初中英語專項(xiàng)練習(xí)直接引語和間接引語

1、直接引語和間接引語引述別人的話時(shí)，一般采用兩種方式：一是引用別人的原話，把它放在引號(hào)內(nèi)，稱為直接引語 ; 二是用自己的話加以轉(zhuǎn)述，被轉(zhuǎn)述的話不放在引號(hào)內(nèi)，稱為間接引語。間接引語在大多數(shù)情況下是一個(gè)賓語從句。直接引語變成間接引語時(shí)，要注意以下幾點(diǎn)：人稱變化、時(shí)態(tài)變化、賓語從句要用陳述句語序等。1. 直接引語是陳述句， 變成間接引語時(shí)， 由連詞 that 引導(dǎo)。例如：She said, “I am very happy to be with you. ”She said (that) she was very happy to be with me.He said, “Iwill choose a

2、 book for my students.said(that)he would choose a book for his students.”He2. 直接引語是一般疑問句時(shí)，變成間接引語，由連詞 whether 或if引導(dǎo)。例如：He asked me, “Do you like watching TV? ”He asked me if/whether I liked watching TV.He asked, “Are you sure your mother will come? ”He asked me whether / if I was sure my mother would

3、 come.注意：大多數(shù)情況下，if和whether 在引導(dǎo)賓語從句時(shí)可以互換，但后緊跟 or not 時(shí), 一般只用 whether 。例如：She asked me whether or not he could do the work. / She asked me whether he could do the work or not.3. 直接引語是特殊疑問句， 變成間接引語時(shí)， 由相應(yīng)的連接詞 who,whom, what, whose, how, when, why, where等引導(dǎo)。例如：He asked: “Where are you to get off, John?wh

4、ere he was to get off.” He asked JohnMy sister asked me, “How do you like the play? ”My sister asked me how I liked the play.Tomasked me, “Whois the boy over there? ”Tomasked me, “Who was the boy over there? ”4. 直接引語是祈使句，其間接引語由主語 +動(dòng)詞 ask( 委婉語氣 ) ，tell(一般語氣 ) ，order (命令語氣 ) 或warn, advise等+復(fù)合賓語 ( 名/代詞

5、 +動(dòng)詞不定式 ) 構(gòu)成。如：He said, “Please come here again tomorrow. ”He asked me to go there again the next day.“Be careful with the dog.”He warned me to be careful withthe dog.5. 直接引語變間接引語時(shí)，如果引述動(dòng)詞為過去式，需注意時(shí)態(tài)的變化：如：1) Betty said,“Lingling is singing in the classroom now.”現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)Betty said Lingling was singing in

6、the class room then.-過去進(jìn)行時(shí)2) He said,“Iwill go to London next week.”一般將來時(shí)He said he would go to London next week.過去將來時(shí)3) My mother said,“I have already cleaned the house.”現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)My mother said she had already cleaned the house.過去完成時(shí)注意 :1. 直接引語是客觀事實(shí)、普遍真理等，主句盡管是過去時(shí)態(tài)，變成間接引語時(shí)，時(shí)態(tài)仍然用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。例如：They toldtheir

7、son, “The earth goes round the sun. ”They toldtheir son that the earth goes round the sun.2. 直接引語變間接引語時(shí)， 指示代詞、時(shí)間狀語、地點(diǎn)狀語、動(dòng)詞等要作相應(yīng)的變化。如：this that, thesethose, now then,today that day, yesterdaybefore, agobefore, herethe day before, last yearthere come go等。例如：the yearHe said, “I havent seen them today.

8、”He said that he hadnt seen them that day.但是，如果轉(zhuǎn)述時(shí)對(duì)話人雙方就在原來的地方，或在說話的當(dāng)天，就不必改變相應(yīng)的時(shí)間狀語、地點(diǎn)狀語等?？傊?, 對(duì)這些變化不能機(jī)械理解，應(yīng)根據(jù)實(shí)際情況來決定所作的變化。3. 間接引語一般要用陳述句的語序，即主、謂、賓的順序。例如：He asked Lucy, “Where did you go? ”He asked Lucy where shew直接引語和間接引語專項(xiàng)練習(xí)1.單項(xiàng)填空1.He said, "I am living with my brother."He said that _ wa

9、s living with his brother.A. IB. youC. heD. they2.He said, "You are sure to get a warm welcome there."He said that we _ sure to get a warm welcome there.A. amB. wasC. wereD. are3.She says, "Something is wrong with my bike." She says that something is wrong with _ bike.A. myB.aC.

10、hisD. her4.He said, "I will not do so again."He said that he _ not do so again.A. willB. mustC. wouldD. do5.The teacher said, "My son had the same experience as the little boy."The teacher said that his son had _ the same experience as the littleboy.A. beenC. hadB. haveD. done6.S

11、he said to me, "My mother took me to an exhibition yesterday." She told me that her mother had taken _ to an exhibition the daybefore.A. sheB. meC. herD. you7.You said to me, "I saw the film two days ago."You told me that you had seen the film _A. two daysB. two days beforeC. two

12、 days agoD. yesterday8.He said to his younger sister, "You may come with me."He told his younger sister that _ with him.A. you may come B. you might come C. she might come D. she might go9.The student said to me, "She has made a close study of the problem."The student told me tha

13、t she _ a close study of the problem.A. has makeB. have madeC. had makeD. had made10.He said, "I live here."He said that he lived_.A. thereB. hereC. in thereD. at there、將下列句子改為間接引語1.“I'm glad to receive your e- mail, ” said he._2.He said to me,“Are you going home this weekend? ”_3.“How

14、 do you like the food here?” said she._4.She said to me,“Don't ride in the street.”_5. “Stand where you are!” the police said to the young man._II. 請(qǐng)?jiān)谙铝锌瞻滋幪钌线m當(dāng)?shù)脑~語，使句意不變。1 She said,“Are you from the south?”She asked _ I _ from the south.2. Mom said to me,“Don't tell a lie.”Mom _ me _ _ tell a

15、 lie.3 Susan said to me, “Wevisitedthe Red Star Farm lastweek.”Susan told me that _ _ _ the Red StarFarm _ _ _.4 Mr Paul said to us,“Light travels faster than sound.Mr Paul _ us that light _ faster than sound.5 “Go and post the letters,” the manager said to him.The manager _ him _ _ and post thelett

16、ers.”6. “I never eat meat.” he said.He said that _ never _ meat.7. “I ve found my wallet.” he said to me.He _ me that he _ _ _ wallet.8. “I took it home with me.” she said.She said that _ _ _ it home with her.9. The teacher said, “The sun rises in the east and goes down in the west. ”The teacher sai

17、d that the sun _ in the east and _ down inthe west.10. “I met her yesterday.” he said to me.He _ me that he _ met the day _.11. “You must come here before five.” he said.He said that I _ to go _ before five.12. “I bought the house 10 years ago.” he said.He said that he _ bought the house 10 years _.

18、13. “Did you see her last week?” he said.He _ _ I had seen her the week _.14. He said,“You can sit here, Jim.”He _ Jim that he _ sit there15. He asked,“How did you find it, mother?”He asked her mother _ _ _ found it.16. “Where have you been these days?” he asked.He asked me _ _ _been _ days.17.“Do you know where she lives?” he asked.He asked _ _ knew where she _.18.“Stop making so much noise, children.” he said.He _ the children _ _ making so much noise.19. “Dont tell him the news.” she said.She told me _ _ _ him the news.20. “Are you intested in this?” he said.He _ _ I was interestd