人教版新目標(biāo)八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)上冊(cè)1-4單元知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)

1、新目標(biāo)八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)上冊(cè)第一單元Unit 1.How often do you exercise?I. 重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)歸納：on weekends在周末1. go to the movies去看電影2. look after=take care of照顧3. surf the internet上網(wǎng)4. healthy lifestyle健康的生活方式5. go skateboarding去滑滑板watch TV看電視6. keep healthy=stay healthy = keep in good health保持健康keep +形容詞表保持某種狀態(tài)do some reading閱讀7. exerc

2、ise= take/do (much) exercise=do sports鍛煉8. eating habits飲食習(xí)慣9. take more exercise做更多的運(yùn)動(dòng)10. the same as與什么相同11. once a month一月一次12. be different from不同13. twice a week一周兩次 .three times a week一周三次14. make a difference to對(duì)什么有影響As teachers, you must believe that you can make a difference to the lives of

3、 yourstudents.身為教師，你們必須堅(jiān)信你們能夠影響學(xué)生的一生。A false step will make a great difference to my future.錯(cuò)走一步對(duì)我的前程來(lái)說(shuō)會(huì)產(chǎn)生很大影響。15. how often 多久一次，詢問動(dòng)作發(fā)生的頻率how many times多少次，用來(lái)提問做某事的次數(shù)16. although=though 雖然 < 不能與 but 連用 > Although he is old, he is quite strong.(He is old, but he is quite strong.)句子中，有 although

4、或 though就不可再用 but ，但可用 yet 或 still “仍然，還”；有 because 就不能再用 so.17. most of the students=most students大多數(shù)學(xué)生18. shop=go shopping=do some shopping購(gòu)物19. as for 至于20. activity survey活動(dòng)調(diào)查21. do homework做家庭作業(yè)22. do house work做家務(wù)事23. eat less meat吃更少的肉24. junk food垃圾食物25. be good for對(duì)什么有益26. be bad for對(duì)什么有害27

5、. want to do sth想做某事28. want sb to do sth想某人做某事29. try to do sth盡量做某事30. come home from school放學(xué)回家31. of course=certainly=sure當(dāng)然32. get good grades取得好成績(jī)33. some advice一些建議some advice中的 advice 是不可數(shù)名詞a piece of advice 一則建議give advice提出建議take one s advice采納或聽從某人的建議4. help sb to do sth幫助某人做某事 =help sb w

6、ith sth35. a lot of vegetables=many vegetables許多蔬菜36. hardly= almost not幾乎不 hardly ever很少，幾乎不，從不37. keep/be in good health保持健康38. your favorite program你最喜歡的節(jié)目39. Animal World動(dòng)物世界40. play soccer踢足球41.every day 每天every day與 everyday1. every day作狀語(yǔ)，譯為“每一天”。如：We go to school at 7:10 every day.我們每天 7 ：10

7、 去上學(xué)。I decide to read English every day.我決定每天讀英語(yǔ)。2. everyday 作定語(yǔ)，譯為“日常的”。She watches everyday English on TV after dinner.她晚飯后在電視上看日常英語(yǔ)。What's your everyday activity?42.once or twice a week每周一兩次你的日?；顒?dòng)是什么？43. three or four times a week每周三四次44. at Green High School在格林高中45. all students 所有的學(xué)生46. mos

8、t students大多數(shù)學(xué)生47. some students一些學(xué)生48. no students沒有學(xué)生49.the result of a survey調(diào)查結(jié)果50.the result for “watch TV ”“看電視”的調(diào)查結(jié)果51. improve your English提高你的英語(yǔ)52. drink milk 喝牛奶53. pretty healthy相當(dāng)健康pretty adv.相當(dāng)，非常Pretty （用作副詞時(shí)） =rather=very=quite非常，相當(dāng)54. kind of = a little有點(diǎn)I think I m kind of unhealthy

9、.我想我有點(diǎn)不健康。二 . 重點(diǎn)句子：1.How often do you exercise?你（你們）多久鍛煉一次身體？How often + 助動(dòng)詞 do(does或 did) +主語(yǔ) + do sth.? 疑問詞 how often是問頻率 (多久一次 ),（在這里助動(dòng)詞 do(does或 did)是起幫助構(gòu)成疑問的作用）與一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或一般過(guò)去時(shí)連用，回答一般是用表示頻率的副詞，如：once, twice, three times,sometimes, often, quite, often, never, every day, once a week , twice a month ,

10、three times a month , three or four times a month等。How often do you go to the factory?Twice a week. 你們多久到工廠去一次？ 每星期兩次?！癏ow often does he go shopping?” “ He goes shopping once a month.”2“What do you usually do on weekends?” “ I usually play soccer.”“周末你通常做什么？”“我通常踢足球?！钡谝粋€(gè) do 為助動(dòng)詞 , 在這起幫助構(gòu)成疑問的作用；而第二個(gè)d

11、o 則是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞。翻譯：What do you usually do on weekends? I often go to the movies.What does she usually do on weekends? She sometimes go hiking3.“What syour favorite program?” “It s Animal World.”“你最喜歡什么節(jié)目？”“動(dòng)物世界?！?. As for homework , most students do homework every day .as for. 意思是“至于；關(guān)于”，常用于句首作狀語(yǔ)，其后跟名詞、代詞或

12、動(dòng)詞的-ing 形式（即動(dòng)名詞）。如：As for him ，I never want to see him here.至于他，我永遠(yuǎn)不希望在這里見到。As for the story，you'd better not believe it.關(guān)于那故事，你最好不要相信。至于我自己，我現(xiàn)在不想去。As for myself, I dont want to go now.至于那個(gè)人，我什么都不知道。As for the man, I know nothing about him.5. Mom wants me to get up at 6:00 and play ping-pong wit

13、h her want to do sth. 意思是“想要做某事”；want sb. to do sth.意思是“想要某人做某事”。如：Do you want to go to the movies with me？你想和我一起去看電影嗎？The teacher doesn't want us to eat hamburgers.老師不想讓我們吃漢堡包。有很多動(dòng)詞后面用這種結(jié)構(gòu)做動(dòng)詞的復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)ask sb. to do sth.叫某人做某事tell sb. to do sth.告訴某人去做某事help sb. (to) do sth.幫助某人做某事6. She says it s goo

14、d for my health.be good for.表示“對(duì)有益（有好處） ”;其反義為： be bad for.。（這里for是介詞，后跟名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞）如：It's good for us to do more reading.多讀書對(duì)我們有好處。Reading in bed is bad for your eyes.在床上讀書對(duì)你的眼睛有害。7. How many hours do you sleep every night?8. I exercise every day , usually when I come home from school .9. My eati

15、ng habits are pretty good .這里 pretty相當(dāng)于 very 。10.I try to eat a lot of vegetables , usually ten to eleven times a week .try to do sth.表示“ 盡力做某事 ” ，不包含是否成功的意思而try doing sth.表示“（用某一辦法）試著去做某事”。如:You d better try doing the experiment in another way.你最好試試用另一種方法做這個(gè)試驗(yàn)。11. My healthy lifestyle helps me get

16、good grades. help sb.(to) do sth. 幫助某人做某事12. Good food and exercise help me to study better.這里 better是 well 的比較級(jí)，而不是good的比較級(jí)13.Is her lifestyle the same as yours or different? Is her lifestyle the same as your lifestyle or is her lifestyle different from yours?be the same as / be different from14. W

17、hat sports do you play ?15. A lot of vegetables help you to keep in good health .keep in good health = keep healthy = stay healthy 16. You must try to eat less meat .try to do sth. 表示“ 盡力做某事 ” ,不包含是否成功的意思 ,less 是 little 的比較級(jí) 17. That sounds interesting.這是“主語(yǔ) + 系動(dòng)詞 + 表語(yǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)的簡(jiǎn)單句。 sound （聽起來(lái)）， look （看起來(lái)

18、），smell（聞起來(lái)）， taste （嘗起來(lái)）， feel （覺得）， seem （好象）， grow （變得） ,get（變得）等詞在英語(yǔ)中可用作系動(dòng)詞，后跟形容詞作表語(yǔ)。如：It tastes good.這味道好。The music sounds very sweet.這音樂聽起來(lái)很入耳。The smoke grew heavier and heavier.煙霧變得越來(lái)越濃了。18. I think Im kind of unhealthy.我想我有點(diǎn)不健康。kind of = a littlea kind of一種三知識(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)1 . 注意 sometimes與幾個(gè)形似的詞的區(qū)別。(1)

19、 sometime 是副詞，意為“在某個(gè)時(shí)候”，“某時(shí)”Will you come again sometime next week?(2) some time 是名詞詞組，意為“一段時(shí)間”，做時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)用I will stay here for some time.我將在這呆一段時(shí)間。(3) some times 是名詞詞組，意為“幾次，幾倍”I met him some times in the street last month.上個(gè)月我在街上遇到他好幾次了。（ 4） sometimes是頻度副詞，意為“有時(shí)”He sometimes goes skateboarding on weeke

20、nds.他有時(shí)周末去滑滑板。2 time意為“時(shí)間”時(shí)，為不可數(shù)名詞。意為“次數(shù)，倍數(shù)”時(shí)，為可數(shù)名詞，What time is it?I go to the movies three times a week.注意“次數(shù)”的表達(dá)方法一次once ， 兩次twice ，三次或三次以上用基數(shù)詞加上times ：three times、five times 、 one hundred times.表示“幾次”的表達(dá)方法是：once a day/ a week/ a month/ a yeartwice a day/ a week/ a month/ a year3 same 與 different

21、1.same 指“相同的” ，前面通常要有一個(gè)定冠詞the ，但是如果 same 前面已經(jīng)有 this ，those等詞，就不能再與the 連用了。 如：We are in the same class.我們?cè)谕粋€(gè)班級(jí)。結(jié)構(gòu)： the same as與. 一樣如：His mark is the same as mine.他的分?jǐn)?shù)和我的分?jǐn)?shù)一樣。2.different譯為“不同的”，其后的可數(shù)名詞應(yīng)為復(fù)數(shù)形式。如：We are in different classes.我們?cè)诓煌陌嗉?jí)。結(jié)構(gòu)： be different from與. 不同如：This sweater is different

22、from that one.這件毛衣與那一件不同。different的名詞形式為 difference,復(fù)數(shù)形式為 differences。4hard / hardlyhard:hard 既可作形容詞，也可作副詞。adj. 辛苦的，困難的adv. 努力，使勁地He had a hard (adj.)time in the past.It's a hard (adj.) question. (=difficult)這是一個(gè)難的問題。The boy studies very hard (adv.).那男孩學(xué)習(xí)非常努力He works hard.他努力工作。句子結(jié)構(gòu) ：It's ha

23、rd for sb to do sth It's hard for him to finish the work.做某事對(duì)某人來(lái)說(shuō)是難的。如：完成那項(xiàng)工作對(duì)他來(lái)說(shuō)很難。注意區(qū)分： hard work困難的工作work hard努力工作hardly是頻度副詞，表示否定的意思。（=almost not）通常用在形容詞、副詞和動(dòng)詞之前。 hardly: adv.幾乎不，簡(jiǎn)直不I can hardly see it.我?guī)缀蹩床坏剿? how often / how long / how soon / how farhow often: “隔多久一次”，指動(dòng)作的頻率，答語(yǔ)常用often, ne

24、ver, twice a week等表示頻率的副詞或短語(yǔ)。（用于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或一般過(guò)去時(shí)）How often do you go to the movies?Once a week. / I never go to the movies.how long:1) “（延續(xù)）多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間”，回答用for 時(shí)間段或 since 時(shí)間點(diǎn)。（用于各種時(shí)態(tài)）； 2) 詢問物體的長(zhǎng)度。How long is the Yellow River?How long have you learned English?I have learned it for 5 years.I have learned it since

25、 5 years ago.how soon: “還要多久才，多久以后”，答語(yǔ)常用“in 時(shí)間段”。（用于一般將來(lái)時(shí)）How soon will she come back?She ll come back in an hour.how far: “多遠(yuǎn)”，詢問距離。Can you tell me how far it is from here to your home?How far is it from your home to our school?It s 2 kilometers away.人教新目標(biāo)八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)上冊(cè)Unit 2 what s the matter?一重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)歸納1. f

26、oot-feet腳<復(fù)>tooth-teeth牙齒 <復(fù)>2. have a cold感冒3. have a stomachache胃疼4. have a sore back背疼5. have a sore throat喉嚨疼6. have a fever發(fā)燒7. lie down and (have a)rest躺下休息have a rest 休息8. hot tea with honey加蜜的熱茶9. see a dentist看牙醫(yī)see a doctor看醫(yī)生10.drink lots of water多喝水11.lots of ,a lot of,a lota

27、 lot of=lots of，可以修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)和不可數(shù)名詞，一般用在肯定句中。：There are lots of（ a lot of ） books in our library.There is a lot of water on the grounda lot, 是一個(gè)副詞詞組，跟動(dòng)詞連用；表示十分，很等意思；Thanks a lot.12. have a toothache牙疼13. That s a good idea好主意14. go to bed去睡覺go to bed early早上床睡覺15. feel well感到好feel ill感到不舒服I don t feel

28、well= Im not feeling well我感覺不舒服 .16. start doing/ to do sth開始做某事TO DO是一件事情完成了，開始做另外一件事情DOING是原來(lái)的那件事情做到一半，現(xiàn)在又開始做了，是同一件事情。17. two days ago兩天前18. get some rest 多休息 , 休息一會(huì)兒19. I think so 我認(rèn)為是這樣20. be thirsty口渴21. be hungry饑餓22. be stressed out緊張23. listen to music聽音樂24. healthy lifestyle健康的生活方式25. tradi

29、tional Chinese doctors傳統(tǒng)中醫(yī)26. need to do sth需要做某事I have a toothache. I need to see a dentist.我牙痛 , 我需要去看牙醫(yī)We need to keep our classroom clean.我們需要保持教室的干凈 .27. a balance of yin and yang陰陽(yáng)平衡28. for example例如29. too much yin太多的陰 , 陰氣太盛too much +不可數(shù)名詞太多的much too +形/ 副實(shí)在太 極其，非常too many +可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)太多的30.be go

30、od for sth./ doing sth.對(duì)什么有益，對(duì)什么有好處be bad for sth./ doing sth.對(duì)什么有害be good to對(duì)好be good at =do well in在方面好，擅長(zhǎng)be good(bad) for、be good at的相關(guān)用法1.be good for對(duì).有益Doing morning exercises is good for your health.做早操對(duì)你們的建康有益。2.be good at擅長(zhǎng)于 .Li Ping is good at basketball.= Li Ping is good at playing basketb

31、all.be good at = do well in如：李平擅長(zhǎng)于籃球。李平擅長(zhǎng)于打籃球。I'm good at math. = I do well in math.我擅長(zhǎng)于數(shù)學(xué)。3.be good to對(duì).好Parents are always good to their children.父母親總是對(duì)他們的孩子好。31.get good grades取得好成績(jī)32. angry用法 be angry with sb生某人的氣I was angry with him for keeping me waiting.我對(duì)他很生氣，因?yàn)樗屛业攘撕镁?。be angry at/ about

32、 sth就某事生氣33.Chinese medicine中藥34.be popular in + some place在某地很流行Chinese medicine is now popular in many western countries.現(xiàn)在中藥在許多西方國(guó)家受歡迎。35.in western countries在西方國(guó)家36.It s easy to do sth做某事是容易的。It s important to do sth .做某事很重要。37.balanced diet平衡飲食38.get tired感到疲倦be/get tired39.go out at night在晚上出去

33、When you are tired, you shouldnt go out at night. 疲倦時(shí)，晚上你不該外出40.stay healthy保持健康=keep healthy=keep in good health41.at the moment此時(shí)，此刻 = nowIm not feeling very well at the moment42.enjoy sth. =like sth. (名詞 )喜歡某物 ,enjoy doing sth.喜歡做某事 =like dong sthenjoy oneself (myself, yourself,herself, himself,

34、themselves, ourselves, itself 反身代詞 ) 玩得高興，過(guò)得愉快 =have a good time = have a wonderful time=have fun43. conversation practice會(huì)話練習(xí)44. host family寄宿家庭45. have a lot of headaches經(jīng)常疼痛Im tired and I have a lot of headaches.我很疲勞，而且經(jīng)常頭痛。46. a few +可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)少許a little +不可數(shù)名詞 / 形/ 副一點(diǎn)47.He shouldn t eat anything=H

35、e should eat nothing.他不應(yīng)當(dāng)吃任何東西48.give sb some advice給某人建議 give adviceadvice是不可數(shù)名詞.提出建議a piece of advice一則建議take one s advice采納或聽從某人的建議He gave me some good advice.他向我提了一些很好的意見。49.sleep 8 hours a night每晚睡眠八小時(shí)50.take medicine吃藥 服藥I have to take medicine three times a day for my cold.因?yàn)楦忻?，我不得不一天吃三次藥。?固

36、定結(jié)構(gòu)It s +形+ for sb. + to do sth.做某事對(duì)某人來(lái)說(shuō)是的。It s important to do sth .做某事很重要。It s important for me to eat a balanced diet.It s easy to do sth做某事是容易的。It s easy for us to find out the answer.平衡飲食對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)是很重要的找出答案對(duì)我們來(lái)說(shuō)是容易的.三重點(diǎn)句子1.What s the matter ? What s the mater with you ?你怎么啦？=What s the trouble with y

37、ou?=Whats wrong with you?I have a cold / have a sore back / have a stomachache2.That s too bad. You should / shouldn t 那太糟糕了 . 你應(yīng)該 / 不該You shouldlie down and rest / drink hot tea with honey / see a dentist / see adoctor .He shouldnt eat anything = He should eat nothing.他不應(yīng)當(dāng)吃任何東西3.I m not felling wel

38、l .這里 well 表示身體狀況，不能用good代替I don t feel well= Im not feeling well我感覺不舒服 .4.When did it start ? About two days ago .什么時(shí)候開始的？大約兩天前5.I hope you fell better soon .我希望你很快好起來(lái)這里 better是 well 的比較級(jí).6.Traditional Chinese doctors believe we need a balance of yin and yang to behealthy.傳統(tǒng)中醫(yī)認(rèn)為我們需要陰陽(yáng)調(diào)和以保持身體健康。這里 t

39、o be healthy是動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ)，作目的狀語(yǔ)7.You should eat hot yang foods,like beef. 你應(yīng)該吃一些像牛肉之類的陽(yáng)性食物。8.Eating Dangshen and Huangqi herbsis also good forthis.吃黨參和黃芪等草本植物也對(duì)這有好處。9.People who are too stressed out and angry may have too much yang.太緊張易怒的人或許吃了太多的陽(yáng)性食物。too much后跟不可數(shù)名詞， 而 too many后跟可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)10.It s easy to hav

40、e a healthy lifestyle ,and it s important to eat a balanced diet.有一個(gè)健康的生活方式很容易，飲食平衡是很重要的。 It s easy to do sth .做某事容易/ Its important to do sth .做某事重要11.You should rest for a few nights.你應(yīng)該休息幾個(gè)晚上12.I study late every night, sometimesuntil2 am, but I dont think I mimproving.我每天晚上學(xué)到很晚，有時(shí)到凌晨2點(diǎn)鐘，但我認(rèn)為我沒有提高

41、。13believe in信任某人，強(qiáng)調(diào)品質(zhì)，believe sb. 相信某人的話I believe him, but I can t believe in him.他的話是真的，但是我不信任他這個(gè)人。14 .I have a toothache . I need to see a dentist . need 意思為 “需要” ，作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞時(shí)， 后跟動(dòng)詞不定式， 否定式為 don t /doesn t / didn t need (to do sth.) ；作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，只能用于否定句或疑問句中，否定式為 needn t(do sth.) ，除有過(guò)去式外，沒有其它的形態(tài)變化四知識(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)1.情態(tài)

42、動(dòng)詞 should的用法should是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，它的基本用法是必須和其他動(dòng)詞一起構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ)。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化，意為 "應(yīng)該 ."。should （應(yīng)當(dāng)，應(yīng)該）用于所有人稱，表示勸告或建議。eg. You should wait a little more.你應(yīng)該再多等一會(huì)兒。- I have a very bad cold.我感冒很厲害。- You should lie down and have a rest.你應(yīng)該躺下，多喝水。2maybe與 may be1.maybe 是副詞，譯為“也許、可能”，相當(dāng)于“perhaps ”。如：Maybe he can ans

43、wer the question.也許他能回答那個(gè)問題。He maybe is from the USA, too.他可能也來(lái)自美國(guó)。2.may be中的 may 為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，譯為“可能是.”。如：He may be from the USA, too.他可能也來(lái)自美國(guó)。She may be our English teacher.她可能是我們的英語(yǔ)老師3too many,too much與 much too1.too many意為“太多”，用于修飾可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)。如：There are too many students in our class.我們班上有太多的學(xué)生。2.too much意

44、為“太多”，用于修飾不可數(shù)名詞。如：We have too much work to do.我們有太多的工作要做。3.much too表示“太”，用來(lái)修飾形容詞或副詞。如：The box is much too heavy, so I can't carry it.箱子太重了，所以我搬不動(dòng)它。4 few、a few、little、 a little的區(qū)別和聯(lián)系：1.few / a few用來(lái)修飾可數(shù)名詞，few表示否定意義，沒有，幾乎沒有；a few表示有肯定意思，有幾個(gè)。例如：He has few friends here, he feels lonely.他這里沒朋友，他感覺寂寞。

45、There are a few eggs in the basket.籃子里有幾個(gè)雞蛋。2.little / a little用來(lái)修飾不可數(shù)名詞， little 表示否定意思，沒有，幾乎沒有。a little表示肯定意思，有一點(diǎn)兒。例如：There is little ink in my bottle, can you give me a little ink?我的瓶子里沒有墨水了，你能給我點(diǎn)兒墨水嗎？5 not until直到 (否定句 )才，動(dòng)詞為短暫性或瞬間性動(dòng)詞She didn t leave until we came.He went shopping after he got up

46、.=He didnt go shopping until /before he got up.until/till直到···（肯定句）動(dòng)詞為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞We stayed here till/until 12 o clock.人教新目標(biāo)八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)上冊(cè)Unit 3 What are you doing for vacation?一重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)歸納1. go camping去野營(yíng)2. go shopping去購(gòu)物3. go skateboarding去滑滑板4. go swimming去游泳5. go boating去劃船6. go skating去滑冰7. go hiki

47、ng (in the mountains)去山上徒步旅行 / 遠(yuǎn)足8. go climbing去登山9. go fishing去釣魚10. go bike riding / cycling騎自行車旅行11. go sightseeing去觀光12. visit my grandma/ cousins/ my friends in Hong Kong拜訪我的祖母/ 堂兄弟 /香港的朋友13. spend time with friends和朋友度過(guò)14. babysit her sister照顧她的妹妹15. relax at home在家休息16. go to sports camp去運(yùn)動(dòng)野營(yíng)

48、17. go to the beach去沙灘18. take a vacation去度假19. go to Tibet for a week去西藏一個(gè)星期20. go away離開，走開It made me sad to hear you have to go away.聽到你非走不可，我覺得很傷心21. (for) too long太久22. how long多長(zhǎng)（時(shí)間）23. have a good time=have fun=enjoy oneself玩得高興，玩得開心24. get back to school/ home回學(xué)校 / 回家go back= come back= get back回來(lái)get back to +some where回到某地get back home/ here /there回家、這、那兒go back to school回到學(xué)校 =return to schoolgo back home回到家 =return home25. stay for three weeks呆三個(gè)星期26. take walks / take a walk散步 take walks=have walks=go for a walk散步27. rent videos租錄像帶28. a famous French sing