完整虛擬語(yǔ)氣用法表格歸納圖

1、虛擬語(yǔ)氣在 if 引導(dǎo)的條 件句 中的 用法三點(diǎn)：表示 于現(xiàn) 在事 實(shí)相反的虛擬條件句表示 與過(guò) 去事 實(shí)相反的擬條件句精品資料歡迎下載第四章虛擬語(yǔ)氣（一）狀語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣從句（條件）主句（目的）If+ 主語(yǔ) +動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式（be 用 were） 主語(yǔ) +would(should could might)+ 動(dòng)詞 If I had time, I would attend the 原型 meeting.If+ 主語(yǔ) +had+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞主語(yǔ) +would（should could might）+have+If he had hurried, he could have 動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞

2、caught the train.表示 與將 來(lái)事 實(shí)相反的虛擬條件句1、 If+ 主語(yǔ) +動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式2、 If+ 主語(yǔ) +were to+ 動(dòng)詞原形3、 If+ 主語(yǔ) +should +動(dòng)詞原形If I were to go abroad, I would go to America.主語(yǔ) +would（could should might）+動(dòng)詞原型錯(cuò)綜 時(shí)間 條件 句 有時(shí)條件從句中的動(dòng)作與主句中的動(dòng)作，發(fā)生的時(shí)間不一致，這是動(dòng)作的形主 從句 時(shí)間 不一 式應(yīng)根據(jù)它所表示的時(shí)間加以調(diào)整。致的 情況 下的 虛擬語(yǔ)氣If you had followed my advice, you wou

3、ld be better now.If you had studied hard before, you would be a college student now.有時(shí)虛擬條件句并沒(méi)用 if 從句表示出來(lái)，而是用介詞短語(yǔ)（ otherwise， or，without，but for）上下文或其他方式來(lái)表示。含蓄條件句She would have died without my help.。在 if 引導(dǎo)的表示虛擬的條件狀語(yǔ)從句中， 有時(shí)可以把虛擬條件中的連詞 if 省去，而將 had， should， were 等助動(dòng)詞提到主語(yǔ)之前。例：原句： 1: If she were younger

4、, she,would do it. 去 if ： Were she younger, she would do it.2: If you had come earlier, you would have met him. 條件從句中省略 if 去 if: Had you come earlier, you would have met him 采用 倒裝 語(yǔ)序 的情況3:If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing.去 if:Should it rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing.1.表示

5、與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反或?qū)ΜF(xiàn)在情況有懷疑，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式。He treats the boy as if he were his own son.精品資料歡迎下載2.表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。He spoke as if he had known about it.虛擬語(yǔ)氣在 as if/as 3表示與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反， (表示將來(lái)的可能性不大 ),用 would (might, could)+ though 引導(dǎo)的方式 動(dòng)詞原形狀語(yǔ)從句中He acts as if he could win in the game .注意： 1.在 as if/as though 句中，如果有可能成為事

6、實(shí)，用陳述語(yǔ)氣。例： He looks as if he going to be ill.2.as though或 as if 引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句，從句主語(yǔ)和主句主語(yǔ)相同時(shí)，從句中可省略主語(yǔ)和部分謂語(yǔ)。虛擬語(yǔ)氣用在lest，for fear that，so that及 in order that 引導(dǎo)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞多用 should/could/might+動(dòng)詞原型構(gòu)成的目 的狀 語(yǔ)從 句中For fear that it may rain tomorrow, we should bring an umbrella.表示“以防，以免”等意思（ should）+動(dòng)詞原型“In case”引導(dǎo)的從句中即可用

7、陳述句，例： 1.The game will be put off in case it (should) snow.也可以用虛擬語(yǔ)氣2.The game will be put off in case it snows.一：賓語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣1.在動(dòng)詞 wish/hope后的賓語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣 , 表示一種不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望。（二）名詞性從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣對(duì)現(xiàn)在情況的虛擬：從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式或過(guò)去進(jìn)行式。I wish (that) I were a bird.對(duì)過(guò)去情況的虛擬： 從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去完成時(shí)， 或 would ，could，might+現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。I wish (that) I

8、 had seen the film last night.對(duì)將來(lái)情況的虛擬：從句謂語(yǔ)“ would/should/could/might+ 動(dòng)詞原形”。 I wish (that) I wouldcould go.均以“ should+動(dòng)詞原型”表示這種語(yǔ)氣，“ should”常被省略。 We suggested that the meeting (should) be put off. They insisted that the boy (should) go with them.在表示建議，命令，要求，忠告，等動(dòng)詞的后面的賓語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣精品資料歡迎下載常用的此類動(dòng)詞有：表示“提議

9、，勸告，建議”的：propose, suggest, recommend, advise.表示“要求”的： ask, desire, request, demand, require, beg表示“同意，堅(jiān)持”的：insist表示“決定，命令”的：decide, order注意：suggest, insist不表示建議或堅(jiān)持要某人做某事時(shí)， 即它們用于其本意暗示，表明，堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句用陳述語(yǔ)氣。The smile on his face suggested暗(示） that he was satisfied with our work.The man insisted 【堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為】 th

10、at he had never stolen the money.Would rather，had rather，后的賓語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣“It is(was)+形容詞（或過(guò)去分詞） +that .”結(jié)構(gòu)中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式表示與現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)相反 I would rather you told me the truth.用過(guò)去完成式表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反。表示“寧愿做什么”或“對(duì)過(guò)去做的事的懊悔”。I would rather you had gone there last Sunday.注意： 1.若某人愿自己做某事， would rather 后用動(dòng)詞原型2.would rather .

11、than 中用動(dòng)詞原型I would rather do it by myself.I would rather watch TV at home than go to the cinema.主語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣表達(dá)形式為 should+動(dòng)詞原形或省略shouldIt s quite necessary that we should have a walk now.常用的形容詞：natural，appropriate，advisable，necessary，important，urgent，probable， possible，desirable，strange。注意：在上述所列形容詞后面用

12、that 引出的賓語(yǔ)從句中， 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。例： I dontthink it advisable that tom be assigned to the job since he has no experience.(湯姆缺乏經(jīng)驗(yàn)，指派他做這項(xiàng)工作我認(rèn)為是不恰當(dāng)?shù)?).表示建議，命令，請(qǐng)求，道歉，懷疑，驚奇等。 It s a pity that you (should) miss a good chance.在 “ It is (was)+ 名 詞這類名詞有： advice，decision，desire，demand，idea，order，pity ，proposal，+that

13、.”結(jié)構(gòu)句中的虛，wish，wonder等。recommendationsuggestionsurprise擬語(yǔ)氣精品資料歡迎下載二表語(yǔ)從句或同位語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣表達(dá)形式為 should+動(dòng)詞原型或直接用動(dòng)詞原型。某些表示建議，請(qǐng)求，命令等主觀意向的名詞My idea is that we (should ) think it over before accepting it.We all agree to that suggestion that the meeting (should) be put off.做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，其后的表語(yǔ)從句或同位語(yǔ)從句需用虛擬語(yǔ)氣在 It is demanded

14、/suggested/ordered/required.that-clause句型中從句用 (should )+動(dòng)詞原型It is demanded that we should work out a plan.這類名詞常見(jiàn)的有： demand，desire，requirement，advice，recommendation，suggestion， order， necessity， proposal， plan， idea。在 It is (about/high) time+that 定語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣表示“該做 .的時(shí)候了”其動(dòng)詞形式用一般過(guò)去時(shí)或 It is high time tha

15、t you wentshould+動(dòng)詞原型/ should go to school.注意：在 this is the first time/ second time that.句型中，從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用陳述語(yǔ)氣完成時(shí)態(tài)。This is the second time that we have achieved such a great success.選擇題1. If only he _quietly as the doctor instructed, he would not suffer so much now. A. lies B. lay C. had lain D. should l

16、ie2. How I wish every family _a large house with a beautiful garden.A. has B. had C. will have D. had had3. You did not let me drive. If we _in turn, you _ so tiredA. drove; didn t getB. drove; wouldn t get C. were driving; wouldnD. had driven ; wouldn t have got t get4. _it rain tomorrow, we would

17、have to put off the visit to the Yangpu Bridge A. Were B. Should C. Would D. Will5. I suggested the person _ to be put into prison6. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it_A. breaks B. has broken C. were broken D. had been broken7. I insisted _to see a doctor, but he insisted

18、 nothing _ wrong with him A. on him to go; should be B. he went; be C. he go; was D. he should to; is8. -Your aunt invites you to the movies today-I had rather she _ me tomorrow than todayA. tells B. told C. would tell D. had told精品資料歡迎下載9. -Would you have called her up had it been possible-Yes, but

19、 I _busy doing my homeworkA. was B. were C. had been D. would be10. I was ill that day, otherwise I _ the sports meetA. would have taken part in B. took part in C. had taken part in D. would take part in11._the clouds, you would find the airplane in the sky easilyA. Had it not been forB. If it were

20、not C. If it had not been for D. Were it not for12.If my lawyer _here last Sunday, he _ me from goingA. had been, would have prevented B. had been, would preventC. were, preventD. were, would have prevented13._hard, he would have passed the examA. If he were to work B. Had he workedC. Should he work

21、 D. Were he to work14. _today, he would get there by FridayA. Were he to leaveB. If he had left C. Did he to leave D. Had he left 15. Had you listened to the doctor, you _all right nowA. areB. were C. would beD. would have been16. I did not see your sister at the meeting. If she _, she would have me

22、t my brother A. has come B. did come C. come D. had come17. He _busy yesterday, or he _you with your experiment.A. was, had helpedB. was, would have helpedC. had been, would have helped D. were, wouldhave helped18. If it _for the snow, we_ the mountain yesterdayA. were not, could have climb B. were

23、not, could climb C. had not been, could have climbed D. hadn tbeen, could climb19.Without electricity, human life _quite difficult todayA. isB. will beC. would have been D. would be20.-I am going to tell her the news-I would as soon you _her about itA. didn t tellB. don t tell C. hadnD. wonttell t t

24、ell21.Mike s father, as well as his mother, insisted he _homeA. stayed B. could stayC. has stayedD. stay22.It was requested that the play _againA. should put onB. would put onC. be put on D. put on23.She insisted that a doctor _ immediatelyA. had sent forB. send C. be sent forD. was sent24.-Did you

25、scold him for his carelessness-Yes, but _itA. I d rather not doB. I d rather not have done C. I should Dtdo.I d terbetnot do25.If only I _my carA. hadn t lostB. wouldn t lose C. didn t loseD. haven t lost26.But for water, it _impossible to live in the earthA. isB. wouldC. were D. wouldn t be27.I wou

26、ld rather you _anything about it for the time beingA. doB. didn t Cdo. don tD.didnt28.The kind-hearted couple treat the orphan very well as though he _ their own sonA. isB. were C. had been D. should be29. How the old people wish that they _young once more A. were B. could become C. had been D. shou

27、ld be30. It is high time that we _ a meeting to discuss this problem精品資料歡迎下載A. holdB. heldC. have heldD. had held31.The thief closed his eyes _ he _dyingA. even if , wasB. though, would beC. even, had beenD. as if, were32.I wish that you _ such a bad headache because I am sure that you would have en

28、joyed the concertA. had notB. did not have hadC. hadn t hadD. hadn t have33.The chairman insisted that we _the question againA. will discussB. to discussC. should discussD. will be discussed34.He requested that the students _them get in cropsA. helpB. to helpC. helpedD. helping35.The guard at the ga

29、te insisted that everybody _the rulesA. obeysB. Obey C. will obey D. would obey36.I wish I _here thenA. wasB. had been C. were D. would be37.It is strange that he _back so earlyA. cameB. will come C. had come D. should have come38.Mother suggested that I _my homework first before watching TVA. didB.

30、 doC. shall doD. have done39.My suggestion is that the meeting _off till nest SundayA. be putB. putC. should putD. had been put40.He is talking so much about America as if he _ thereA. had been B. has been C. wasD. been41.The teacher demanded that the exam _ before elevenA. must finishB. would be fi

31、nishedC. be finishedD. must be finished42.-Sorry, Joe. I did not mean to-Don t call me“ Joe” , I am Mr. Parker to you, and _ you forget it!A. doB. didntC. didD. don t43.I did not attend the lecture by Pro. Jackson. I _ but I _ all this morningA. would, have washedB. could, have been washing C. would

32、 have, have been washingD. could have,had washing44.How I wish I _ to repair the watch! I only made it worseA. had triedB. hadnriedttC. have triedD. didn t try45.-How could I thank you enough?-Don t mention it. Any other man _itA. must doB. could do C. would have doneD. should have done46.Key Europe

33、an governments insist Iraq-operationsco_ good and military action_ to allowinspections to continueA. be, be delayedB. is, delayC. should be, be delayed D. is , be delayed47.If the hurricane had happened during the day-time, _more deathsA. it would have beenB. it would beC. there would beD. there would have been48. What the customers_ from the company is that the goods _ right to their homes. A. requested, deliver B. demand, be deliveredC. request, should deliver D. demand, delivered49. If law-breakers _ the society will be in disorderA. made unpunished B. came unpunished