高三英語englisharoundtheworld教案

1、2010屆高三一輪復(fù)習(xí)教案Unit2 English around the world 考綱要求： 考綱規(guī)定的考試范圍:重點單詞與短語closet; pronounce; broad; repeat; majority; total; equal; situation; trade; international; organization; government; tourism; communicate; exchange; service; signal; tidy; stand; independent; publish; expression; compare.； in total;

2、make oneself at home; except for; stay up; end up with; a great many; the number of; more and more.句型： Thanks Nancy. If you will excuse me now. will 表示意愿的用法With so many people communicating in English everyday,. “with+賓語+賓補(bǔ)”的結(jié)構(gòu)做狀語Can you tell me how to pronounce.? 帶連接副詞(或代詞)的不定式做賓補(bǔ)的用法At the same tim

3、e, British English and American English started borrowing words from other languages , ending up with different words. 動名詞做狀語表結(jié)果的用法。However, most of the time people dont have any difficulty in understanding each other.In only fifty years , English has developed into the language most widely spoken a

4、nd used in the world. Except for these differences in spelling, written English is more or less the same .3. 語法：Direct and Indirect Speech()祈使句(1)轉(zhuǎn)述他人的請求(2)轉(zhuǎn)述他人的命令 復(fù)習(xí)本章要達(dá)到的目標(biāo)1. 掌握majority; total; equal; situation; trade; exchange; compare.； in total; make oneself at home; except for; stay up; end up

5、 with; a great many; the number of; more and more.等重點單詞及短語的用法。2. 掌握will 表示意愿的用法；動名詞做狀語表結(jié)果的用法；分詞做定語的用法；祈使句轉(zhuǎn)述他人的請求和轉(zhuǎn)述他人的命令的用法；3. 對British English和American English之間的區(qū)別有一定的了解，能順利地進(jìn)行英語閱讀。教材知識歸納知識歸納1.Thanks Nancy. If you will excuse me now. will will 可以用來構(gòu)成將來時，這時will 不可以用于條件狀語從句中。但是will可以表示意愿這時可以用于條件狀語從句

6、中。2 / 16 If you will listen to me, you shall get a new bike. 如果你愿意聽我的話，你一定會得到一輛新自行車。注意：（1）will表示現(xiàn)在的意愿，would表示過去的意愿。I push the door hard, but it wont open. 我用力推門，但是門打不開。I warned him not to play in the street yesterday, but he wouldnt listen to me.我警告他不要在街道上玩耍，但是他不愿聽我的話。 （2）wont do 表示拒絕，不肯有擬人化的手法；dont

7、 do 表示客觀陳述。The radio I bought yesterday doesnt work now.( 客觀陳述)I have spent 5 hours repairing my radio, but it wont work.( 擬人化的手法)Dont get the ink on your clothes ;it wont wash out.( 擬人化的手法)2. Can you tell me how to pronounce.? “疑問詞+不定式”的功能：在句中可作主語、賓語、表語等成分。（1）作主語How to give advice in English is wha

8、t I am trying to learn. 我正在努力學(xué)習(xí)如何用英語提建議。（2）作賓語作動詞的賓語We have to start somewhere if we want to learn how to write plays. 我們要學(xué)習(xí)寫劇本，總得有個開頭。作介詞的賓語We had better learn to make the right choices about what and how we eat. 我們最好能學(xué)會正確選擇吃什么、怎么吃。(3)作表語My question is where to find the answer. 我的問題是在哪里能找到答案。3 . mo

9、st of the time people dont have any difficulty in understanding each other.have (some) difficulty (in) doing sth. 干某事有困難there is (some) difficulty (in) doing sth. have (some) difficulty with sth. 在某事上有困難 there is (some) difficulty with sth. do sth. with difficulty / without difficulty 困難地輕而易舉地做某事 We

10、 had a lot of difficulty in finding your house. Do you have any difficulty with your English? 注意:(1) 以上句型中，difficulty前可加some, little, much, a lot of, no, any修飾 (2) 以上句型中，亦可用trouble來代替difficulty。4. English has developed into the language most widely spoken and used in the world. most widely spoken an

11、d used in the world.過去分詞做定語的用法。可以轉(zhuǎn)化為定語從句that/which is most widely spoken and used in the world.(1)現(xiàn)在分詞作定語，表示主動和正在進(jìn)行的動作或現(xiàn)在的一種狀態(tài)。Who is the girl standing over there? 站在那邊的那個女孩是誰？standing over there現(xiàn)在分詞作后置定語，表示主動和正在進(jìn)行的動作。可以轉(zhuǎn)化為定語從句that is standing overWho is in charge of the sleeping child? 誰負(fù)責(zé)照料那個正在睡覺的

12、孩子？sleeping現(xiàn)在分詞作前置定語，表示主動和正在進(jìn)行的動作?？梢赞D(zhuǎn)化為定語從句that is sleeping Taiwan lying in the east of China is part of China.位于中國東部的臺灣是中國不可分割的以部分。lying in the east of China現(xiàn)在分詞作后置定語，表示主動和現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)。可以轉(zhuǎn)化為定語從句that/which lies in the east of China(2)過去分詞作定語表示被動和完成了的動作；有時只表示完成的動作不表示被動。The building built last year is a teac

13、hing building.去年建成的那個建筑物是一幢教學(xué)樓。built last year過去分詞作后置定語表示被動和完成了的動作?？梢赞D(zhuǎn)化為定語從句that/which was built last yearYou had better drink the boiled water.你最好和開水。boiled過去分詞作前置定語表示被動和完成了的動作The playground is covered with fallen leaves.操場上覆蓋著落葉。fallen過去分詞作前置定語表示完成了的動作，不表示被動。注意：(1)n. + being done; (2)n.+ to be don

14、e;(3) n.+ done 這三個結(jié)構(gòu)的區(qū)別(1)n. + being done 表示被動和正在進(jìn)行The building being built now will be used for the meeting room.正在建造的樓房將被用作會議室。(2)n.+ to be done表示被動和動作即將發(fā)生The meeting to be held tomorrow has been called off.原定明天舉行的會員已經(jīng)被取消了。(3) n.+ done 表示被動和動作已經(jīng)完成The tree cut down by the workers was 100 years old.

15、被工人們砍倒的那棵樹已經(jīng)有100年了。5. Except for these differences in spelling, written English is more or less the same .more or less 大約；差不多，幾乎That table is more or less two meters long. 那張桌子大約兩米長。Ive more or less finished the book. 我差不多已經(jīng)讀完這本書了。She could earn $200 a day，more or less. 她一天大約能掙200美元。注意：more or less是

16、一個固定結(jié)構(gòu)，or不可換成and。more or less可以修飾數(shù)詞，意為“大約”；還可修飾動詞、分詞、形容詞，意為“或多或少，差不多，幾乎”。通常放在系動詞、助動詞或情態(tài)動詞之后，或放在動詞之前，也可置于句末6. They also brought in some words from their own languagesbring in吸引，引入；請做，讓參加；提出（新法案）；賺得，掙He brought some humors in his speech.他在演講中引用了一些幽默。How much does she bring in every year？她每年掙多少錢？Expert

17、s were brought in to advise the government. 政府請來專家出謀劃策。相關(guān)歸納：(1)bring on端來；促進(jìn)地生長Your meal can be brought on along the belt in the future.在將來你的飯可以沿著傳送帶被端來。Enough sunlight has brought on the crops.充足的陽光促進(jìn)了莊稼的生長。(2)bring about導(dǎo)致；引起What brought about the change in his attitude towards the matter？是什么使他改變了

18、對這件事情的主意？(3)bring back把送回；歸還；使回憶起；恢復(fù)；重新使用The photographs brought back many of pleasant memories.照片給人帶來很多美好的回憶。(4)bring down打垮；擊??；降低；減少；（飛機(jī)）著陸；擊落We plan to bring down prices on all our computers.我們打算降低我們所有計算機(jī)的價格。The scandal may bring down the government.那件丑聞可能使政府垮臺。An enemy fighter was brought down.一

19、架敵機(jī)被擊落了(5)bring up 培養(yǎng)；使價格等上漲；嘔吐Her parents died when she was a baby and she was brought up by her aunt.她小時侯父母就去世了,是由她姑姑養(yǎng)大的。He brought out his lunch just now. 他剛剛把吃進(jìn)去的午飯吐出來了(6)bring out顯出；出版The hard training brought out the best in him.刻苦的訓(xùn)練使他表現(xiàn)地最好。New personal computers are brought out almost daily.

20、 幾乎每天都有個人計算機(jī)推出A new kind of magazine has been brought out of late.一種新的雜志最近被出版了。(7) bring together 促使(爭執(zhí)雙方)和解The loss of their son brought the parents together.雙方因失去兒子而言歸于好7. compare: 主要義項有：比較；相比派生詞: comparison n. 比較相關(guān)歸納：(1) compare.to. 比擬；比作Shakespeare compared the world to a stage.莎士比亞把世界比作一個舞臺。(2)

21、 compare. with. 將和相比較 Compare Johns answer with Henrys，which is better？把約翰和亨利兩人的答案比較一下，哪個更好？(3) compare with和相比較This house doesnt compare with our previous one.這房子比不上我們以前的。(4)compared to/with與比起來（常用作狀語，可位于句首或句末）Compared to/with many people，she was indeed lucky.和許多人比起來，她是幸運的。(5)in/by comparison with

22、與比起來In comparison with their house, ours is large and comfortable.8. At the same time, British English and American English started borrowing words from other languages , ending up with different words. ending up with different words 是現(xiàn)在分詞做狀語表結(jié)果的用法。European football is played in 80 countries, making

23、 it the most popular sport in the world.歐式足球在80個國家被踢，使它成為世界上最受歡迎的運動。His father died, leaving him a lot of money. 她非常生氣，把玩具扔在地上，把它摔成了碎片。She was so angry that she threw the toy on the ground, breaking it into pieces.注意：現(xiàn)在分詞做狀語表結(jié)果與不定式做狀語表結(jié)果的區(qū)別。 (1) 現(xiàn)在分詞做狀語表結(jié)果是指自然而然的想象中的結(jié)果,現(xiàn)在分詞前可加thusThe whale can eat a

24、 man in only a few minutes, thus leaving only bones. (2) 不定式做狀語表結(jié)果是指出人意料的結(jié)果，強(qiáng)調(diào)意想不到,不定式前可加onlyH e hurried to the station, only to find the train had left.他匆匆忙忙趕到車站結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)火車已經(jīng)離開了。He lifted a big stone only to drop it on his own feet.他搬起一塊大石頭結(jié)果砸了自己的腳。9. With so many people communicating in English every d

25、ay, it will become more and more important to have a good knowledge of English.with后面跟復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，即：with + 賓語 +prep./adj./ adv./ doing/ to do(表示要執(zhí)行的動作)/done（表示動作的完成及被動）常在句中作狀語，表示伴隨動作、行為方式及原因、條件或結(jié)果等情況。也可以做定語。其結(jié)構(gòu)如下：(1) with+名詞/代詞+現(xiàn)在分詞。其中現(xiàn)在分詞表主動或正在進(jìn)行的動作。He fell asleep with his radio still working. His hair be

26、came grey with the years passing.隨著時間的推移，他的頭發(fā)變花白了。The king came in, with all his servants following him.國王進(jìn)來了，身后跟著所有的仆人。(2) with+名詞/代詞+過去分詞。其中過去分詞表被動或完成了的動作。Tom stood for a moment with his hand still raised.With everything bought, he left the market.買完了所需要的東西之后，他離開了市場(3) with+名詞/代詞+不定式。其中不定式表示將要發(fā)生的動

27、作。With so much work to do, we cant kill any time by playing cards.With nothing to do, he went out for a walk .由于沒有什么事情可做，他便到外面散步(4)with+名詞/代詞+形容詞。The girl entered the room with her eyes full of tears.(5) with+名詞/代詞+介詞短語或副詞。The emperor walked in the street with nothing on.He left his room with the li

28、ght on. (adv.)他離開了房間，燈亮著10.He stayed up last night. stay up 的用法(1)不睡覺，熬夜The student stayed up all night to study.這個學(xué)生開夜車，學(xué)習(xí)了一整夜。Hs stayed up till midnight ,as is often the case with him.他熬夜到半夜，對他來說是常有的事。(2)不倒塌，不下沉Some strong houses stayed up in the earthquake.一些堅固的房屋在地震中沒有倒塌。Your life jacket will he

29、lp you to stay up if you fall out of the boat.如從船上掉下去，你的救生衣可以使你不沉入水中。11. How did it come about?come about（某事）發(fā)生I dont know how this thing came about.我不知道這事是怎樣發(fā)生的。Do you know how the phrase came about？你知道這個成語是怎樣產(chǎn)生的嗎？How did it come about that you didnt report this to us in good time？你怎么沒及時向我們報告？(1)co

30、me up with 找到，提出(答案、解決辦法)She came up with a new idea for increasing sales . 她想出了增加銷售量的新主意。(2)come across 碰上，偶然碰上，被理解，發(fā)現(xiàn)He spoke for a long time but his meaning didn't come across. 他講了很長時間，但他的意思沒有人真正理解。(3)come along 進(jìn)展，進(jìn)步，一道來(4)come down 下來，降低，下降，著陸 The price of petrol is coming down thanks to th

31、e increase of production. 由于產(chǎn)量的增加，石油的價格在下跌。(5) come true 實現(xiàn)(6)come over 過來，順便來訪Why don't come over t0 Beidaihe for a holiday in summer? 你怎么不在夏天到北戴河來度假呢?(7)come in 進(jìn)來(8) come to oneself 蘇醒，恢復(fù)知覺(9) come on 來吧，跟著來，趕快(10) come out 出來，出版，開花The crocuses came out late this year because of the cold weat

32、her.因為天氣寒冷，今年藏紅花開得晚。When will his new novel come out?他新創(chuàng)作的小說什么時候出版?(11) come up 被提出,被討論；(種子)發(fā)芽A number of questions came up at the meeting.會議上提出了許多問題。(12)come back 回來流行(13) come to 共計，達(dá)到，達(dá)成，恢復(fù)知覺，蘇醒It suddenly came to her that she had been wrong all along. 她突然想到她一開始就錯了。概念提示重點/熱點1：besides, except, exc

33、ept for, except that(1)except將一個或幾個人或物從同一類或普通的種類中除外，意為“除之外”，指“不包括”。其后可接名詞、代詞、副詞、介詞短語、動詞不定式或wh-從句。except 和 but 都表示“除了之外。沒有”，二者大多數(shù)情況下可以互換；但在no, all, nobody, nothing, no one 等詞后多用 but。(2)except for說明整個基本情況后，對細(xì)節(jié)加以糾正，后接名詞。(3)except that的用法基本同except for，但其后必須句子。它用來表示理由或細(xì)節(jié)，修下前面所說的情況。Everybody except John w

34、as able to answer the question.除了約翰之外,每個人都回答出了問題。The room is empty except for a broken chair. (前后的名詞不同類)這個房間空空的,只不過有把破椅子。I know nothing about him except that he is from Japan.我對他一無所知,只是知道他來自日本。She goes to school by bike except when it rains.她騎自行車去上學(xué),除了下雨時不騎。(4)besides:(prep.)“除之外還有”， besides意為“除之外，尚

35、有或外加”句中常含有more/another/else等暗示詞。Besides tennis, he also plays basketball and football.除了網(wǎng)球之外，他還打籃球和踢足球。 I have three other dictionaries besides this one.除了這本詞典，我還有三本別的詞典。 (5)in addition to除之外還有,等于besides做介詞的用法。In addition to French, he has to study Japanese.除了法語外,他還得學(xué)日語。（7)apart from：apart from:其含義主

36、要依據(jù)上下文而定，有時可與except換用，有時可代替besides. Apart from the coat, the hat doesn't suit me. 除價錢太貴，這帽子也不適合我戴。Apart from a few scratches, the car was undamaged. 除了幾處刮痕外，汽車沒有什么損壞注意：(1)besides: (adv.) 此外，而且I havent time to see the film-besides, its had dreadful reviews.我沒有時間去看這部影片，再說，影評也諸多貶斥。I am too busy to

37、go for a walk; besides, it is late.我太忙不去散步了，而且時候已晚了。(2)but 和except 做“除了”講時如果前面有do的適當(dāng)形式,but 和except后面的不定式不帶to；如果沒有do的適當(dāng)形式，but 和except后面的不定式帶to。He could do nothing except walk home.(except前若有實義動詞do,則后面接不帶to的不定式)他只好走著回家了=He had no choice but to walk home.( except前若沒有實義動詞do,則后面接帶to的不定式) (3) in addition=

38、besides此外，而且They eat a great deal of fruit in addition.他們還吃大量的水果。 I am too busy to go for a walk; in addition, it is late.我太忙不去散步了，而且時候已晚了。易混易錯點1： For a long time the language in America stayed the same, while the language in England changed. 長期以來，美國英語保持不變，但英國英語變化了。該句中的“while"用作并列連詞表示前后對比，意為 “然

39、而”。while 用法總結(jié)（1）用作并列連詞表示前后對比，意為 “然而”。 I like tea while she likes coffee. 我喜歡喝茶,而她喜歡喝咖啡。（2）用作從屬連詞引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句。意為“during the time that”或“and in the meantime/meanwhile”I'll take care of your children while you are away. 你不在時我會照顧你的孩子的。 (3) 用作從屬連詞。引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，意為“although While he is not a perfect man , I st

40、ill like him very much. 盡管他不是一個完美的人我還是很喜歡他。(4) 用作從屬連詞。引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句，意為as long as Where there is a will, there is a way.易混易錯點2：such as，that is，for example(1)such as用來列舉事物，常用在被列舉出的事物和前面表示總稱的名詞之間，但在所列舉的事物只是總稱中的事物的一部分，不能全部都列舉出來。I bought a lot of things in the supermarket, such as beer and fried fish.(2)如果需要把

41、前面總稱中的事物全部一一列舉出來，就要用that is或namely（即）。I have three good friends, namely= that is, Jack, Tom and John.(3)for example用于舉例說明前面的名詞，一般只列舉同類事物中的一個，其位置可在句首、句末或句中，需用逗號隔開。后面也可接句子，對前一句進(jìn)行說明和解釋。Many great men have risen from poverty, Lincoln and Edison, for example= for instance.講題組課內(nèi)題例與課后題：課內(nèi)題例1.Snow was falli

42、ng when they went along a mountain path _ to the front.A. to lead   B. led   C. leading    D. being led 變式1. They set up an _ table in a small temple to operate on the _ soldiers.A. operating ;wounded   B. Operated ;wounding   C. operated ;/woun

43、ded    D. operating ;wounding變式2. Betty, still _ excited, took away the box _ with birthday presents for her.A. looked; filledB. looked; fillingC. looking; filledD. looking; filling變式3. This is an early church, _ from the ninth century, which was rebuilt under the direction of San. Ca

44、rlo Borromeo.A. dated B. being dated C. dating D. dates變式4. The problem _ now must be kept secret A. being discussed B. discussed C. to be discussed D. having been discussed解析:1. 據(jù)題意提干前有一個名詞path，其后是介詞組to the front ，即要求一個現(xiàn)在分詞和to the front連成現(xiàn)在分詞短語修飾名詞path作定語，path名詞雖表示物不能使用過去分詞，是小路本身延伸到前線的，所以選。變式1.據(jù)題意在

45、第一個提干里應(yīng)使用動名詞作tale的名詞的定語，修飾table; 說明戰(zhàn)士是被槍擊傷的即受傷的士兵，表被動完成的動作，所以選。 變式2.look是系動詞沒有被動語態(tài)， Betty 與look 之間是主動關(guān)系所以要用現(xiàn)在分詞做定語。Wound與 soldiers之間是被動和動作已經(jīng)完成的關(guān)系所以要用過 去分詞做定語。變式3.church與 date from之間是主動關(guān)系，所以要用現(xiàn)在分詞做定語。變式4.the problem與discuss之間是被動和動作已經(jīng)完成的關(guān)系所以要用being discussed?？偨Y(jié)：通過對以上習(xí)題的分析可以知道分詞做定語的用法可以靈活設(shè)題是高考重要的考察點。2.

46、 With a lot of different problems _, the newly-elected president is having a hard time.A. settled B. settling C. to settle D. being settled變式1. _ time going on, the old mans friends died off.A. As B. With C. For D. As with變式2. _time went on, the old mans friends died off.A. As B. With C. For D. As w

47、ith變式3. The famous scientist died of heart attack _ the experiment left undone.A. with B. for C. because D. because of 解析: 該題考查with+名詞/代詞+不定式，其中不定式表示將要發(fā)生的動作。由此可知答案 C變式1. 該題考查with+名詞/代詞+現(xiàn)在分詞這一結(jié)構(gòu)中介詞with的運用。不能選as因為as要引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句。變式2. 該題考查as引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句 “as”可以譯為“隨著”變式3. 該題考查with+名詞/代詞+過去分詞這一結(jié)構(gòu)中介詞with的運用。該結(jié)構(gòu)在本句

48、中做狀語表示伴隨?？偨Y(jié)：通過對以上例題的分析可以知道對“with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)”的考查集中在兩個方面：一是考查賓補(bǔ)的適當(dāng)形式；二是考查介詞with。該知識點仍舊是命題的重點。3. The discussion, filled with arguments, lasted two days, _ no conclusion.A. reached B. would reach C. to reach D. reaching變式1.He went abroad in 1998,never _.A. returning B. to return C. returned D. having returned變

49、式2. The discussion, filled with arguments, lasted two days, with no conclusion_.A. reached B. would reach C. to reach D. reaching解析:2. B、C是謂語動詞，在此不可用。D項to make或表目的，或表“將要使得”，這都不合題干情景。只有A. making,可作狀語，表結(jié)果。D 變式1. 該句意思是“他在1998年出國了，結(jié)果再也沒有回來?！庇纱丝芍貌欢ㄊ阶鰻钫Z表結(jié)果，指出人意料的結(jié)果，強(qiáng)調(diào)意想不到。 變式2. 該題是考查“with+名詞/代詞+過去分詞”做狀語

50、表結(jié)果。Conclusion 與 reach 之間是被動關(guān)系，并且動作已經(jīng)發(fā)生?？偨Y(jié)：以上題例表明“現(xiàn)在分詞做狀語表結(jié)果與不定式做狀語表結(jié)果”的區(qū)別是一個很重要的知識點。結(jié)果發(fā)生的偶然性與否是掌握這一知識的關(guān)鍵。4. There was no one in the bus _ a dog.A. except B. besides C. but D. except for 變式1. The weather is bad; _，I have no money on me.A. except B. besides C. but D. except for變式2 Five more students

51、passed the exam_ Tom.A. in addition B. besides C. but D. except for變式3. the people on the list, many more people will attend the party.A. In addition to B. Except for C. But D. Except 解析：4. except for說明整個基本情況后，對細(xì)節(jié)加以糾正。 答案： D 變式1. besides可以做副詞意思是“ 此外，而且”表示并列關(guān)系。答案：B變式2. besides:(prep.)“除之外還有”， besides

52、意為“除之外，尚有或外加”句中常含有more/another/else等暗示詞。答案：B變式3. 該題意思是“除了名單上的人之外還有很多人要參加這次舞會”。in addition to除之外還有,等于besides做介詞的用法。答案：A總結(jié)：以上以上題例表明“besides, except, except for, except that”的區(qū)別是一個很重要的知識點在掌握該知識點時一定要體會出是指“排除”或是指“包含”等方面的用法。5You cant imagine what difficulty/trouble we had _ home in the snowstorm.A. walked

53、 B. walk C. to walk D. walking 變式1. Do you have any difficulty _ your work?A. in B. on C. with D. for變式2. Thank you for the trouble you have taken _ me with my English.A. to help B. helping C. help D helped 解析：5. we had _ home in the snowstorm 是定語從句, had 的賓語是省略的關(guān)系代詞，恢復(fù)后可以看出是考查“have (some) difficulty (in) doing sth.”這一知識點的。答案：D 變式1. 考查“have (some) difficulty with sth.” 這一知識點。答案：C變式2. you have taken _ me with my English是定語從句, have taken 的賓語是省略的關(guān)系代詞，恢復(fù)后可以看出是考查“take trouble to do sth.”這一知識點的。答案：A總結(jié)：通過對以上習(xí)題的分析可以知道與difficulty相關(guān)的短語的用法是高考重要的考