人教版八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法及練習(xí)題精選

1、人教版 ( 八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法及練習(xí)題精選八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)點(diǎn)總析一詞語(yǔ)鏈接1 translate v translation n translator n人pronouncev pronunciation nadvise v advice Un improve v improvement n breathev breath n2 correct vadj right wrong 3 repeatsay again 4writespell v writingspelling n5 base nv basic adj 6 remember-forgetshy-outgoing shy-sh

2、yershier-shyestshieststart-end deep - low反義詞7 start beginopen同義詞8 forget forgot -forgottenhear -heard -heard sendsent -sent9 other與 else 別的其它的else作形容詞時(shí)通常放在疑問代詞what 或 anything somethingnothing nobody等不定代詞之后 else作副詞時(shí)通常放在疑問副詞或anywhere 等不定副詞之后other 作形容詞通常放在被修飾的名詞之前other還可作代詞A 1 What else do you wantIs t

3、here anybody else in the room2 When else can I comeWould you like to go somewhere elseB Please come some other day 請(qǐng)改日再來 Do you want any othercolours10 each 與 everyeach 指兩者或多者強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)體情況既是代詞又是形容詞常作主語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)同位語(yǔ)等every 指三者或三者以上強(qiáng)調(diào)全體情況只是形容詞只作定語(yǔ)與all近義例 1Each of them has a bag with them主 2He gave one to each of ustw

4、o 賓3Each boy has a ball in their hands定 4They each have fourwheels同5Everystudenthas gone to the shop 定語(yǔ) Allof the studentshavegone to the shop注意 1 each和 every 作定語(yǔ)時(shí)后面名詞只用單數(shù)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)例35each作同位語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)和其前面的主語(yǔ)保持一致例42each of后面接帶 the 的復(fù)數(shù)名詞或復(fù)數(shù)賓格代詞謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)3every基數(shù)詞復(fù)數(shù)名詞或every 序數(shù)詞單數(shù)名詞表每隔 -的意思advice 不可數(shù)名詞可用名量詞短語(yǔ)修飾a p

5、iece of advice some piecesof advicegive sb some advice給某人提建議ask sb for some advice向某人征求建議二短語(yǔ)1match-with-_2translate-into-put-into-_ 3 write down_put down如果接名詞可放在后面或中間如果接代詞只能放在中間write down these wordswrite these words downwrite itthemdown4 each otherone another _ each other兩者之間one another多者之間LiLei an

6、d I often help each other They complain to one another5 enjoy oneselfhavea good nice wonderfultime_ 6 alltimealways_the7 borrow sth from sb_ lend sth to sb_ 8 pen friendpenpal_9 go with _ 10 watch seea film_ 11 write-to -_12 give sb some advice onabout doing sth_與 ask forsomeadvice onaboutdoing sth

7、_13do some concerts_14 help sb with sthhelp sb to dosth _15 makea mistake_ 16 send sb sthsendsth to sb_17 enjoy doing sth_ enjoy oneself doing sth _18 talk about sbsthwithsb _ 19 speak tosb_20 takeadeepbreath_21haveaconversationwithsb_22practisedoingsth_23 showtakesb around someplace_ 24 be good bad

8、for_ be good tosb _ be good at- _25 say hello to- _ 26theEnglish name for-_27 be good at與 do well inbe good at擅長(zhǎng)表示長(zhǎng)久性的愛好不能用于表具體的一次性的行為常用一般時(shí)do well in在某方面做得好可用于表長(zhǎng)久性也可用于一次性的行為可用各種時(shí)態(tài)例 He is good at singingHe does well in singingHe did very well in the sports meeting last year28 the number of - -的數(shù)量謂語(yǔ)用單

9、數(shù)形式a number of -許多的 -修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)形式例 The number of the students in our class is 52 A number of students are planting trees29intheorder_30forexample與suchas_31learn-from-_32 on the Internetradio_33in groups_ 34 makea study planfor-_35 think about _36 on the phone_ 37 advise sb not todo sth _38 look s

10、th up in the dictionary_ 39 invitesb to someplace_invite sb to an activity _ invite sb to do sth_ 40 leavesth someplace _ forget 與 leave忘記某物或忘記某事用 forget后可接名詞代詞不定式或動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)例 I forgot my English book and my mother forgot to remind提醒 methen把某物忘在某處用leave 常以 leave sth someplace形式出現(xiàn)例 I leave my English boo

11、k in the reading room三重點(diǎn)句式1 建議句式1 Would you like to go to the park with us用動(dòng)詞時(shí)用不定式 to do2 Would you please open the door for me用動(dòng)詞時(shí)用動(dòng)詞原形3 Could you give me a hand please用動(dòng)詞時(shí)用動(dòng)詞原形4 Shall we go to the park together用動(dòng)詞時(shí)用動(dòng)詞原形5 Why dont you write it down Why not write it down用動(dòng)詞時(shí)用動(dòng)詞原形6HowWhat about going

12、 swimming用動(dòng)詞時(shí)用動(dòng)名詞doing7I hope I can finish the work in an hour用動(dòng)詞時(shí)用動(dòng)詞原形8 Lets play football on the playground shall we用動(dòng)詞時(shí)用動(dòng)詞原形9 Youd better not go to the mountain today用動(dòng)詞時(shí)用動(dòng)詞原形10 Its better to wear warm clothes when you go out用動(dòng)詞時(shí)用不定式 to do11 Its a good idea to check your notebook every day用動(dòng)詞時(shí)用不定

13、式 to do12 You should always speak English in class用動(dòng)詞時(shí)用動(dòng)詞原形13 Try not to translate every word用動(dòng)詞不定式 not to do2 welcome sb to歡迎 某人 到 welcome sb back to歡迎 某人 回到例 Welcome you to Chinamy schoolmy home Welcome you back to ChinaschoolWelcome back homehere home here adv副詞前不用介詞3 Its a good idea to do sth做某事

14、是個(gè)好主意Thats a good idea Good idea好主意Its difficult to remember new words動(dòng)詞不定式做真正的主語(yǔ)4 Try not to translate every word動(dòng)詞不定式做 try的賓語(yǔ)tryto do sth doones best to do sth盡力做某事trynot to do sth盡量不做某事例 1 Try to work out this problem 2 We should try to study Englishwell3 We should try not to sleep in class5 Sb t

15、ake time to do sthIt takes sb代詞用賓格time todo sth某人花費(fèi)時(shí)間做某事后者中it做形式主語(yǔ)不定式做真正主語(yǔ)例 He takes half an hour to do his homework every eveningIt takes him half an hour to do his homework every evening6 advise sb not to do sth建議某人做某事例 She advised us not to look up every new words in the dictionary while doing re

16、adings7 The best way to learn English is speaking it as often as possible不定式做定語(yǔ)8 Do you find it easy to have a conversation in Englishit形式賓語(yǔ)不定式真正賓語(yǔ)9 What makes you shy形容詞做賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)10 Itssometimes hard to understand American and Britishaccents不定式做真正主語(yǔ)11 Tell him how to be a good student疑問詞動(dòng)詞不定式做賓語(yǔ)12 I le

17、ft my homework at homeleave sth someplace把某物忘在某處用 leave13 Remember to speak English all the time不定式形式做remember的賓語(yǔ)14Thisisagreatgoodwaytodosth不定式作定語(yǔ)This is a great way to solve the problem15Numberthepicturesintheorderyouhearthem定語(yǔ)從句四語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)滴基礎(chǔ)時(shí)態(tài)的復(fù)習(xí)P168 頁(yè)模塊釋疑 P160 頁(yè)五常識(shí)如何學(xué)好英語(yǔ)Module 2 Experiences一詞語(yǔ)鏈接1 expe

18、rience nv experienced adj 2 compete v- competition ncompetitor n人3 wonder n- wonderful adj 4 music n musician n人 5 Italy nItalian adj 6 westn western adj 7 sit v seat n 8 besidenext to 9 brilliantexcellent 10 problem需解決的問題work on-solvework out和 question需回答的問題-askanswer 11 buy sell12entertainv entert

19、ainmentn 13 sell sold sold dream dreamed dreamt-dreamed dreamt 14 namesay out reckonthink of修飾mark用 high 活 low15 experience經(jīng)驗(yàn)不可數(shù)經(jīng)歷可數(shù)This is a maths teacher with rich experience in teachingCould you tell me your experiences in Africa二短語(yǔ)1 take off a_- put on b_- land in on attakeoff from-_The plane ta

20、kes off from Hong Kong and lands in New York2 come true_3 begostay abroad_ 4 more thanover_5 sell out_6 roast duck_7 send sb sthsendsth to sb _ 8 travelaroundthe world_ all over China_9 one daysome day_ 10enter a competition_11 dream about of_12 take photos of-_ 13 Guesswhat_14 a visit to someplace_

21、15 invite sb to do sth_ invitesb to sp the activity_ 16send sb sth send sth to sb _ 17 the price of_ 18 intodaysnewspaper_19 akindof_allkindsof_different kinds of_20 give a concert_ go to a concert_ 21 at the end of-_ 22 refer to_22 trydoing sth_ 與 tryto do sth _ doones bestto do sthThe little boy t

22、ried to draw a nice horse努力去做爭(zhēng)取使某事成功The little boy tried drawing a horse初次嘗試去做某事不帶有目的性三重點(diǎn)句式1It sounds brilliant Her voice sounds very sweet系表結(jié)構(gòu)2WeiMing has been all over China by plane3There is a lot to see and do there不定式作定語(yǔ)4Ive never been to Shanghai Have you ever been abroad have beento 去過某地5 Piz

23、za has always been my favourite foodhave been表語(yǔ)表狀態(tài)的延續(xù)But I dont like sandwiches or ice cream6 He hasnt ever tried skiing7What do you reckon think will it rain today認(rèn)為 覺得I think hell come back soonI reckon hell come back soon8Sally has invited me to stay with her in England one day9What kind of prize

24、s are there for these competition10 Whats the price of a plane ticket to the USA涉及price的提問使用what11 Whats the score of the match涉及score的提問使用what說明涉及pricemark score populationtemperature等提問時(shí)使用what作為疑問詞四語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)滴1 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)參考 P168 -169 頁(yè) have gone to have been tohave been to去過某地但已經(jīng)回來人不在某地have gone to去某地了說話時(shí)某人在去

25、某地的途中或已到某地句中常用ever never once一次twice兩次three times三次等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)時(shí)用 have been to例 The girls have gone to the shopsThey are on the way to the shops or arrive at the shopsThe girls have been to the shopsThey went to the shops and they came back or went to other places2主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)SVP謂語(yǔ)為連系動(dòng)詞 Link v例 A He was ill last

26、 week形B Keep quiet please形C I feel very well today形D The mooncake tastes like thepie介短E LiLei became a soldier名F The food has gone bad形G The bread feels hard形H LiLei fell ill last Monday形I In spring the weather gets warm and the trees turn green形注意常見連系動(dòng)詞1 be keep stay保持 remain保持 come true等2感官動(dòng)詞 feel

27、感覺摸上去look seem smell taste sound等注意主語(yǔ)和感官動(dòng)詞常呈被動(dòng)關(guān)系3表變化的動(dòng)詞 become turn get grow go fall illasleep等五常識(shí)旅游經(jīng)歷Module 3 Journey to space一詞語(yǔ)鏈接1 severalafew 2 discoverv discoveryn 3 recent adj recentlyadv 4 overmorethan 5 aloneby oneself 6 extrance exit manned - unmanned反義 7 preferlikebetter8 secretnsecretaryn

28、 人 9explorev explorern 人exploration n事10 mission task 11 busy adj business n 12 returncome backgive back return后面不能再加 back return tofrom12 discover與 inventdiscover發(fā)現(xiàn) 其對(duì)象是一直存在的以往未被人們認(rèn)識(shí)或發(fā)現(xiàn)invent發(fā)明 其對(duì)象是以前沒有的東西而且往往是物質(zhì)性的東西例 Columbus discovered America Thomas Edison invented many useful things13 also too與

29、 eitheralso比 too 更正式只能用在肯定句中一般緊緊靠近動(dòng)詞多在動(dòng)詞之前或 be 動(dòng)詞助動(dòng)詞及情態(tài)動(dòng)詞之后too一般放在句末或作為插入語(yǔ)放在句中只能用在肯定句中口語(yǔ)常與also通用either用于否定句放在句末例 My father is a teacher my mother is also a teacher My father is a teacher my mother is a teacher tooMy father doesnt go to work today my mother doesnt either14 none nobody 與 no one 的用法non

30、e即可指代人也可指代事物表示沒有一個(gè)人東西強(qiáng)調(diào)數(shù)量作主賓語(yǔ)等后面可跟 of 短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)如其指代的是復(fù)數(shù)名詞謂語(yǔ)用單復(fù)數(shù)都行強(qiáng)調(diào)整體時(shí)謂語(yǔ)常用復(fù)數(shù)強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)體時(shí)則常用單數(shù)如其指代的是不可數(shù)名詞謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)形式常用來回答how many或 how much以及特定范圍的問題例 1-How many of the women are nursesNone of them isare主語(yǔ)2-How much water is leftin the bottleNone of itis主語(yǔ)3-Which of the boys plays footballwellNone of them does主語(yǔ)4Ar

31、e there any students in the classroom-None主語(yǔ)5I understood none of the questions賓語(yǔ)6 None of us likelikes it主語(yǔ)nobody和 no one 都指代人表示沒有人強(qiáng)調(diào)人做主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)后面不跟 of 短語(yǔ)常回答 who和不確定的問題在句中做主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)例 1 Luckilynobodyno one was hurtin thisaccident主語(yǔ)2-Who went to the zoo last weekNobodyNo one did主語(yǔ)3 I can see nobody in the

32、 room賓語(yǔ)15 alone與 lonelyalone用作形容詞表單獨(dú)的by oneself一個(gè)人或物說明客觀情況只作表語(yǔ)lonely用作形容詞表孤獨(dú)寂寞的內(nèi)心感受說明主觀情況作表語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ)例 I was alone at home but I dont feel lonelyalone還可用作副詞表示獨(dú)自地一個(gè)人或物by oneself例 The lonely boy had to walk there alonealone作形容詞還可意為僅僅只有必須放在所被修飾的名詞代詞后面例 You cant live on meat aloneYou cant only live on meat16

33、real與 truereal指實(shí)際與其外貌或傳說相符客觀狀況true則指與實(shí)際或真實(shí)情況相符而非虛假的抽象內(nèi)涵在表示某事是真實(shí)的時(shí)候往往可以通用例 Is this real leather or plastic That is a true friendshipstoryTell me the true real reason for your absencereally與 trulyreally常用于表說話的語(yǔ)氣或程度客觀狀況truly常用于表態(tài)度抽象內(nèi)涵例 Its really nice of you to say soI m truly sorry for doingthat17 arr

34、ive get與 reacharrive vi不及物動(dòng)詞表示到某地時(shí)名詞 后面接介詞 in大地方或 at小地方get vi不及物動(dòng)詞表示到某地時(shí)名詞 后面接介詞 to但地方如為 home here there副詞時(shí)上述兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞都不用介詞例 1 He has arrived in Beijing They arrived at the small village last nightTom has arrived here2 I got to Beijing two days ago Has he got homereach vt及物動(dòng)詞后面直接接地點(diǎn)名詞vi不及物動(dòng)詞后面直接接home her

35、e there等地點(diǎn)副詞例 They have reached Beijing LiLei reached home late last night注意單獨(dú)使用時(shí)常用arrive而不用其他兩個(gè)詞例 They had left when I arrived18 pay spend cost與 take Sb pay sb money for sth LiLei paid me five yuan for the knife某人為 - 付款 I have paid for the ticketspay賓語(yǔ)常為金錢或表代價(jià)的詞可帶雙賓語(yǔ) Sb spend time money in doing st

36、h某人花費(fèi)時(shí)間或金錢做某事Sb spend time money on sth某人在某事物上花費(fèi)時(shí)間或金錢I spend half an hour in doing my homework every eveningHe spent 20 yuan on the dictionary Sth cost sb money某物花費(fèi)某人金錢或代價(jià)cost后面可帶雙賓語(yǔ)The dictionary cost him 20 yuanHe paid 20yuan forthe dictionaryHe spent 20 yuan on the dictionaryThe dictionarycosts 2

37、0 yuan問句 Howmuchdoes the dictionarycost It take sb some time to do sth做某事花費(fèi)某人時(shí)間或精力不定式真正主語(yǔ) take后面可帶雙賓語(yǔ)Ithas taken him two months to get thereHehas spent two monthsin getting thereHow long does it take to reach BeijingSb take some time to do sth某人花費(fèi)時(shí)間精力做某事Hetook an hour to finishthe workIttook him an

38、hour to finishthe workHe spent an hour in finishing the work He spent an hour on thework說明 pay spend 常以人作主語(yǔ) cost 常以物作主語(yǔ) take 常以事情不定式 做真正主語(yǔ)后置 it做形式主語(yǔ)19 prefer的用法 prefer to do doing sthI prefer to swim swimming in the river不定式表具體性動(dòng)名詞表習(xí)慣性 prefer doing sth to doing sthlike - better than -喜歡做前者而不喜歡做后者He

39、prefers this book to that oneHe prefers skating to dancing prefer to do sth rather than do sthprefer doing sth to doingsth寧愿做 - 而不做 -I prefer to learn English rather than play the piano on SundayI prefer learning English to playing the piano on Sunday20 beyond 用法prep表位置在-的那邊遠(yuǎn)于 He camefrom beyond the

40、 sea海外表時(shí)間遲于 -He came here beyond nineoclock表范圍限度超出Some spacecraft have gone beyondthe solar system常用于問否句除 -以外Icanttellyou anythingbeyond what you knowadv在或向遠(yuǎn)處Look beyond youll get a good viewfrom here二短語(yǔ)1 on the space station_2 space shuttle_3 the solarsystem _4 be on the news_ 5 on business_6 milli

41、ons of_ 7gotravel around_8 more thanover_9 the Milky Way_10 in the sky_ inspace_inthe universe_11 so far_ 12 finish doing sth_13 keep sth secret _14 one day _15 all the time_from time to time_16 use sthtodo _use sthfordoingsth_ 17name-after-_be named after_18 send sb sthsend sth to sb _ 19 showsb st

42、hshowsthto sb _20 would liketo do sth_ 21 receivegetsthfrom sb_22 in the last -years_ 23ask sb to do sth _ ask sbfor sth_24 try to do sth _25 be part of_26 most of _27 a visitto someplace_28 so many_與 so much_too many _與 too much_ many 后接可數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)名詞much后接不可數(shù)名詞29 too much 與 much tootoo much太多的 -修飾不可數(shù)名詞表數(shù)量

43、可省略后面的不可數(shù)名詞much too簡(jiǎn)直太 -修飾形容詞或副詞表程度后面所被修飾的詞不能省略He eats too much food so he is much too fat三重點(diǎn)句式1 what are you up toWhat are you doing2 What do you think of itHow do you like it你覺得 -怎么樣3 It has taken several months to get there How long does it take toreach Beijing4But astronautshave already been to

44、the moon No one has been thererecently5I hear they have gone to Shanghai on businessSome spacecrafts have gone beyond the solar system6 Id like to show it to them7None of them have has an environment with air so people-No one has discovered any life in space yet8It is hard to understand how large the universe is9So far Until nowUp to now theres only life on Earth10 I havent read anything as good as that for a long time11 Its