小學英語語法知識匯總

1、六年級英語語法知識匯總一、詞類：1、    動詞：行為動詞、be動詞、情態(tài)動詞。（1）行為動詞原形、+s/es、+ed、+ing，具體判斷方法如下：（2）be動詞a、Am-was Is -was Are-were 口訣：我用am, 你用are, is用在他她它，所有復數(shù)全用are。b、肯定和否定句I am (not) from London. He /She is(not) a teacher. My hair is(not) long. Her eyes are(not) small.c、 一般疑問句 Am I ? Yes, you are. No, you a

2、rent. Are you/they? Yes,we/ they are. No,we/ they arent. Is the cat fat? Yes, it is. No, it isnt.is、am、are為一類，一般用于一般現(xiàn)在時、現(xiàn)在進行時和一般將來時中。was和were為另一類，一般用于一般過去時。（3）情態(tài)動詞can、must、should、would、may。情態(tài)動詞后動詞總是用原形。（不受其他任何條件影響）2、    名詞這里強調(diào)兩點：不可數(shù)名詞都默認為單數(shù)，所以總是用is或者was。如何加后綴：a一般情況下，直接加-s，如：book-books

3、, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-bedsb以s. x. sh. ch結尾，加-es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watchesc以“輔音字母+y”結尾，變y為i, 再加-es，如：family-families, strawberry-strawberriesd以“f或fe”結尾，變f或fe為v, 再加-es，如：knife-knivese不規(guī)則名詞復數(shù)： man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice

4、child-children foot-feet ,.tooth-teeth fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese3、    形容詞（包括副詞）形容詞表示某一事物或的特征，副詞表示某一動作的特征。形容詞和副詞只有兩種形式：原形和+er。未作比較的情況下就用原形，比較時就+er。兩個重要特征：asas中間一定用原形，有than的時候一定+er。4、    人稱代詞和物主代詞 人稱代詞物主代詞單數(shù)復數(shù)單數(shù)復數(shù)主格賓格主格賓格形容詞性（短）名詞性（

5、長）形容詞性（短）名詞性（長）第一人稱Imeweusmymineourours第二人稱youyouyouyouyouryoursyouryours第三人稱hehimtheythemhishistheirtheirssheherherhersitititsits人稱代詞：有主格和賓格之分。一般動詞前用主格，動詞后用賓格。物主代詞：有兩類：形容詞性物主代詞（短的）和名詞性物主代詞（長的）一般看后面有沒有名詞，如有，就用形容詞性物主代詞（短的）；如無，就用名詞性物主代詞（長的）。5、    數(shù)量詞我們學過兩類：基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞?；鶖?shù)用于表示數(shù)量多少，而基數(shù)詞用于表示次序，

6、常在日期中出現(xiàn)。序數(shù)詞的前面一般都加the。6、冠詞有a、an、the。a和an的區(qū)別：an用于元音音素（一般就是元音字母aeiou）前，a用于輔音音素前。二、否定句：be動詞（am、is、are、was、were）+not、情態(tài)動詞（can、must、should）+ not、助動詞（do、does、did） + not如何將一個肯定的陳述句改為否定句：1、看句中有無be動詞，如有，直接在be動詞后+ not。2、看句中有無情態(tài)動詞，如有，直接在情態(tài)動詞后+ not。3、如上述二者都沒有，就應用助動詞+ not。分四個步驟：（1）肯定陳述句中本來是沒有助動詞的，要加上去，位置在主語（某人或某

7、物）后，動詞前。（2）確定助動詞用do、does還是did，根據(jù)句中動詞，動詞是原形的助動詞就用do，動詞是第三人稱單數(shù)的助動詞就用does，動詞用過去式的助動詞就有did。（3）在助動詞后加not。（4）原句中動詞假如發(fā)生變化就要恢復成原形。強調(diào)一點，有some的要考慮是否要用any。三、一般疑問句。如何將一個肯定的陳述句改為否定句：1、看句中有無be動詞，如有，把be動詞提到句首即可。2、看句中有無情態(tài)動詞，如有，把情態(tài)動詞提到句首即可。3、如上述二者都沒有，就應把助動提到句首。分四個步驟：（1）肯定陳述句中本來是沒有助動詞的，要加上去，位置在主語（某人或某物）后，動詞前。（2）確定助動詞

8、用do、does還是did，根據(jù)句中動詞，動詞是原形的助動詞就用do，動詞是第三人稱單數(shù)的助動詞就用does，動詞用過去式的助動詞就有did。（3）把助動詞后提到句首。（4）原句中動詞假如發(fā)生變化就要恢復成原形。強調(diào)一點，有some的要考慮是否要用any。四、特殊疑問句。表示疑問，有疑問詞（在開頭），回答有很多種可能。常用疑問詞： 疑問詞意思用法When什么時間問時間What time什么時間問具體時間，如幾點鐘Who誰問人Whose誰的問主人Where在哪里問地點Which哪一個問選擇Why為什么問原因What什么問東西、事物What colour什么顏色問顏色What about

9、。怎么樣問意見What day星期幾問星期幾What date什么日期問日期What for為何目的問目的How。怎樣問情況How old多大年紀問年紀How many多少數(shù)量（可數(shù)名詞）問數(shù)量How much多少錢；多少數(shù)量（不可數(shù)名詞）問多少錢或數(shù)量（不可數(shù)）How about。怎么樣問意見How often多久問頻率How long多長時間問時間長度How far多遠問多遠；多長距離五、祈使句表示請求或命令別人做某事或不要做某事?？隙ㄆ硎咕湟欢ㄊ且詣釉~原形開頭（有時有please），否定的祈使句一定是dont加動詞原形開頭（有時有please）。把祈使句改為否定句只需在動詞前加dont即

10、可。六、時態(tài)1、一般現(xiàn)在時（1）一般現(xiàn)在時中的be動詞：一般用原形：am  is  aream用于第一人稱單數(shù)（I）；is用于第三人稱單數(shù)（he  she  it和其他人名或稱謂，如：Ben  his  sister等）；are用于第二人稱單數(shù)（you）和所有復數(shù)（包括第一人稱復數(shù)we、第二人稱復數(shù)you；第三人稱復數(shù)they和其他復數(shù)，如the  children 、 his  parents等）。（2）一般現(xiàn)在時中的動詞：第一種情況：主語是第三人稱單數(shù)（he  she  it 和其他，如He

11、len 、her  cousin 等），動詞后一般加s或es。第二種情況：主語不是第三人稱單數(shù)，動詞都用原形。（4）一般現(xiàn)在時判斷依據(jù)（如何判斷一個句子是一般現(xiàn)在時）：be動詞是am、is、are動詞用原形或加s、es沒有時間狀語或有usually、often、everyday、sometimes等不是具體的時間2、一般過去時（1）一般過去時中的be動詞：一般用過去式：was  werewas用于第一人稱單數(shù)（I）和第三人稱單數(shù)（he  she  it和其他人名或稱謂，如：Ben 、 his  sister等）；were用于第二人稱單數(shù)（you

12、）和所有復數(shù)（包括第一人稱復數(shù)we、第二人稱復數(shù)you；第三人稱復數(shù)they和其他復數(shù)，如the  children 、 his  parents等）。（2）一般過去時中的動詞：一般只有一種情況：+ed這里強調(diào)一點，和一般現(xiàn)在時不同的是這里不管主語是第幾人稱，也不管是單數(shù)和復數(shù)都加ed。（4）一般過去時判斷依據(jù)（如何判斷一個句子是一般過去時）：be動詞是was、were             動詞加ed有表示過去的時間狀語現(xiàn)在學過的常用的表示過去的時間狀

13、語有：just now      a moment ago      yesterday      last week      last night     last weekend      last year      last month&#

14、160;     three days ago      two weeks agofive years ago     this morning3、一般將來時（1）構成形式：Be going to +動詞原形， will + 動詞原形（2）一般將來時表示動作即將發(fā)生或某人打算做某事。（3）句中往往有tomorrow、soon、next week等詞。4、現(xiàn)在進行時（1）構成形式：Be動詞+動詞的ing形式這里強調(diào)一點，兩者缺少其中任何一種都不可以構成現(xiàn)在進行時。（

15、2）現(xiàn)在進行時表示動作正在進行或事情正在發(fā)生。（3）有用的依據(jù)：一個句子中既有be動詞，又有動詞，且動詞加了ing 該句是現(xiàn)在進行時（4）句中往往有now、look、listen等詞。動詞過去式、現(xiàn)在分詞的不規(guī)則變化：be 是was, werebeingbegin 開始beganbeginningbuild 建筑builtbuildingbuy 買boughtbuyingcan 能could無come 來camecomingcopy 拷貝copiedcopyingdo 做diddoingdraw 畫drewdrawingdrink 喝drankdrinkingdrive 駕車drovedriv

16、ingeat 吃ateeatingfeel 感覺feltfeelingfind 找尋foundfindingfly飛flewflyingforget 忘記forgotforgettingget 得到gotgettinggive 給予gavegivinggo 去wentgoinggrow 成長grewgrowinghave 有hadhavinghear 聽heardhearingkeep 保持keptkeepingknow 知道knewknowinglearn學習learnt, learnedlearninglet 讓letlettingmake 做mademakingmay 可以might無m

17、ean 意思meantmeaningmeet 見面metmeetingmust 必須must無put 放putputtingread 讀readreadingride 騎roderidingring 響rangringingrun 跑ranrunningsay 說saidsayingsee 看見sawseeingsing 唱歌sangsingingsit 坐satsittingsleep 睡覺sleptsleepingspeak 講話spokespeakingspend 花錢spentspendingstand 站立stoodstandingsweep 打掃sweptsweepingswim

18、游泳swamswimmingtake 拿到tooktakingteach 教taughtteachingtell 講述toldtellingthink 思考thoughtthinkingwill 意愿would無write 寫wrotewriti時 態(tài) 練 習1 I         (go) to school by bus everyday. 2 He        (go) for a walk on Sundays. 3

19、 Su Yang         (go) to a farm with her parents last weekend. 4 Lets        (go) and      (see). 5 What are you         (go) to do tomorrow? Im  

20、;    (go) to        (have) a picnic. 6 You         (have) a stove and she        (have) a tin-opener. 7 What time do you      

21、0;(have) breakfast? I       (have) breakfast at a quarter past seven. 8 What do you       (have)? They       (have) a blanket. 9 What are you doing? Im        (

22、have) an English lesson. 10 I        (have) a good time yesterday. 11 What are you going to do tomorrow? Im going to         (have) a picnic. 12What do you         (like)

23、? I       (like)         (duck). 13What does she        (like)? She        (like)          (take) photos. 

24、;14 Does he like        (plant) flowers? 15 I          (watch) TV at home last Sunday. 16 My father             (read) a newspaper now. 17 It

25、60;     (be) the National Day holiday last week. 18 I usually      (do) my homework at seven oclock.1.      寫出下列各詞的復數(shù)I_him_this_her_watch_child_photo _diary_day_foot_book_dress _tooth_sheep_box_strawberry_thief_yo-yo_pea

26、ch_sandwich_man_woman_paper_juice_water _milk _rice _tea_2. 寫出下列動詞的第三人稱單數(shù)drink_go_stay_make_look_have_pass _carry _come _watch _plant _fly _study _brush _do _teach_3. 寫出下列動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞put_give_fly_get _dance_sit_run_plant _take_swim _ask _stop _take _write _have _smoke _4. 寫出下列動詞的過去式isam_fly_plant_ar

27、e_drink_play_go_make_does_dance_worry_ask_taste_eat _draw _put _do  _5. 寫出下列詞的完全形式cant_Id_arent_theyre_lets_wasnt_thats_dont _whens_didnt_youre_doesnt _hes_shes_Im_isnt_Ive_shouldnt_Ill _whos _用“be動詞”或“助動詞”的適當形式填空：1. It          a quarter to ten . We 

28、;        having an English lesson.2. They          my parents . They           doctors.3. It          Sunday morning. It         sunny.4.  &

29、#160;             it often rain in spring? No , it         5.                you from the USA? Yes, I        .6.What        &

30、#160;Miss Li doing now?7.                you often play football together? No, we         .8.What         Su Yang and her sister do at the weekends?9.          

31、       there any apples in the bag ? Yes, there          .10.                 he like singing ? Yes , he          .11.There          a penci

32、l-box and some books in the desk.12.                  quiet , please.13.                 climb the tree .14. Ill         a goalkeeper.15.      &#

33、160;          you at home last night ? No , I          .16.                 Mike go shopping this ? No ,he         .17.          &

34、#160;      there a lot of snow in winter? No , there          .18.                you feel tired? Yes, we          .19.             

35、60;  the ball here just now ? No , it         .20.                we going to see a play this weekend? Yes , we         .21.Which season        your mother

36、 like best ?22.How many bananas        you have ?23.How many cars        there in the park ?24.How far          it from here ?25.What animals          you going to see tomorrow?一&#

37、160;  用適當?shù)慕樵~填空：1.      Please look        the blackboard. Dont listen         the teacher.2.      I can see a kite        the wall.3.&#

38、160;     Is Han Meimei        duty today?4.      The woman        the coat is Mrs Brown.5.      This is a picture        our

39、school.6.      Wuxi is        Jiangsu.7.      I am       Row Six. She is       Class One.They are        Grade Two.8.

40、60;     Whats this        English?9.      Can you sing this song        Japanese?10.  The boy        the green bike is Tom.11.  You cant see

41、 the broom. Its        the door.12.  You must look        your watch.13.  We are        home. Jim is        school.14.  The apples are  

42、0;     the tree. Now Tom is        the tree.15.  Look! The old man is        the tree.16.  The girl        her mother and father is American.17.  Please gi

43、ve the books        Jim.18.  Its        seven twenty.19.  We go to school               seven.20.  Show these pictures     &#

44、160;  your teacher.21.  Its time        go        school. Its not time        home.22.  I watch TV        eight     

45、0;  the morning.23.  Put it        , please. Dont take it        .24.  Is this a doctor        a teacher? Are Lily        Lucy his daughters

46、?二   用適當?shù)拇~填空：1.      Are those           trousers? No,            arent         .          

47、60;  are blue.(they)2.      Tom, wheres               bike? Is this black bike          ? No, it isnt     .      (my,min

48、e,your,yours)3.      Whats the womans name?                name is Gao Hui.              is an English teacher.(she,her,his,shes)4. 

49、60;             are twins,            names are Lucy and Lily.              look like        &#

50、160;   parents.(they)5.               am an English teacher.              name is Ma Ying.( I )6.            &

51、#160;  is                 good friend.             all like  .(he,him,we,you,our)7.      Can        

52、       help           ? Yes,            can.(her,she,I,you)8.      Give              an ap

53、ple, please. Which one is             ?The small one is         .(he)Where is              photo? Is that yours? No, thats not     

54、;        .             is black.( I )9.      Li Ming and I are boys.            are good friends.      &#

55、160;     parents are all teachers.10.  Ann and you are girls.              are English.             Chinese teacher is Mrs. Wang.11.  This is    

56、            classroom.          is small.But              is big.(ours,their,theirs)12.  These are grapes. Please put    

57、0;            on the table.(it,they,them)13.                 is young. Let                help  

58、;         .(she,her,hers,we,us)14.                 have some pen-friends.                 like to write to

59、60;          .(I,me,they,them,their)Fill in the blank with "have,has"or "there is , there are"1.I_a good father and a good mother.2._a telescope on the desk.3.He_a tape-recorder.4._a basketball in the playground.5.She_some dresses.6.Th

60、ey_a nice garden.   7.What do you_?8._a reading-room in the building?9.What does Mike_?10._any books in the bookcase?11.My father_a story-book.12._a story-book on the table.13._any flowers in the vase?14.How many students_in the classroom?15.My parents_some nice pictures.16._some maps on t

61、he wall.17._a map of the world on the wall.18.David_a telescope.19.David's friends_some tents.20._many children on the hill.用所給詞的適當形式填空 1.That is not _ kite. That kite is very small, but _ is very big.  ( I )2.The dress is _. Give it to _. ( she )       &#

62、160;3.Is this _ watch? (you) No, it's not _ . ( I )4._ is my brother. _ name is Jack. Look! Those stamps are _. ( he )5._ dresses are red. (we) What colour are _? ( you )6.Here are many dolls, which one is _ ?  ( she )7.I can find my toy, but where's _? ( you )8.Show _ your kite, OK? (t

63、hey)9.I have a beautiful cat. _name is Mimi. These cakes are _. ( it )10.Are these _ tickets? No, _ are not _. _ aren't here. ( they )11.Shall _ have a look at that classroom? That is _ classroom. ( we )12._ is my aunt. Do you know _ job? _ a nurse. ( she )13.That is not _ camera. _is at home. (

64、 he )14.Where are _? I can't find _. Let's call _ parents. ( they )15.Don't touch _. _ not a cat, _ a tiger!16._ sister is ill. Please go and get _. ( she )17._ don't know her name. Would you please tell _. ( we )18.So many dogs. Let's count _. ( they )19.I have a lovely brother.

65、 _ is only 3. I like _ very much. ( he )20.May I sit beside _? ( you )21.Look at that desk. Those book are on _. ( it ）           22.The girl behind _ is our friend. (she )將來時理論及練習六、同義句：be going to = willI am going to go swimming tomorrow（明天）. =

66、 I will go swimming tomorrow.1. 我打算明天和朋友去野炊。I_ _ _ have a picnic with my friends.I _ have a picnic with my friends.2. 下個星期一你打算去干嘛? 我想去打籃球。What _ _ _ _ _ next Monday? I _ _ _ play basketball.What _ you do next Monday? I _ play basketball.3. 你媽媽這個周末去購物嗎？是，她要去買一些水果。_ your mother _ _ go s

67、hopping this _?Yes, she _. She _ _ _ buy some fruit.4. 你們打算什么時候見面。What time _ you _ _ meet?用所給詞的適當形式填空。11. Today is a sunny day. We _ (have) a picnic this afternoon.12. My brother _ (go) to Shanghai next week.13. Tom often _(go) to school on foot. But today is rain. He _ (go) to

68、school by bike.14. What do you usually do at weekends? I usually _ (watch) TV and _(catch) insects?15. Its Friday today. What _she _ (do) this weekend? She _ (watch) TV and _ (catch) insects.16. What _ (d0) you do last Sunday? I _ (pick) apples on a farm. What _ (do) next Sunday? I _

69、(milk) cows.17. Mary _ (visit) her grandparents tomorrow.18. Liu Tao _ (fly) kites in the playground yesterday.19. David _ (give) a puppet show next Monday.20. I _ (plan) for my study now.六年級英語專項練習用所給詞的適當形式填空：1. The  football  under  the &#

70、160;table  is_ (he).2. Helen_ (visit) her  grandparent  on  Sunday.3. Did  you_ (watch) a  film  last  week .4. I'd  like_  (have) a  party.5. They 

71、60;are_ (water) flowers  at  home .6. We _ (milk) cows  ahd  picked  apples  on  a  farm .7. Helen's  family_  (be) at  home  last  Sunday .8. Ple

72、ase  open_ (they) for _ (I ).9. The  new  mirror  is_ (she).10. Jim  likes _ (watch) TV  very  much .11. They_ (go) to  a  farm  on  Christmas  Day .1

73、2. _  (do) Ben  and  Mike_ (go) to  school  together ?13. SuYang is_ (look) for_  (she) camera  now .14. New  Year's  Day  is_ (come).15. We_ (help) her 

74、60;with _ (do) housework  just  now .16. She_  (like) _  (listen) to  music.17. People_ (go) to  the  park  every  morning .18. Listen! The  girl _ (sing) over  

75、;there .19. Mike _  (have)a  blue  ballnoon. And  I      (have) a  green  one .20. There_ (be) some  bread  on the  plate .Can I_ (have) some ?21. Lets _ (clean

76、)  the  windows.22. Whens _ (he) birthday  ?23. Now  the  children  are_ (sing)  the  song .24. Ben  often _ (have)  breakfast  at  seven  in

77、0; the   morning .25. I _ (be) at  school  a  moment  ago ,I      (be) at  home  now .26. The  girl _ (visit)  Doctor Wang  last  month .27.

78、 Sunday  is  the _ (she) _ (do)  housework?29. Listen  The  little  girl  is_(cry).30. The  man  in  a  white  shirt  is  the 

79、0;park_ (keep).31. There  was  an_(excite) volleyball  match  in  their  school  last  week.32. They  are  going  to  have  a  Sports  

80、Day  on  the _ (twenty-one) of  December.33. Would  you  like_ (any) bread ?34. My  birthdays  on  the _ (three)  of  November.35. Today  is _ (Teachers) D

81、ay.36. Mike _ (not) like  listening  to  music.37. WangBing _ (give)      Ben  a  new  model  plane  as  a  birthday  present  yes

82、terday.38. Do  you  like _ (collect) stamps ?39. Where  are  you _ (CD) ?  They_ (be) in  the  desk  yesterday  evening.40. There _ (be) a pair of _ (glass) on 

83、 the  sofa  now .41. All  the  workers  are  very _ (excite).42. The  race  is  very_ (excite) .43. She_ (draw) pictures  every  week .44. Your  shoes  _ (be) there  just  now .45. Go  and  ask_ (he) the