to, get down to, lead to, look forward to, stick to,be used to等。等。但是，介詞但是，介詞but, except, besides后要連用后要連用to do sth.,而而且這三個詞前出現(xiàn)且這三個詞前出

21、現(xiàn)do 的任何形式還要省略的任何形式還要省略to.我沒有選擇只好放棄。我沒有選擇只好放棄。I had no choice but to give up.I could do nothing but give up.2.存在既可接動名詞又可接不定式作賓語的動詞存在既可接動名詞又可接不定式作賓語的動詞, 常見的常見的有有: begin, start, continue, intend, like, love, prefer, hate, mean, forget，remember, regret, go on, try 等。等。1).在在like, love, hate, prefer等動詞之后，

22、用等動詞之后，用-ing或不定或不定式意義上沒有什么不同式意義上沒有什么不同, 只是側(cè)重點有些不同只是側(cè)重點有些不同, 動名詞動名詞表示泛指的動作表示泛指的動作, 不定式表示具體的一次性動作。不定式表示具體的一次性動作。我喜歡游泳，但我不喜歡今天去游泳，因為天氣太涼。我喜歡游泳，但我不喜歡今天去游泳，因為天氣太涼。I like swimming, but I dont like to swim today, for it is too cool.2). 在在begin/start, continue, intend之后之后, 用動名詞和用動名詞和不定式不定式, 意義無甚區(qū)別意義無甚區(qū)別, 尤其

23、是當(dāng)主語是人的時候。尤其是當(dāng)主語是人的時候。 3). 在動詞在動詞forget, remember, regret之后之后, 用動名詞與不用動名詞與不定式意義不同。動名詞表示動作先于謂語發(fā)生定式意義不同。動名詞表示動作先于謂語發(fā)生,不定式表不定式表示后于謂語動作示后于謂語動作, 如：如：我記得我已把信寄了。我記得我已把信寄了。I remember posting the letter我會記著去寄信的。我會記著去寄信的。Ill remember to post the letter我永遠(yuǎn)不會忘記見到過那位著名作家。我永遠(yuǎn)不會忘記見到過那位著名作家。 I shall never forget se

24、eing the famous writer我遺憾地通知你我們不能聘用你。我遺憾地通知你我們不能聘用你。I regret to inform you that we are unable to employ you.不要忘了給你母親寫信。不要忘了給你母親寫信。 Dont forget to write to your mother我真后悔沒趕上那次報告會。我真后悔沒趕上那次報告會。I regret missing the report我遺憾地告訴你我不能接受你的建議。我遺憾地告訴你我不能接受你的建議。 I regret to say I cant take your advice1.-Robe

25、rt is indeed a wise man.-Oh, yes. How often I have regretted _ his advice!to take B. taking C. not to take D. not taking2.When asked by the police, he said that he remembered _ at the party, but not _.to arrive; leaving B. to arrive; to leaveC. arriving; leaving D. arriving; to leaveDCgo on doing 繼續(xù)

26、做原來做的事繼續(xù)做原來做的事go on to do 接著做另一件事接著做另一件事 mean doing 意味著要做某事意味著要做某事mean to do 想要做某事想要做某事 stop doing 停止做某事停止做某事stop to do 停下來開始停下來開始 做做(別的事別的事)4). 在在try, mean, stop, go on, cant help, be used之后之后, 意義各不相同意義各不相同:try doing 試著做某事試著做某事try to do 努力做某事努力做某事be used to doing 習(xí)慣于做某事習(xí)慣于做某事 be used to do 被用來做某事被用

27、來做某事cant help doing 禁不住做某事禁不住做某事cant help to do 不能幫助做某事不能幫助做某事我們必須設(shè)法及時把一切搞好。我們必須設(shè)法及時把一切搞好。 We must try to get everything done in time我們用別的方法做這工作試試。我們用別的方法做這工作試試。 Lets try doing the work in some other way我并不想叫你生氣。我并不想叫你生氣。I didnt mean to make you angry你的計劃意味著要花費幾個小時。你的計劃意味著要花費幾個小時。 Your plan would me

28、an spending hours請接著做這同一個練習(xí)。請接著做這同一個練習(xí)。Please go on doing the same exercise請做另外一個練習(xí)。請做另外一個練習(xí)。Please go on to do the other exercise我們停止了交談。我們停止了交談。We stopped talking我們停了下來去談話。我們停了下來去談話。We stopped to talk1. Lets have a rest Not nowI dont want to stop _ yet. A. study B. to study C. for studying D. stud

29、ying2. Let me tell you something about the journalists Dont you remember _ me the story yesterday? A. told B. telling C. to tell D. to have told3. What made you so upset? _ two tickets to the pop music concert. A. Losing B. Because of losing C. To lose D. Because I had lost 4. I cant imagine _ that

30、with them. A. do B. to do C. being done D. doingB D AD made me upset.3. He got well-prepared for the job interview, for he couldnt risk _the good opportunity. A. to lose B. losing C. to be lost D. being lost 4. _ is forbidden inside the park. A. To cycle B. We cycle C. Anyone cycles D. Cycling 5. I

31、cant stand _ with Jane in the same office. She just refuses _ talking while she works. A. working; stopping B. to work; stopping C. working; to stop D. to work; to stop 6. The old lady needs _. A. look after B. to look after C. looking after D. being looked afterBDCC7. I still remember_ to the Famen

32、 Temple and what I saw there. To take B. to be taken C. taking D. being taken 8.-They are quiet, arent they? -Yes. They are accustomed_ at meals. To talk B. to not talk C. to talking D. to not talking 9. Isnt it time you go down to _the papers? Mark B. be marked C. being marked D. marking 10.its nec

33、essary to be prepared for a job interview._ the answers ready will be of great help. To have had B. having had C. have D. havingA.11. Susan wants to be independent of her parents. She tried_ alone, but she didnt like it and moved back home. Living B. to live C. to be living D. having lived 12. -is t

34、here any possibility of the film_ in Paris International Festival? - Not in the least, because audience generally think little of it. Trying out B. tried out C. to try out D. being tried out 13. - we didnt find the Blacks _the lecture. -no one of had told them about_ a lecture the following day. To

35、attend, there to be B. attending, there being C. attended, there be D. attend, there was 14. My mother really cant understand_ the cat likes that. A. You treat B. you to treat C. why treat D. you treating14.Some schools in Shanghai have moved one step closer to_ with the global education community.

36、Being connected B. connect C. Having been connected D. be connected 15. He suggested me_ the teacher for help. To ask B. should ask C. asking D. would ask 16. upon_ home, he made a telephone call to me. He arrived B. arrived C. arriving D. to arrive 17.- do you know why they practise_ basketball eve

37、ry school? -they practise_ in the basketball match of our school. playing, to join B. playing, joiningA.C. To play. To join D. to play, joining18. I would appreciate_ back this afternoon. You to call B. you call C. your calling D. you are calling 19. The man insisted_ a taxi for me even though I told him I lived nearby. Find B. to find C. on finding D. in finding 20. -I must apologize for_ ahead of time. -that is all right. Letting you not know B. not letting you know C. Letting you know not D. letting not you k