高中英語語法復(fù)習(xí)學(xué)案教師片-形容詞和副詞Word版

1、高中英語語法復(fù)習(xí)學(xué)案教師片形容詞和副詞形容詞: 修飾名詞和代詞，在句中可以做定語、表語、補語。副詞：修飾形容詞、動詞、其他副詞、介詞短語和全句?；居梅?一) 形容詞作定語后置的情況：1. 1) There is nobody absent today. 2) Is there anything wrong with your car?【總結(jié)】 修飾由 some-; any-; every-; no- 和 body; -thing; -one 構(gòu)成的復(fù)合不定代詞2. 1) Please put your idea into the simplest language possible. 2)

2、That is the only solution possible. 3) That is the best book available.【總結(jié)】 以 able 或 ible 結(jié)尾的形容詞置于形容詞最高級或only 等詞修飾的名詞之后3. 1) There was a huge room, simple and beautiful. 2) She has many pencils, blue and red. 3) All nations, big or small, are equal.【總結(jié)】成對的形容詞可以后置4. 1) People aware of their own short

3、comings are wise. 2) The teacher asked me a question too difficult to answer.【總結(jié)】由 “形容詞+ 介詞 / 不定式”構(gòu)成的短語作定語時后置5. 1) There was an ancient tree 30 meters high. 2) They have a child three years old. 3) The soldiers crossed a river 4 miles wide.【總結(jié)】當(dāng)old; high; wide; long; deep 等附有數(shù)量詞的短語做定語時，表示量度的詞后置【題組訓(xùn)練

4、】1. - Is there anything new in todays newspaper? - No, (There is) nothing new. (沒有新內(nèi)容)2. I have something important (一些重要事情) to tell you.3. He did everything possible (可以做的一切事情) to make her happy.4. We have no rooms available (可用的房間) for you.5. People in the village, old and young (老的和少的), men and w

5、omen are fond of singing and dancing.【補充】1. 形容詞作前置定語和后置定語的不同含義1) the responsible man 可信賴的人 2) the present members 現(xiàn)在的成員 the man responsible 應(yīng)該負(fù)責(zé)的人 the members present 在場的成員3) the absent students 心不在焉的學(xué)生 4) the concerned teachers 憂心忡忡的老師 the students absent 缺席的學(xué)生 the teachers concerned 與相關(guān)的老師5) the p

6、roper way 適當(dāng)?shù)?正確的方法 6) an involved problem 一個難懂的問題 the way proper 正經(jīng)的/正式的方法 a problem involved 一個相關(guān)的問題2. 固定搭配1) Hes dead / blind drunk (= very drunk). 酩酊大醉2) Hes wide awake. 完全沒有睡意3) Its raining / snowing heavily. 雨/雪下得大4) Hes sound / fast asleep. 睡得香5) The traffic is heavy. 擁擠 His moustache is heav

7、y. 濃密6) Hes moving / breathing / smoking heavily. 吃力地 / 喘著粗氣地 / 多(二) 多個形容詞作定語的排列順序2 / 12 限定描繪大長高；形狀年齡和新老；顏色國籍跟材料；作用類別往后靠?！绢}組訓(xùn)練】1. The little white wooden house smells as if it hasnt been lived for years. (white; wooden; little)2. We spent the last few sunny days at the seaside. (few; sunny; last)3.

8、This pretty little Spanish girl is Lauras cousin. (Spanish; little; pretty)4. The first beautiful little white Chinese wooden bridge. 第一座美麗的中國小白木橋。(三) 表語形容詞：除了作表語，還可以做賓語補足語和后置定語： 以a-開頭： afraid; alone; awake; asleep; alive; alike; ashamed; afloat 表示健康狀況或感覺反應(yīng)： well; ill; glad; sorry; unable; worth; su

9、re 【題組訓(xùn)練】1. 交通事故發(fā)生后，司機(jī)依然活著。 The driver is still alive after the traffic accident.2. 她是那天晚上唯一一個醒著的人。 She was the only person awake that night.3. 這座城市是一個值得參觀的地方。 The city is a place worth visiting.4. 他是最偉大的健在的詩人。 He is the greatest poet alive.5. 我發(fā)現(xiàn)他在熟睡。 I found him sound / fast asleep.(四) 形容詞作狀語表示伴隨或

10、結(jié)果【題組訓(xùn)練】1. He returned home, safe and sound. (安然無恙)2. The goat rolled over, dead. (死了)3. He is standing there, full of fear. (充滿了恐懼)(五)副詞enough的用法【題組訓(xùn)練】1. Students brave enough to take this adventure course (足夠勇敢參加這次探險課的學(xué)生) will certainly learn a lot of useful sills.2. Strangely enough (很奇怪) some fa

11、mous scientists have the qualities of being both careful and careless.3. - Mary, look, what did I find? - Oh, my lost key? I cant thank you much enough.4. - I was riding along the street and all of a sudden, a car cut in and knocked me down. - You can never be too careful in the street.5. Trees are

12、good for man. We cant plant them too many.6. In a relay race, a player cant run fast enough. cant sb. cannot + adj. + enough can never / hardly + too + adj. 某人再 也不為過；越 越好 (六) 有些連詞也可以作副詞，常放在句末：though; (ever) since; in case【句型轉(zhuǎn)換】1. Although / Though it was a hard job, he took it. = It was a hard job,

13、he took it, though. = It was a hard job, however, he took it.2. We havent heard from him since he left home two weeks ago. = He left home two weeks ago and we havent heard from him ever since.3. I will take my umbrella in case it should rain. = I dont think it will rain, but I will take my umbrella

14、in case.二、形容詞和副詞的比較等級（一）同級比較A. as as; not as / so as 【題組訓(xùn)練】1. Henry is a worker as good as Peter. Henry 和Peter 一樣都是好工人。 = Henry is as good a worker as Peter.2. Henry does not have so many books as I have. Henry的書不如我的多。 = Henry does not have as many books as I have. 3. The building is 100 meters tall

15、. 這棟樓有100米高。 = The building is as tall as 100 meters.B. 貌似同級比較的固定習(xí)慣用語as / so long as 只要；有 之久 as far as 遠(yuǎn)到地點；就 而言as soon as 一 就 as well as 和 一樣好；既 又as good as (= very nearly) 與幾乎一樣； 幾乎；簡直【題組訓(xùn)練】1. He has experience as well as knowledge.2. The man was lying on the ground, as good as dead.3. As far as I

16、 know, he is a reliable person.4. I will work as / so long as I live.5. And as soon as he became president, he thought the Korean War to an end.(二) 比較級A比較級的修飾語： rather; much; still; even; far; any （否定疑問句）；a lot; a little; a great deal; by far; a bit 原級的修飾語：very; quite; rather; fairly; pretty 最高級的修飾語

17、： by far; nearly; almostB. 用比較級的句型結(jié)構(gòu)1). The longer you stay, the better it will be.2). The new city is becoming more and more beautiful.3). The taller of the two boys is my brother.4). She is taller than I by three inches. = She is three inches taller than I.5). - Ann acts quite unfriendly. - I thin

18、k shes more shy than unfriendly.【題組訓(xùn)練】1. If you study hard, your English will become better and better. 如果你努力學(xué)習(xí)，你的英語會變得越來越好。2. I like the bigger one of the two dictionaries. 我喜歡這兩本字典中較大的那本。3. This desk is longer than that one by one foot. 這張桌子比那張長一英尺。 = This desk is one foot longer than that one.4.

19、The more she thought about it, the more depressed she became. 她越想越沮喪。5. He is more my friend than my teacher. 與其說他是我的老師，不如說他是我的朋友。6. Mr. Green has been ill for a few days, I wonder whether he is any better. 格林先生病了好幾天了， 我想知道他是否好點了。C 比較的對象不能相互包含，常見句型是： any other + 單數(shù)名詞 all (the) other + 復(fù)數(shù)名詞比較級 + than

20、 + anyone else any of the other + 復(fù)數(shù)名詞 the rest of + 復(fù)數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞【注意】China is larger than any other country in Asia. any country in Africa.【句型轉(zhuǎn)換】She is the cleverest student in my class.= She is cleverer than any other student in my class.= She is cleverer than anyone else in my class.= She is clevere

21、r than all (the) other students in my class.= She is cleverer than any of the other students in my class.= She is cleverer than the rest of the students in my class.D. 比較的對象應(yīng)該相同1. 當(dāng)被比較的雙方的定語不同，常需要使用代詞that 或those2. 當(dāng)用于特指的物時，可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞用代詞that; 可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)用代詞those 當(dāng)用于泛指人或物時，可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)用代詞one; 可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)用代詞ones3.

22、一般的比較用than，而 senior; junior; superior 則不用than 而用to【改錯】1. The population of China is larger than Japan. than 前加that of 2. China has a larger population than that of Japan. 刪去 that of E. 注意比較對象的省略現(xiàn)象1. The pianos in the other shop will be _, but _. A. cheaper; not as better B. more cheaper; not as bett

23、er C. cheaper; not as good D. more cheap; not as good2. John plays football _, if not better than, David. A. as well B. as well as C. so well D. so well asF. 貌似比較級的習(xí)慣用語no other than 只有；正是 more than 不止；不僅僅 no more than = onlyrather than 而不是 far more 及其 more or less = almostless than 毫不；絕不 no better t

24、han 并不比強 no less than 與一樣不少other than 除以外 not more than 不超過；最多 more A than B 與其說B倒不如說AThis is more than I can tell you. more than + 主語 + can + 謂語 非 所能； 不能This tool is no more useful than that one. no more + adj. / adv. 原形 + than 兩者同樣不This tool is not more useful than that one. not more + adj. / adv.

25、 原形 + than A 不比B更【題組訓(xùn)練】1. The work is more or less finished, so lets have a short break.2. In no country other than Britain can experience four seasons in the course of a single day.3. He prefers to stay at home rather than go to the cinema.4. More than one student was given away a ticket to the con

26、cert, so we can set off together.5. He is far more pleased at the news that he has been admitted to Beijing University.6. His whole school education added up to no more than one year, but he became a inventor.7. That boy is no better than a beggar.8. I dont like the idea so I am less than enthusiast

27、ic about the idea.G. 否定+ 比較級 = 最高級1. He has never spent a more worrying day. 他度過了最擔(dān)心的一天。2. There is no greater love than that of a mother. 母愛是最偉大的愛。 三、高考?？家谆禳c(一) 表示倍數(shù)的句型1. A + be + times + as + adj. 原形 + as + B2. A + be + times + adj. 比較級 + than + B3. A + be + times + the + 性質(zhì)名詞 + of + B4. The + 性質(zhì)名

28、詞 + of + A + be + times + that / those of + B【題組訓(xùn)練】翻譯：這條路是那條路的四倍長。1. The road is four times as long as that one.2. The road is 3 times longer than that one.3. The road is 4 times the length of that one.4. The length of this road is 4 times that of that one.(二) 不定量的表達(dá)法修飾可數(shù)名詞修飾不可數(shù)名詞修飾可數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞(a) fewqu

29、ite a fewmanymany aa good / great manya number ofa bit of(a) littlea great deal ofa large amount ofmucha lot of / lots ofenoughplenty ofa large quantity oflarge quantities ofsome / anymasses of【題組訓(xùn)練】1. The young dances looked so charming in their beautiful clothes that we took _ pictures of them. A.

30、 many of B. masses of C. the number of D. a large amount of2. _ work has been done to improve the peoples living standard. A. Many B. A great many C. A large number of D. A great deal of3. _ of food were spread out on the table. A. Large quantities of B. A large quantity of C. A great many D. A larg

31、e number of(三) 下列形容詞作表語時，通常主語不用“人”，而用“it”possible; impossible; probable; necessary; convenient; inconvenient 【題組訓(xùn)練】判斷正誤1. It is probable that it will rain today. () 2.It is probable to rain today. (×)3. It is likely to rain today. () 4. Please come here if you are convenient. (×)5. It is n

32、ot convenient to work at weekends. () 6. You can go there if it is necessary. ()7. You can go there if you is necessary. (×)(四) 幾組易混形容詞和副詞的比較too much = much 太多 + 不可數(shù)名詞much too = too實在太 + mon 普通的；共同的usual 慣常的；通常的normal 符合標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的；正規(guī)的ordinary 普通的；一般的regular 有規(guī)律的；定期的(not +) nearly 一點兒也不; 相差甚遠(yuǎn)alm

33、ost (+ no ) = hardly (+ any)fairly “還算“ (修飾褒義詞)quite “頗為” + 形容詞比較級 + 動詞 + 名詞 + a + adj. + 名詞 + 不分級的形容詞 表示“完全I(xiàn)t is possible / probable / likely + that It is possible (for sb. ) to do sth.Sb. / Sth. be likely to do sth.”rather “十分” + 比較級 / too + 動詞 + a + adj. + 名詞pretty “十分” （informal）very “非常“【題組訓(xùn)練】1

34、. _ none of us could solve the math problem, for it is too difficult. A. Hardly B. Nearly C. Almost D. Seldom2. _ anybody came to the party because of the heavy rain. A. Hardly B. Nearly C. Almost D. Seldom3. She is not _ as pretty as her sister. A. hardly B. nearly C. almost D. seldom4. Allen had to call a taxi because the box was _ to carry all the way hom