濱州專版2018中考英語總復習第二部分專項語法高效突破專項6數(shù)詞課件

1、第二部分第二部分 專項語法高效突破專項語法高效突破專項專項6 6 數(shù)詞數(shù)詞高頻考點精講考點1 1 基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞的構(gòu)成及用法一、基數(shù)詞一、基數(shù)詞1基數(shù)詞的讀法(構(gòu)成)基數(shù)詞規(guī)則例詞112各自獨立one；two；three；four；five；six；seven；eight；nine；ten；eleven；twelve1319詞尾加teenthirteen；fourteen；fifteen；sixteen；seventeen；eighteen；nineteen幾十的表達法 詞尾加tytwenty；thirty；forty；fifty；sixty；seventy；eighty；ninety2199

2、在十位與個位之間加連字符構(gòu)成21讀作 twentyone；99讀作 ninetynine101999先說幾百，再加and，再加末尾兩位數(shù)或個位數(shù)101讀作 one hundred and one；238讀作 two hundred and thirtyeight1000以上的數(shù)將數(shù)字從右往左數(shù)，每三位數(shù)用一個逗號隔開，從右往左第一個逗號表示“千”讀thousand；第二個逗號表示“百萬”讀million；第三個逗號表示“十億”讀billion18，657，421讀作 eighteen million, six hundred and fiftyseven thousand, four hund

3、red and twentyone 2.基數(shù)詞的用法表示數(shù)量多少。如：there are four people in my family.在我家里有四口人。表示時刻。直接讀法： 先讀小時，后讀分鐘。如：3：25讀作 three twentyfive。間接讀法：a)30分鐘：分鐘 past 小時。如：3: 25 讀作twentyfive past three; 3：30 讀作half past three；3：15 讀作a quarter past three。b)30分鐘： ( 60分鐘 ) to (小時數(shù)1)。如：3：55讀作five to four；3：45 讀作a quarter to

4、 four。表示年(月)份和年齡。如：he was born in march, 2004.他出生于2004年3月份。she is fifteen years old.她15歲了。表示編號(順序)。如：unit 12第12單元；page 5第5頁；room 203203號房間。表示年代。如：in the 1940s / 1940s(讀作in the nineteen forties)在20世紀40年代。“基數(shù)詞連字符單數(shù)名詞(連字符形容詞)”構(gòu)成復合形容詞，作定語，用于表示時間、距離等。如：an eightyearold boy一個8歲的男孩； tenminute walk(ten minut

5、es walk) 10分鐘的路程?！盎鶖?shù)詞more”或“another基數(shù)詞”表示“在原來的基礎上增加數(shù)量”。如：he will stay in china for two more weeks(another two weeks)他將在中國再待兩周。確數(shù)與概數(shù)的表達法確數(shù)的表達法：基數(shù)詞 hundred/thousand/million/billion 名詞復數(shù)。如：three hundred students三百名學生； two thousand books兩千本書。概數(shù)的表達法： hundreds/thousands/millions/billions of名詞復數(shù)。如：thousand

6、s of birds 數(shù)以千只鳥； millions of people數(shù)以百萬的人。二二. .序數(shù)詞序數(shù)詞1構(gòu)成：常在基數(shù)詞后加th構(gòu)成：(1)第一至第十九一般是在基數(shù)詞后加th，但變化特殊的有：onefirst，twosecond，threethird，fivefifth，eighteighth，nineninth，twelvetwelfth。(2)逢十的twenty，thirty.ninety，分別改y為ieth。如：twentytwentieth，ninetyninetieth。(3)表示第幾十幾或第幾百幾十幾，只需將個位數(shù)改為序數(shù)詞。如：56fiftysixfiftysixth；63

7、5six hundred and thirtyfivesix hundred and thirtyfifth?！究谠E】 基變序，有規(guī)律，末尾要加th，一二三特殊記，結(jié)尾各是t，d，d，八減t，九去e，f來把ve替，ty改為tie，然后再加th，若是遇到幾十幾，只變個位就可以。2用法：(1)表示順序。序數(shù)詞表示順序時，在其前用定冠詞the。如：this is the second time that i have been in london.這是我第二次去倫敦。(2)但若序數(shù)詞前有形容詞性物主代詞或名詞所有格時則省略the。如：my first teacher 我的第一位老師。(3)固定短語中

8、的序數(shù)詞前不用冠詞。如：at first起初；first of all首先。(4)某人的第幾個生日、月份的日期、第幾個世紀、分數(shù)中的分母都用序數(shù)詞。(5)the序數(shù)詞最高級名詞單數(shù)其他，表示“第幾大”。如：peter is the second tallest boy in his class.彼得是班里第二高的男孩。(6)序數(shù)詞前加a / an表示“又一，再一”。如：she wanted a third cake.她想要第三塊蛋糕。(已經(jīng)吃了兩塊了)考點2 2 確切和不確切數(shù)字的表達方法hundred，thousand，million等數(shù)詞前面有基數(shù)詞或某些表示數(shù)量的形容詞時，不加s。如：s

9、everal million people 數(shù)百萬人；two thousand teachers 兩千位老師。但如表示“幾百”“幾千”“幾百萬”等籠統(tǒng)的數(shù)目時，則應用sof構(gòu)成短語。如：hundreds of books 幾百本書；thousands of workers 幾千個工人。考點3 3 分數(shù)、小數(shù)及百分數(shù) 1.分數(shù)的分子用基數(shù)詞表示，分母用序數(shù)詞表示，當分子大于1時，序數(shù)詞要用復數(shù)。1/2a/one half；1/3a/one third；1/4a/one fourth或a/one quarter；2/5two fifths。2小數(shù)是以基數(shù)詞加小數(shù)點表示，小數(shù)點前面的數(shù)按基數(shù)詞的規(guī)則

10、讀，小數(shù)點后面的數(shù)按個位基數(shù)詞依次讀出，如： 0.5zero point five；0.006zero point zero zero six。3百分數(shù)是由基數(shù)詞或小數(shù)加百分號組成，百分號(%)讀作percent，如：0.6%zero point six percent；5% five percent。十年真題十年真題全練近五年濱州中考試題對數(shù)詞的考查形式主要為單詞拼寫，涉及到基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞的拼寫；對于辨析基數(shù)詞與序數(shù)詞的考查形式一般出現(xiàn)在選擇填空題中，對不確切數(shù)量詞的考查也往往以選擇填空的形式出現(xiàn)。復習數(shù)詞時，要注意基數(shù)詞時刻的表達法、加減法、日期表達法、分數(shù)的表達法及基數(shù)詞在句中與名詞的搭

11、配等。預計2018年濱州中考中仍會出現(xiàn)對數(shù)詞的考查，聽力選擇和單詞拼寫題對數(shù)詞的考查會以數(shù)字辨音和詞性轉(zhuǎn)換為主?？键c1 1 基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞的構(gòu)成及用法1.2011濱州，25題now, everybody, please turn to page _b_ and look at the _ picture.afifth；five bfive；fifthcfifth；fifth dfive；five22017濱州，23題my grandparents live in an old apartment with _d_ floors and they are on the _ floor.afift

12、h；three bfifth；thirdcfive；three dfive；third考點2 2 確切和不確切數(shù)字的表達方法 3.2015濱州，32題two _b_ students _ to the opening ceremony last friday.ahundreds; were invitedbhundred; were invitedchundreds of ; inviteddhundred of; invited考點3 3 分數(shù)、小數(shù)及百分數(shù)4.2016濱州，25題what do you think of the environment here?wonderful！_a_

13、of the land _ covered with trees and grass.atwo fifths；is btwo fifth；isctwo fifths；are dtwo fifth；are猜押預測1jack, _a_ of the apples _ gone bad.wed better eat up the rest as soon as possible.aone fifth；have bone fifth；hascone fifths；have dfirst five；has2mary felt happy to receive some gifts on her _c_

14、birthday.atwelve btwenty ctwelfth dnext3this is the _c_ time that i come to paris.i have been here twice.afirst bsecond cthird dfourth4when he arrived at the airport，lu han found that _c_ fans were waiting for him.athousand bthousandscthousands of dthousand of5there are _c_ tourists visiting the isl

15、and on may day every year.atwo thousands of btwo thousandscthousands of dthousand of6how old is your son?_d_. we had a special party for his _ birthday yesterday.anine；nine bninth；ninecnine；the ninth dnine；ninth7we are going on holiday in the _c_ week of july.atwo btwice csecond dsecondlylife is far more important，isnt it?ahalf bone thirdctwo thirds dthree quarters8_a_ birds have come back because the environment here becomes better and better.athousands of bthousand ofcthousands dthousand9_d_ of the land in that district is covered with trees and grass.afifth two btwo fifth