Grammarmodule1unit3教案

1、人教課標人教課標 高一高一 必修必修 2 unit 31) 現(xiàn)在完成時現(xiàn)在完成時(have/has + 過去分詞過去分詞)現(xiàn)在完成時現(xiàn)在完成時的動作或情況雖然發(fā)生在過的動作或情況雖然發(fā)生在過去，但它強調(diào)的是與現(xiàn)在的關(guān)系，用來去，但它強調(diào)的是與現(xiàn)在的關(guān)系，用來說明現(xiàn)在的情況?，F(xiàn)在完成時不能與表說明現(xiàn)在的情況。現(xiàn)在完成時不能與表示確定的過去時間的狀語連用示確定的過去時間的狀語連用, 如如: yesterday, two weeks ago, in 1978, when i got there等等, 現(xiàn)在完成時常與現(xiàn)在完成時常與1. 兩種時態(tài)兩種時態(tài)already, always, often, e

2、ver, never, yet, not.yet, just等不表示明確的時間副詞等不表示明確的時間副詞連用連用, 還可以和表示時間一直延續(xù)到目還可以和表示時間一直延續(xù)到目前的帶前的帶since, for的狀語及包括現(xiàn)在在的狀語及包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)的詞連用。如內(nèi)的詞連用。如: now, today, this month, this year, recently, these few days等。等。不能用在現(xiàn)在完成進行時態(tài)的動詞，不能用在現(xiàn)在完成進行時態(tài)的動詞，如：如：be, have, like, love, know, believe, hate等。等。 一般過去時則是表示過去某時發(fā)一般過去時

3、則是表示過去某時發(fā)生的動作或情況生的動作或情況, 與現(xiàn)在毫無關(guān)系。與現(xiàn)在毫無關(guān)系。2) 現(xiàn)在完成進行時現(xiàn)在完成進行時 (have/has + been + 現(xiàn)現(xiàn) 在分詞在分詞)1) 一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài) (am/is/are + 過過 去分詞）去分詞） e.g. the work is done during two days.2) 一般過去時的被動語態(tài)一般過去時的被動語態(tài) (was/were + 過過去分詞）去分詞） e.g. he was sent to the hospital immediately after the accident.2. 七種被動語態(tài)形式七種被

4、動語態(tài)形式3) 一般將來時的被動語態(tài)一般將來時的被動語態(tài) (will/shall + be + 過去分詞過去分詞 或或+be going to + be + 過去分詞過去分詞) e.g. the work will be finished soon.4) 現(xiàn)在進行時的被動語態(tài)現(xiàn)在進行時的被動語態(tài) (is/am/are + being + 過去分詞過去分詞) e.g. the bridge is now being constructed.5) 現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài) (have/has +been + 過去分詞）過去分詞） e.g. the radio has been re

5、paired when we phoned the shop.6) 帶情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)帶情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài) (情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞 + be + 過去分詞過去分詞) e.g. this can be done in a few minutes.7) 動詞不定式的被動式動詞不定式的被動式 (to be + 過去分詞過去分詞) e.g. it is an honor for me to be asked to speak here. 現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài) e.g. 1. the dirty clothes have been washed. 臟衣服都已經(jīng)洗了。臟衣服都已經(jīng)洗了。

6、2. the plan has been studied by the experts for three times. 這項計劃已經(jīng)由專家研究過三次了。這項計劃已經(jīng)由專家研究過三次了。3. the child has been taken care of by grandma wang all these years. 這些年來這些年來, 這個小孩一直由王奶奶照料。這個小孩一直由王奶奶照料?，F(xiàn)在完成時被動態(tài)：現(xiàn)在完成時被動態(tài)：have / has + been + 動詞過去分詞動詞過去分詞現(xiàn)在完成進行時：現(xiàn)在完成進行時：have / has + been + 動詞現(xiàn)在分詞動詞現(xiàn)在分詞 它們的

7、構(gòu)成的區(qū)別在最后的動詞上它們的構(gòu)成的區(qū)別在最后的動詞上, 被動態(tài)接的是過去分詞形式被動態(tài)接的是過去分詞形式, 現(xiàn)在完成現(xiàn)在完成進行時接的是現(xiàn)在分詞形式。進行時接的是現(xiàn)在分詞形式。1. 主語是行為動作的承受者。主語是行為動作的承受者。e.g. the temple of zhang fei has been rebuilt. 張飛廟已經(jīng)過重建。張飛廟已經(jīng)過重建。2. 說話時已經(jīng)完成的動作或出現(xiàn)的結(jié)果。說話時已經(jīng)完成的動作或出現(xiàn)的結(jié)果。 e.g. the door has been locked. 門已經(jīng)被鎖上了。門已經(jīng)被鎖上了。3. 動作或狀態(tài)始于過去動作或狀態(tài)始于過去, 持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,

8、 并可并可 能持續(xù)下去。能持續(xù)下去。 e.g. he has been told about it for many times. 有人告訴他這事很多次了。有人告訴他這事很多次了。 （可能還會有人告訴他）（可能還會有人告訴他）（我或別人現(xiàn)在進不去）（我或別人現(xiàn)在進不去）4. 用在時間和條件狀語從句中用在時間和條件狀語從句中, 表示將來表示將來 某時已完成的動作。某時已完成的動作。 e.g. well start as soon as the work has been finished. 工作一完成我們就立即動身。工作一完成我們就立即動身。 1. 副詞的位置副詞的位置 often, usual

9、ly, always, never, hardly, seldom等副詞置于等副詞置于have/has和和been中間。中間。如如: 誤誤 such a man has been hardly believed. 正正 such a man has hardly been believed.2. 并不是所有動詞都有被動語態(tài)并不是所有動詞都有被動語態(tài) 1) 如：如：誤誤 great changes have been taken place in china since 1978.正正 great changes have taken place in china since 1978.2) 如

10、：如： 誤誤 the door has been opened of itself. 正正 the door has opened of itself.3. 短語動詞不可分割或省略其中的介詞短語動詞不可分割或省略其中的介詞 或副詞。如：或副詞。如： the sars patients have been taken good care of.4. 一些特殊動詞一些特殊動詞, 如如borrow, finish, begin, buy, start, return, marry, open, join等等 構(gòu)成的現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)不能與構(gòu)成的現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)不能與 表示一段時間的狀語連用。若

11、要表達表示一段時間的狀語連用。若要表達 相應(yīng)的意思，則需改換動詞或時態(tài)。相應(yīng)的意思，則需改換動詞或時態(tài)。 如：如： my brother has had (不能用不能用has bought) this bike for almost four years. how long has this book been bought? how long ago was this book bought?underline the use of the present perfect voice in the following poem. then fill in the chart below.lo

12、ok at the way your face has been washedlook at the way your hair has been combedlook at the way your shoes have been cleanedyoud better do them again.look at the way the flowers have been plantedlook at the way the grass has been cutlook at the way the paths have been swepti hope that youll come her

13、e again.the way the flowers have been plantedthe way the grass has been cutthe way the paths have been sweptthe way your face has been washedthe way your hair has been combedthe way your shoes have been cleanedread this poem aloud, paying attention to the rhythm and intonation. then write your own p

14、oem.look at the way _look at the way _look at the way _the table has been laidthe glasses have been placedthe food has been cookedyoud better do them again.possible poem:look at the way _look at the way _look at the way _your bed has been madeyour carpet has been sweptyour shoes have been tidiedi ho

15、pe that youll come here again.1. in the last few years thousands of films _ all over the world. (天津天津2011)a. have produced b. have been produced c. are producing d. are being produced從從a、b、c、d四個選項中，選四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。2. experiments of this kind _ in both the u.s. and europe well bef

16、ore the second world war. (北京北京2011)a. have conducted b. have been conducted c. had conducted d. had been conducted3. every year a flood of farmers arrive in shenzhen for the money-making jobs they _ before leaving their hometowns. (福建福建2010)a. promised b. were promised c. have promised d. have been

17、 promised4. his sister left home in 1998, and _ since. (2009全國卷全國卷i)a. had not been heard of b. has not been heard ofc. had not heard of d. has not heard of5. i like these english songs and they _ many times on the radio. (安徽安徽2008)a. taught b. have taught c. are taught d. have been taught6. though

18、we dont know what was discussed, yet we can feel the topic _. (陜西陜西2008)a. had changed b. will change c. was changed d. has been changed7. i got caught in the rain and my suit _. (北京北京2007)a. has ruined b. had ruined c. has been ruined d. had been ruined1. they have finished the construction of the new railway lines by now.the construction of the new railway lines has been finished by them by