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1、2011托福(toefl)考試 托??谡Z(yǔ) 托福聽(tīng)力 托福閱讀 托福寫作(4)新托??谡Z(yǔ)備考:獨(dú)立口語(yǔ)第一二題模板新托福獨(dú)立口語(yǔ)一二題備考策略當(dāng)口語(yǔ)基礎(chǔ)打好了,能力有了,那么就是一些應(yīng)試技巧的辦法,應(yīng)試技巧只是幫助你更好的發(fā)揮你的能力,而很少有人能夠僅僅通過(guò)應(yīng)試技巧拿到高分。獨(dú)立考試第一、二題:這部分口語(yǔ)考試被稱為獨(dú)立考試,主要是考試的內(nèi)容可以由考生自由發(fā)揮。口語(yǔ)第一題 task 1考試形式:陳述時(shí)間:45s準(zhǔn)備時(shí)間:15s, 可以列提綱話題:一件重要的事情,一次喜愛(ài)的活動(dòng),一個(gè)對(duì)自己有影響的人?要求: 詳細(xì)描述;給出理由-(要對(duì)題目做出全面的回答-細(xì)節(jié)描述或事例)?tips:熟悉話題-準(zhǔn)備段子
2、背段子?關(guān)于例子-不要列舉過(guò)多例子?答案沒(méi)有對(duì)錯(cuò)之分?這道題是一定要經(jīng)過(guò)準(zhǔn)備的,因?yàn)樗疾榈念}目范圍并不是日常生活的話題,即使是熟練使用英語(yǔ)的美國(guó)人,如果沒(méi)有經(jīng)過(guò)準(zhǔn)備,在15s之內(nèi)也很難準(zhǔn)備出來(lái)一個(gè)邏輯清楚,有理有據(jù)的論述。很多人拿到口語(yǔ)第一題大腦一片空白,中文思維都沒(méi)有,何況英文呢,其實(shí)這個(gè)也是一個(gè)積累的過(guò)程??谡Z(yǔ)和作文的準(zhǔn)備有時(shí)有一種相似性,所以可以一起準(zhǔn)備,當(dāng)看多了范文范例,慢慢去感悟,自然也就有自己的例子和套路。 第一題的內(nèi)容大多會(huì)讓你談?wù)撘恍┠阆矚g的人,一些特殊的物品,一些特殊的事件和一些特定的地點(diǎn), 答案并不一定要真實(shí),但是一定要有理有據(jù)。 托??荚囍皇钦Z(yǔ)言考試,不是面試,所以剛開(kāi)
3、始準(zhǔn)備的同學(xué)一定要把思路放開(kāi)。這道題一般可以通過(guò)機(jī)經(jīng)來(lái)進(jìn)行準(zhǔn)備,如果擔(dān)心不夠的話,可以參考口語(yǔ)黃金80題,前四十道題基本概括了這些口語(yǔ)內(nèi)容,同學(xué)們也可以看看各種口語(yǔ)例子集,根據(jù)這些資料總結(jié)出自己的模版和例子。口語(yǔ)第二題 task 2考試形式:陳述時(shí)間:45s準(zhǔn)備時(shí)間:15s話題:更喜歡的行為,情景或觀點(diǎn);或認(rèn)為哪種更合理(涉及話題:與學(xué)生的日常生活和興趣愛(ài)好息息相關(guān)的)要求:說(shuō)明觀點(diǎn),解釋原因(理由,解釋,細(xì)節(jié)和事例)tips:一定要對(duì)問(wèn)題的各個(gè)部分做出全面的回答一定要對(duì)自己的觀點(diǎn)十分清楚-必須先清楚說(shuō)明認(rèn)同哪一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)一定要給出做出某個(gè)選擇的相應(yīng)理由-理由必須支持觀點(diǎn)答案沒(méi)有對(duì)錯(cuò)之分這道題也是
4、獨(dú)立口語(yǔ),相對(duì)第一題來(lái)說(shuō),這道題要容易一些,因?yàn)樗粫?huì)涉及很寬泛的范圍,通常是讓同學(xué)們從題目中二選一,表達(dá)自己的觀點(diǎn)。這道題的題目類型和作文題庫(kù)185非常的相似,所以也會(huì)有考生建議用185作為參考,其實(shí)和第一題一樣,主要以重點(diǎn)機(jī)經(jīng)的題目為主,可以借助口語(yǔ)黃金80題??谡Z(yǔ)第二題的題目類型越來(lái)越傾向于獨(dú)立作文185題庫(kù),所以同學(xué)們也可以參考185范文或者網(wǎng)上的例子模版,構(gòu)建自己的例子和模版。備考獨(dú)立口語(yǔ)時(shí)的15秒怎么利用首先強(qiáng)調(diào)的一點(diǎn)是,獨(dú)立口語(yǔ)是一定要經(jīng)過(guò)準(zhǔn)備的,也就是說(shuō),在看到題目的時(shí)候,同學(xué)們不能再花費(fèi)時(shí)間考慮題目怎么展開(kāi),而是應(yīng)該馬上就有思路,然后記下來(lái)你想說(shuō)的提綱內(nèi)容(應(yīng)該也是背好的)。
5、 15秒的時(shí)間,主要記錄提綱,至于開(kāi)頭結(jié)尾的論述,一定要在備考的時(shí)候就非常的熟練。舉個(gè)例子:題目:100年內(nèi)哪個(gè)發(fā)明發(fā)現(xiàn)最有用15秒筆記:1. get a large amount of information2. decrease pollution - paper, ink3. provide entertainment - games, chat回答范例:as far as i am concerned, internet is the most useful tool. first of all, we get a large amount of information from it
6、. equally important reason is that it decreases pollution, for we wont use paper and ink any more, thus, less trees will be cut down and less river will be polluted. however, these are not the only two reasons. internet also provides entertainment such as online games and chat. therefore, in conclus
7、ion, i consider internet is the most useful tool.同學(xué)們可以根據(jù)上述的文章備考托福獨(dú)立口語(yǔ)第一題和口語(yǔ)第二題新托福口語(yǔ)備考:綜合口語(yǔ)第三題模版新托??谡Z(yǔ)考試備考及模版之綜合口語(yǔ)第三題,這部分的考試是基于閱讀和聽(tīng)力的基礎(chǔ)。具體介紹如下:形式:閱讀+聽(tīng)力+應(yīng)答閱讀:時(shí)間: 40秒至45秒閱讀內(nèi)容:校園生活話題 (75至100words)(大學(xué)的政策,規(guī)定或者辦事程序,大學(xué)的計(jì)劃,校園設(shè)施或校園內(nèi)生活質(zhì)量)聽(tīng)力:時(shí)間:60s至80s內(nèi)容:話題同閱讀,說(shuō)話者會(huì)針對(duì)相關(guān)話題持鮮明觀點(diǎn),觀點(diǎn)分支持反對(duì)兩種作答:依據(jù)閱讀和聽(tīng)力材料說(shuō)明學(xué)生的觀點(diǎn)和學(xué)生所給出的理
8、由,考生不需要說(shuō)明自己的觀點(diǎn)!考察的關(guān)系:閱讀和聽(tīng)力中綜合信息的能力:聽(tīng)力必然和閱讀相關(guān);答題必須與聽(tīng)力相關(guān),必須清楚聽(tīng)力和閱讀之間的關(guān)系時(shí)間: 準(zhǔn)備時(shí)間:30s;陳述時(shí)間:60stips: 注意邏輯組織:ogp216:開(kāi)始可以表明說(shuō)話者的觀點(diǎn) agree or disagree,然后陳述理由。回答盡可能完整。備考tips:1、閱讀的時(shí)候要注意記錄主題和支撐的觀點(diǎn)2、聽(tīng)力的部分主要記清楚主要人物的觀點(diǎn),以及他支持或反對(duì)的理由3、結(jié)構(gòu)一定要清楚,要用計(jì)時(shí)軟件,多鍛煉幾次才能在規(guī)定時(shí)間內(nèi)把要點(diǎn)說(shuō)全說(shuō)清楚。備考模版:注:模版只是參考,請(qǐng)同學(xué)們自己總結(jié)1、“the school has impleme
9、nted a new policy thatdue toand the man/woman holds a positive/negative view towards the announcement.the first reason s/he gives is thatand the second one is based on the fact that2、from the reading material, we know that (the college) is going toobviously, the man/woman in the conversation thinks
10、that this is a great/bad idea, due to the following reasons.。one reason is that another is(萬(wàn)一有時(shí)間)so thats all the reasons s/he has to form that opinion. (盡量記,聽(tīng)為主)3、the man/womans opinion about sth is that(選擇方案型:聽(tīng)選擇的原因。1.firstly, the man/woman states that.2.and then he/she states that。(提出建議型:聽(tīng)建議的利弊。1
11、.firstly, the man/woman talks about the positive aspect of this issue. he/she states that.2.on the other hand, the man/man also talks about the negative aspect of this question. he/she points out that。)4、閱讀引用部分的模版(1) in the readingmaterial,(2) there is a/anannouncement/message/notice/proposal about
12、*(填入記下的關(guān)鍵詞)(3) the university/college is going to*(稍稍展開(kāi)下)(4) in the listeningmaterial, two students discussabout the*(填入關(guān)鍵詞)聽(tīng)力中人物表達(dá)觀點(diǎn)的模版:(1) the man/woman is against/supporting the*(2) he or she feels unhappy/less satisfied about*(3) he or she thinks the* is unfair/inconvenient/unaffordable for the
13、following reasons:(4) the man/womans opinion about sth is that。理由展開(kāi)部分的模版:(1) first, he thinks/says* ; also, he points out that*(2) firstly, the man/woman states that。; and then he/she states that。(3)支持+反對(duì)firstly, the man/woman talks about the positive aspect of this issue. he/she states that.on the
14、other hand, the man/man also talks about the negative aspect of this question. he/she points out that。5、范例:看og的范例回答bus service elimination plannedimportant points(字?jǐn)?shù)102)the university plans to eliminate the bus service because it is too expensive to run and too few students use it. (一句話概括閱讀材料的內(nèi)容)the
15、 man disagrees with the university plan. (談話人態(tài)度)he believes the reason few students take the bus is that the route goes to neighborhoods where students do not live. if the routes were changed, many more students would ride the bus. (兩句話講談話人的第一個(gè)觀點(diǎn):校車路線。注意改路線的建議是采用虛擬語(yǔ)氣來(lái)表述的)the man disagrees with the w
16、ay the university plans to use the money it saves on the bus service. building more parking lots on campus will encourage more students to drive on campus. this would increase noise and traffic on campus.(談話人第二個(gè)觀點(diǎn):增加停車場(chǎng)。首先講談話人觀點(diǎn):disagree with the way然后將后果1后果2)“范例:og的范例回答,字?jǐn)?shù)147the man in the scene sa
17、id he wanted to keep the bus service for the better being of students on campus, because there is some students who can not afford the car, therefore they use the free bus service even though it isnt that much. the problem with bus service right now is going through wrong neighbour where it is too e
18、xpensive for students to live, so what they should do is just change the course of bus. and that will take of the problem. also, they should encourage more students to use the bus service instead of discourage them. or () if they us the money that they use for bus service to increase the space of th
19、e parking lot for the students, which will add to the noise of the campus and will be more congested for all the people who already parking over there.自我測(cè)評(píng)標(biāo)準(zhǔn): self-assessment checklist:1. i noted the main points of the reading passage.2. i noted the main points of the listening passage.3. i read the
20、 question carefully.4. i used careful planning to outline my response.5. i began with an overall topic statement.6. i used strong supporting ideas.7. i used transitions to connect the supporting ideas.新托??谡Z(yǔ)備考:綜合口語(yǔ)第四題答題模版新托福口語(yǔ)考試備考和模版之綜合口語(yǔ)第四題 ,這部分的考試是基于閱讀和聽(tīng)力的基礎(chǔ),具體介紹如下:形式:閱讀+聽(tīng)力+應(yīng)答閱讀:時(shí)間: (沒(méi)有寫,但是估計(jì)也是40到4
21、5s)內(nèi)容:學(xué)術(shù)類短文(75到100words)-材料相對(duì)籠統(tǒng)抽象(生命科學(xué)、社會(huì)科學(xué)、自然科學(xué)和人文科學(xué))聽(tīng)力:時(shí)間:沒(méi)有寫內(nèi)容:與閱讀相關(guān)聯(lián), (擴(kuò)展事例,舉反例或運(yùn)用閱讀概念)作答:根據(jù)短文和講座中的信息并且對(duì)其中的關(guān)鍵信息進(jìn)行整合及加工。就是說(shuō):閱讀可能給一些很深?yuàn)W的名詞或者概念,然后聽(tīng)力講座時(shí)會(huì)針對(duì)這些概念做出解釋,模擬的就是課堂的真實(shí)情況,閱讀好比教材,講座好比上課。所以要注意聽(tīng)出來(lái)二者之間的關(guān)系,然后作答時(shí)間:準(zhǔn)備時(shí)間:30s陳述時(shí)間:60s備考tips:1、閱讀一篇短文。用文中的主要觀點(diǎn)勾勒出文章的梗概,使用梗概對(duì)短文。2、閱讀文章時(shí)主要要記錄題目,因?yàn)轭}目一般就是主要內(nèi)容的概
22、括,然后閱讀并記錄重點(diǎn)。3、聽(tīng)力中要注意教授是怎么解釋學(xué)術(shù)概念的,注意例證。lecture題型其實(shí)只要求在閱讀預(yù)見(jiàn)內(nèi)容的前提下復(fù)述講話框架。4、進(jìn)行口頭總結(jié)。然后在梗概中加入細(xì)節(jié),并再次總結(jié)??谡Z(yǔ)體現(xiàn)的閱讀和聽(tīng)力的主要重點(diǎn),不要太關(guān)注細(xì)節(jié)。5、用計(jì)時(shí)軟件進(jìn)行訓(xùn)練,因?yàn)楫?dāng)閱讀和聽(tīng)力都聽(tīng)懂的情況下,同學(xué)們很有可能什么都想說(shuō)最后導(dǎo)致什么都沒(méi)說(shuō)清楚也沒(méi)說(shuō)完,那么利用計(jì)時(shí)軟件訓(xùn)練,就會(huì)避免這種現(xiàn)象。6、合理分配時(shí)間,仔細(xì)審題,參考筆記,考慮如何表達(dá)7、筆記記錄內(nèi)容取舍很有彈性,下面兩者取其一:(1)對(duì)數(shù)字敏感的記錄數(shù)字及準(zhǔn)確的相關(guān)含義,用以占據(jù)篇幅,避免連貫性動(dòng)作描述。(2)記錄連貫性動(dòng)作描述,避免具體
23、數(shù)字及準(zhǔn)確的相關(guān)含義的表述。reading passage: 主要記下抽象的詞,和具體的定義;原理,和具體原理的內(nèi)容等。帶著一個(gè)“概念是什么,現(xiàn)象是什么”的問(wèn)題用35秒看完短文,然后用10s的時(shí)間,用2句話總結(jié)出短文所介紹的概念或現(xiàn)象(盡量用短文中的詞匯)listening passage: 聽(tīng)段子的時(shí)候,帶著“老師用什么例子來(lái)進(jìn)行說(shuō)明”這個(gè)問(wèn)題去聽(tīng)。要聽(tīng)結(jié)構(gòu)(1+2),還要聽(tīng)例子中涉及到的3個(gè)基本要素(實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)象,實(shí)驗(yàn)過(guò)程,實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果)。其中,實(shí)驗(yàn)過(guò)程要詳細(xì)。注意這些和抽象的定義和原理的掛鉤。聽(tīng)力材料的前兩句話,老師會(huì)給出所聽(tīng)內(nèi)容的概括性介紹。再結(jié)合閱讀給出的概念。再聽(tīng)舉例說(shuō)明。其方法通常是舉出
24、擴(kuò)展事例,舉反例或是短文中概念的實(shí)際應(yīng)用。8、本題題型細(xì)分為兩種題型:a、二元正負(fù)類:閱讀材料中的關(guān)鍵句之一有兩個(gè)對(duì)稱并列的概念性詞語(yǔ)(切記:通常是動(dòng)詞!)(1)在閱讀材料中找到兩個(gè)關(guān)鍵詞,聽(tīng)力材料必然圍繞這兩個(gè)關(guān)鍵詞展開(kāi)。(2)在聽(tīng)力中迅速判斷兩大關(guān)鍵詞的正負(fù)性質(zhì)。(3)根據(jù)兩大關(guān)鍵詞的正負(fù)性展開(kāi)相關(guān)內(nèi)容。b、描述舉例類:閱讀材料中的關(guān)鍵句之一對(duì)文章題目進(jìn)行描述,如果不是定義句,此關(guān)鍵句經(jīng)常在定義句附近。(1)閱讀時(shí)記下描述性的關(guān)鍵句,如果臨近定義句,同時(shí)記下定義句。(2)聽(tīng)到并記下舉例內(nèi)容,特別是與關(guān)鍵句匹配的信息。(3)根據(jù)具體例子反推驗(yàn)證關(guān)鍵句,如閱讀時(shí)未確定,則在聽(tīng)力中迅速判斷,從兩
25、句中選中一句。備考模版:1. topic sentence: the professor talks about the theory that。supporting details: he/she gives one/two examples to illustrate/explain such a point.(接下來(lái)陳述實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)象,實(shí)驗(yàn)過(guò)程,實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果)。2、(1)類型:the reading passage: definitionlistening passage: examples, study, research模版:the reading passagegives the defin
26、ition of(關(guān)鍵的抽象詞)。 xxx is(定義的內(nèi)容)in the listening passage,the professor goes on to demonstrate it by introducing some researches / examples.this first is(最后一句注意掛鉤)the second is(同樣掛鉤)(2)類型:the reading passage: the phenomenon / the problem/the process /somefunctions/some featureslistening passage: resea
27、rch, analysis.。.模版:the reading passage describes the phenomenon / the problem/the process /somefunctions/somefeatures(關(guān)鍵的抽象詞)。 xxx is(定義的內(nèi)容)in the listening passage, the professor goes on to demonstrates it by introducing some researches/analysesthis first is(最后一句注意掛鉤)the second is(同樣掛鉤)(3)類型:the re
28、ading passage:a conception held by/the principle/ theapplication/the cause/the effectlistening passage: specific aspects模版:the reading passage introduces a conception held by/the principle/ theapplication/the cause/theeffectin the listeningpassage argues/indicates several specific aspects ofthe firs
29、t* isthe second * is(4)類型the reading passage: *listening passage: examples, study, research模版一:the reading passage introduces the definition/ phenomenon/ problem/ process /somefunctions/some features/ principle/ application/ cause/ effect of(關(guān)鍵的抽象詞)。 xxx is(定義的內(nèi)容)in the listening passage, the profes
30、sor continues to demonstrate it by providing someresearches/examples.this first is(最后一句注意掛鉤)the second is(同樣掛鉤)模版二:from the reading material, we know that(關(guān)鍵術(shù)語(yǔ),定義)to demonstrate it, the speaker provides two examples/reasons/researches. one example is thatanother example is that。.so the suggestion is
31、 that(5)整體模版:“in the lecture, the professor mainly talked about the theory that 。. 。 to reinforce the theory, theprofessor gave two reasons in his speech. the first one is that 。 the other one is that 。 andthats the two reasons the speaker presented to explain his idea.(the conclusion is optional)”例
32、如:the dead seain this set of materials, the reading part describes the abody of water, and listening part providesadditional information about the body of water.the reading part describes the body of water named the dead sea. this body of water is said to be“dead” because its high salt level prevent
33、s life in it. its so salty for the reason that its landlocked withno outlet, and its in an area with a high temperaturem this causes rapid evaporation.the listening part makes an additional point about the dead sea. the new point says that the deadsea isnt actually a sea. a sea is a body of water th
34、ats part of the ocean or opens into the ocean,while a lake is a body that;s entirely enclosed. the dead sea has no outlet and is therefore a lake.自我測(cè)評(píng)標(biāo)準(zhǔn):self-assessment checklist:1. i noted the main points of the reading passage.2. i noted the main points of the listening passage.3. i read the quest
35、ion carefully.4. i used careful planning to outline my response.5. i began with an overall topic statement.6. i used strong supporting ideas.7. i used transitions to connect the supporting ideas.新托??谡Z(yǔ)備考:綜合口語(yǔ)第五題及模版新托??谡Z(yǔ)考試備考及模版之綜合口語(yǔ)第五題主要考察同學(xué)們對(duì)于校園生活的適應(yīng)能力,具體介紹如下:形式:聽(tīng)力+作答聽(tīng)力時(shí)間:60s到90s內(nèi)容:有關(guān)校園場(chǎng)景的對(duì)話人物包括:兩個(gè)學(xué)生
36、;一個(gè)學(xué)生一個(gè)教授;一個(gè)學(xué)生和一個(gè)校管理人員問(wèn)題包括:安排上的沖突,請(qǐng)假,搜尋資料,學(xué)生選舉,手頭拮據(jù)等話題安排:同時(shí)涉及兩個(gè)人必須想出一個(gè)共同的解決方案, 涉及一方說(shuō)出問(wèn)題,另外一方或雙方同時(shí)想出兩個(gè)解決方案作答:1、描述對(duì)話中所討論的問(wèn)題2、說(shuō)出自己偏向哪一個(gè)解決方案3、解釋為什么喜歡那個(gè)解決方案解釋時(shí)可以引用對(duì)話中的信息,也可以加入自己的經(jīng)歷(注意重點(diǎn)是對(duì)話中那人遇到的問(wèn)題)時(shí)間:準(zhǔn)備時(shí)間: 20s答題時(shí)間: 60s備考tips:1、該題往往會(huì)背要求作為拿分的項(xiàng)目,也是綜合口語(yǔ)部分唯一一個(gè)允許有個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)的題目。所以在聽(tīng)力中,一定要記錄好那個(gè)學(xué)生的問(wèn)題和解決的方案。2、聽(tīng):聽(tīng)力時(shí)要注意:對(duì)
37、話中描述的問(wèn)題/沖突是什么如果解決問(wèn)題(2個(gè)解決方案)你覺(jué)得哪種方案好,為什么problem往往不是單純的,而是復(fù)雜矛盾的,分幾個(gè)回合說(shuō)完。3、答題邏輯:problem+2 solutions+preference+whysolutions針對(duì)problem不同層面提出,注意提煉中心句。關(guān)切性的話可以略去。答題時(shí)在復(fù)述問(wèn)題和解決方法后,一定要給出自己的建議,想不出來(lái)就選擇一個(gè)s提出的方案或把s提出的各種辦法按照輕重緩急排序,形式上不可缺少!一定要說(shuō) “the man/woman offers her/him two(or three) solutions.”this is to ensure
38、that you get all the solutions even if you cant finish you answer in time, so the examiner will still give you a good score.4、時(shí)間分配:the optimal time allotment is: 10 seconds for the problem, 17 seconds for each solution, and 10 seconds for your choice and why,and about 6 seconds pausing throughout yo
39、ur answer.5、問(wèn)題不用聽(tīng)!每次都一樣!省下10-15秒整理筆記。問(wèn)題:“briefly describe the problem that was discussed in the conversation and to state which of the two solutions you prefer, and finally to explain why you prefer that solution”。6、建議的句型:you can, you should, youd rather, why not, who dont youthere is a possibilityi
40、s it possiblehave you ever though aboutanother thing you can do isyou need toif i were you, id rather7、要用計(jì)時(shí)軟件進(jìn)行訓(xùn)練,最好給自己的建議留出15秒鐘時(shí)間。模版:1、in the conversation, the man/women has a problem with his/herschedue/report/essay /study(聽(tīng)得時(shí)候判斷到底是哪方面的問(wèn)題)he or she couldnt get/check out/afford *(問(wèn)題具體化)he/she needs
41、 to*the woman/man/professor/officer gives him/her twosolutions/options(基本上是2個(gè)solution)the firstsolution/option is(概括,不用具體化)another suggestion the professor/woman gives is(概括,不用具體化)and i think the second choice is preferable for the following reasons:(自己的建議)first,the woman may confront the same probl
42、em in the future, itis better for her to handle it now and gain some helpful experiencesalso,i have once faced thesame situation as the woman does, and i*2、(1)the man/woman has a problem/situation, which is that.+but/however(如果有沖突的話)(2) the man/ woman gives two suggestion. suggestion one is suggesti
43、on two is。(3) if i were the man/woman, i would follow the first/second suggestion.或者是 in my opinion/as far as im concerned, the best thing for the man/woman to do is。(4) because i think每一個(gè)省略為2句話。3、in this conversation, the man/woman is having a hard time dealingwith the problem that 。 and the woman/
44、man offers him/ her two possible solutions. one is the other is 。 and if it were my choice, i would choose the former/latter one, because”4、in the conversation, the man/woman has a problem with his/her schedule/report/essay /study(聽(tīng)得時(shí)候判斷到底是哪方面的問(wèn)題)he or she couldnt get/check out/afford *(問(wèn)題具體化)he/she
45、 needs to*so, the woman/man/professor/officer offers him/her two solutions/optionsthe first solution/option is(概括,不用具體化)another suggestion the professor/woman gives is(概括,不用具體化)and from my point of view/as for me, the second choice is preferable for the following reasons/the best way to solve this p
46、roblem is :(自己的建議)first, the woman may confront the same problem in the future, its better for her to handle it now and gain some helpful experiences. also, i have once faced the same situation as the woman does, and i *(這么干的), it works well pretty well for me.5、the woman/man is facing the problem t
47、hat so the man/woman offers him/her two solutions. one is.another is。 well, to me, i prefer the first/second one. because (理由,常直接來(lái)自聽(tīng)力),(如果有時(shí)間),i was once faced with the similar trouble; i chose to(說(shuō)支持的具體選擇) and everything turned out to be all right.(記主要觀點(diǎn),要求發(fā)表自己觀點(diǎn))新托??谡Z(yǔ)備考:綜合口語(yǔ)第六題及模版新托??谡Z(yǔ)考試備考和模版之綜合口語(yǔ)
48、第六題主要模仿美國(guó)學(xué)校課堂情景,詳細(xì)介紹如下:形式:聽(tīng)力+作答聽(tīng)力:時(shí)間:60s到90s內(nèi)容:學(xué)術(shù)類題目:教授就某個(gè)學(xué)術(shù)問(wèn)題所作的講座的節(jié)選范圍:生命科學(xué)、社會(huì)科學(xué)、自然科學(xué)和人文科學(xué)組織形式:開(kāi)始:解釋概念、強(qiáng)調(diào)一個(gè)問(wèn)題或介紹一種現(xiàn)象;然后:討論重要的方面或相關(guān)觀點(diǎn);講座中會(huì)有說(shuō)明性的例子來(lái)解釋或闡明主要的概念或問(wèn)題作答:使用講座中的觀點(diǎn)和例子來(lái)說(shuō)明其中的主要概念和問(wèn)題時(shí)間:準(zhǔn)備時(shí)間:20s;答題時(shí)間:60s備考tips:1、邏輯組織:ogp2252、無(wú)需重復(fù)講座中的所有信息,3、就是說(shuō)要概括教授講的主要的問(wèn)題,框架和可以支撐的主要細(xì)節(jié)。捕捉每一層次中心句的能力非常重要。記錄要簡(jiǎn)要清晰,便于
49、復(fù)原。文章結(jié)束,可以考問(wèn)題整理筆記,問(wèn)題本身具有綱要性,特別當(dāng)聽(tīng)到數(shù)字時(shí)。邏輯順序:先會(huì)總結(jié)下要講的內(nèi)容(也就是會(huì)中心句),然后分為幾個(gè)層次講,做筆記的時(shí)候要注意層次清楚。4、本部分考試被認(rèn)為是最難的一個(gè)部分,因?yàn)殛P(guān)鍵學(xué)術(shù)語(yǔ)匯的聽(tīng)辨和記錄復(fù)述是答題的重要挑戰(zhàn)。因此在聽(tīng)力中一定要注意聽(tīng)懂講座在想說(shuō)明什么,重點(diǎn)在于抓住演講者的觀點(diǎn)和例子。5、本部分的備考套路大多為:現(xiàn)象-舉例式,概念-應(yīng)用式, 過(guò)程-作用式。因此在聽(tīng)力一開(kāi)始,迅速判斷聽(tīng)力屬于三個(gè)模式中的哪一種,這對(duì)于我們預(yù)測(cè)文章內(nèi)容并聽(tīng)懂內(nèi)容有很大的幫助,筆記也要按照這種模式相應(yīng)的展開(kāi)。模版:1、in the lecture, the profe
50、ssor discusses/argues/demonstrates * in several points/aspectsfirst, he says thatand he gives an example ofsecond, he mentioned thatand he shows some data/researchs aboutfinally, he discusses that2、(1)topic:the professor talks about(重要原理或概念)(2)point:the first point he/she raises isfor example。the se
51、cond point he/she mentions isfor example即:t+p|e+p|e以上就是對(duì)于托福口語(yǔ)考試綜合口語(yǔ)第六題的詳細(xì)介紹和模版,希望可以幫助同學(xué)們高效復(fù)習(xí).2010年新托福考試聽(tīng)力部分親歷備考全攻略內(nèi)容提要:對(duì)于新托福的聽(tīng)力而言,它更多地加入了美國(guó)大學(xué)校園生活對(duì)話和課堂講座的成分,更像是真正進(jìn)入美國(guó)大學(xué)之前的排練。這場(chǎng)排練雖然沒(méi)有硝煙,但卻給了我們一個(gè)提示:臨陣磨槍是不行的,只有修煉出真功夫,才能在排練中順利過(guò)關(guān),也才能為將來(lái)的留學(xué)打下堅(jiān)實(shí)的語(yǔ)言基礎(chǔ)。那么對(duì)于托福聽(tīng)力而言,怎樣的實(shí)力才算是真功夫?又怎樣去修煉一副聽(tīng)力鐵耳?下面從六個(gè)方面來(lái)談?wù)劼?tīng)力的完全突破。1.
52、summarysummary指的是“概述,大意”的意思,具體指的是我們?cè)诼?tīng)到一篇聽(tīng)力材料后所進(jìn)行的概括。這并不需要我們聽(tīng)懂材料的每一個(gè)細(xì)節(jié),但是要能夠抓住說(shuō)話人的思路和框架。這個(gè)訓(xùn)練對(duì)于托福聽(tīng)力至關(guān)重要,因?yàn)橥懈B?tīng)力,尤其是講座,并不需要我們聽(tīng)懂每一個(gè)細(xì)節(jié),更重要的是教授講課的思路和全文的重要細(xì)節(jié)。很多同學(xué)聽(tīng)完一篇聽(tīng)力材料時(shí),問(wèn)他聽(tīng)到了什么,他只能說(shuō)出一個(gè)又一個(gè)零散的單詞,這是遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不夠的。練習(xí)summary的方法很簡(jiǎn)單,就以托福聽(tīng)力的講座為材料,一邊聽(tīng)一邊記筆記,錄音結(jié)束,然后自己根據(jù)大腦的記憶和筆記進(jìn)行全文重點(diǎn)內(nèi)容的英文復(fù)述,然后再反復(fù),直到練到可以將一篇講座順暢的復(fù)述出來(lái)為止。這樣練上幾十
53、篇,你對(duì)把握聽(tīng)力材料整體的能力就會(huì)有極大的提高。2. dictationdictation,也就是聽(tīng)寫,它指的是將一篇聽(tīng)力錄音中的原文全部聽(tīng)抄下來(lái)。為什么要進(jìn)行聽(tīng)寫?因?yàn)樗锹?tīng)力提高最有效的方法。為什么聽(tīng)寫是聽(tīng)力提高最有效的方法?因?yàn)樗軐⒁粋€(gè)人聽(tīng)力中所有細(xì)枝末節(jié)的問(wèn)題都暴露出來(lái),然后訂正,全部解決掉,這樣自然最有效率,也最深刻。那么對(duì)于準(zhǔn)備托??荚嚨目忌裕詈玫穆?tīng)寫材料是什么?是老托的lecture。為什么老托的lecture是最好的聽(tīng)寫材料?因?yàn)樾峦惺抢贤械难永m(xù),老托和新托在題材、詞匯,和難度上都大致相當(dāng)。當(dāng)然,如果基礎(chǔ)比較薄弱的同學(xué),可以先花一個(gè)月的時(shí)間將新概念第二和第三冊(cè)的美英版先
54、聽(tīng)寫完,然后再來(lái)聽(tīng)寫老托的lecture,這樣會(huì)更加磨刀不誤砍柴功。3. intensive listeningintensive listening,指的是精聽(tīng)。我所說(shuō)的“精聽(tīng)”,并不只是指全神貫注地聽(tīng),當(dāng)然,這是必須的。我所說(shuō)的“精聽(tīng)”步驟如下:(1)一邊聽(tīng)一邊看著原文,手上拿著筆,劃出自己不認(rèn)識(shí)或似曾相識(shí)但反應(yīng)不過(guò)來(lái)的詞;(2)錄音結(jié)束,開(kāi)始查生詞,寫在原文的旁邊,只需要寫這個(gè)單詞在這篇文章的意思就可以;(3) 將這篇材料當(dāng)閱讀文章快速精讀一遍,徹底看懂;(4)再一邊看著原文,一邊放錄音,并且嘴上跟讀,反復(fù)幾遍,一直聽(tīng)到可以不看原文徹底聽(tīng)懂為止。精聽(tīng)的材料可以有很多,但我最推薦的是sss
55、(scientific americans sixty-second science),因?yàn)樗浅6蹋挥幸环昼?,但信息量很大,更重要的是,它是托福?tīng)力出題的重要來(lái)源。按照上面的步驟,將sss的2008年全集(總共 250篇)全部精聽(tīng)完,你的聽(tīng)覺(jué)反應(yīng)速度、聽(tīng)覺(jué)詞匯量,以及知識(shí)面都會(huì)質(zhì)的提高。4. high-quality extensive listeninghigh-quality extensive listening,指的是高質(zhì)量的泛聽(tīng)。泛聽(tīng)不用像精聽(tīng)那樣每個(gè)細(xì)節(jié)都得突破,只需要把握住整體的語(yǔ)流,聽(tīng)懂說(shuō)話人的大概意思就可以。而高質(zhì)量的泛聽(tīng),指的是必須全神貫注的聽(tīng)。泛聽(tīng)的“泛”并不指態(tài)度的
56、懶散,而是針對(duì)整體的要求。泛聽(tīng)最佳的材料有兩個(gè):一個(gè)是national geographic(國(guó)家地理),另一個(gè)是discovery(探索)??吹臅r(shí)候,一定要有英文字幕。每天看一集,養(yǎng)成習(xí)慣,會(huì)有極大收獲。5. challenging materialschallenging materials,意思是“有挑戰(zhàn)性的材料”,指的是備考托福聽(tīng)力,平時(shí)聽(tīng)力練習(xí)的最高難度一定要超越考試難度,這樣在考試的時(shí)候才會(huì)有居高臨下的感覺(jué),穩(wěn)定地取得好成績(jī)。挑戰(zhàn)性的材料有這么幾類:第一,美國(guó)大學(xué)上課的課堂錄像或錄音,現(xiàn)在很多美國(guó)大學(xué)已經(jīng)將自己大學(xué)的許多教授的課堂錄像放在了互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上,這是一個(gè)極佳的挑戰(zhàn)聽(tīng)力難度的材料
57、;第二,巴朗和kaplan上的試題,一定要做完。另外,如果覺(jué)得delta上的試題難度低,可以利用變速軟件加2 倍速來(lái)做,這樣就會(huì)超越考試難度。6. subconscious listening practicesubconscious listening practice,意思是“下意識(shí)的聽(tīng)力練習(xí)”,它指的是我們要自己為自己創(chuàng)造一個(gè)英文的環(huán)境,比如早晨一起床,我們就打開(kāi)音箱播放英語(yǔ),可以是托福的聽(tīng)力機(jī)經(jīng)材料,也可以是英文廣播,也可以是一部英文電影,whatever,只要是英文的就行,這樣做的好處是我們隨時(shí)都可以聽(tīng)到英語(yǔ),這樣會(huì)在潛移默化中加強(qiáng)我們對(duì)英語(yǔ)的敏感。結(jié)語(yǔ):以上就是聽(tīng)力突破的最重要的六個(gè)方法。唯有肯下工夫者,方能修得正果。新托福:ibt聽(tīng)力部分考試可操作性沖刺方略(一)六種題型易考點(diǎn)極其技巧點(diǎn)睛:所謂最大的技巧就是“反命題”,
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