詞類語法點總結(jié)學(xué)案

1、 第一部分 上節(jié)課作業(yè)講解、在家背記情況 第二部分 詞類語法點鞏固名詞：復(fù)數(shù)的變化規(guī)則1.一般情況下，直接加s，如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds. 2.以s，x，sh，ch結(jié)尾，加es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, watch-watches. 3.以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾，變y為i, 再加es，如：family-families, hobby-hobbies. 4.以f或fe結(jié)尾，變f或fe為v, 再加es，如：thief-thieves, knife-knives.5.以o結(jié)尾，加es，如：mango-mangoes. 加s，

2、如：radio-radios，photo-photos.6.不規(guī)則變化，如：man-men, woman-women, child-children, foot-feet, tooth-teeth. 7.不可數(shù)名詞有:bread, juice, tea, coffee, water, rice等。(不可數(shù)名詞相對應(yīng)的be動詞是is/was)不規(guī)則變化:man-men woman-women policeman-policemen policewoman-policewomen mouse-mice child-children foot-feet tooth-teeth fish-fish p

3、eople-people chinese-chinese japanese-japanese englishman-englishmen frenchman-frenchmen deer-deer goose-geese man teacher- men teachers woman teacher-women teachers apple tree-apple trees 名詞所有格：表示人或物品所屬關(guān)系時，就需要使用名詞所有格。名詞所有格的構(gòu)成有以下規(guī)則：1.一般情況下，在名詞的末尾加s構(gòu)成。如：toms book2.以“-s”結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)名詞的所有格，只在其末尾加。如：our teache

4、rs books3.表示幾個人共同擁有的東西時，只在最后一個名字上加所有格。 如：su hai and su yangs bedroom冠詞：a, an和the的用法1. an umbrella, an uncle, an unpleasant trip, an unusual boy, an ugly girl, an mp3 2. a uniform, a university, a unit, a ufo, a useful book, a european country 3. an hour, an honest boy4. an “a”( e, f, h, i, l, m, n,

5、o, r, s, x) , a “b”( c, d, g, j, k, p, q, t, u, v, w, y, z)5. a one-year-old baby, an eight-year-old boy, an eleven-year-old girl 6. (無冠詞)childrens day, may day, the spring festival 7. i lost the book i bought last week. is it a black one?8. do you know the boy next to mary / the man in white? 形容詞.副

6、詞的比較級：1. an elephant is (very, quite, so, too) big(原級).2. a friend of mine is as heavy(原級) as me. he is not so/ as tall(原級) as her.3. much+比較級, more+原級: he is much fatter that her. he is much more confident than her.4. 一些特殊的句型：1） jim is the taller of the two (boys).2） our school is much (far/ still/

7、 even/ a lot/a little) (比較級) more beautiful than yours.3） the earlier, the better.4） when summer comes, the weather gets hotter and hotter.5） if you do sports every day, you will become healthier and healthier.6） today english is becoming more and more important.7） he is 2 kilos heavier than i am.8）

8、 paris is one of the liveliest cities in the world.10) .the yellow river is the second longest river in china.(序數(shù)詞+最高級) 不規(guī)則的比較級和最高級原級比較級最高級good (好的) well (健康的)betterbestbad (壞的) ill (有病的)worseworstoldolder (elder)oldest (eldest)many much (多的)moremostlittle (少的)lessleastfar (遠(yuǎn)的)farther (further)farth

9、est(furthest) 基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞：1.one-first, two-second, three-third, five-fifth, nine-ninth,twelve-twelfth, twenty-twentieth, forty-one-forty-first.序數(shù)詞前一定要加the. 基數(shù)詞變成序數(shù)詞的方法：（1）直接在基數(shù)詞詞尾加上th， 如：seventh第七，tenth 第十，thirteenth 第十三；（2）以y結(jié)尾的基數(shù)詞，變y為ie，再加上th，如：twentieth 第二十.（3）不規(guī)則變化，如：first 第一, second 第二， third 第三，fi

10、fth 第五， eighth 第八， ninth 第九，twelfth 第十二.（4）基數(shù)詞“幾十幾”變?yōu)樾驍?shù)詞時，表示“幾十”的基數(shù)詞不變，只把表示“幾”的基數(shù)詞變成序數(shù)詞，如twenty-first 第二十一。3.序數(shù)詞的縮略形式是由阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字和序數(shù)詞的最后兩個字母構(gòu)成的， 如：1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th。代詞: 1. 人稱代詞的五種基本形式：人稱單復(fù)數(shù)主 格賓 格形容詞性物主代詞名詞性物主代詞反身代詞第一人稱單 數(shù)imemyminemyself復(fù) 數(shù)weusouroursourselves第二人稱單 數(shù)youyouyouryoursyourself復(fù) 數(shù)youyouyouryo

11、ursyourselves第三人稱單 數(shù)hehimhishishimselfsheherherhersherselfitititsitsitself復(fù) 數(shù)theythemtheirtheirsthemselves2. 人稱代詞的基本用法：主格：用作句子的主語，放在動詞前（疑問句式放在特殊動詞后）；e.gshe lives in toronto, canada.does he speak english?賓格：用作句子的賓語，放在動詞或介詞后；e.gyesterday my mother bought me a new bike.i usually go to movies with her o

12、n weekends.形容詞性物主代詞：用作句子的定語，之后必須帶名詞；e.gthis is my book. thats his book.名詞性物主代詞相當(dāng)于一個名詞詞組,之后不能帶名詞（其代換的名詞需在前文中出現(xiàn)）；e.ghis book is much newer than mine(= my book).反身代詞：一般放在動詞后，要求同主語人稱一致。e.gshe teaches herself english.介詞:in的用法：1.用在某范圍或某空間內(nèi)，如：in the desk2.在一段時間內(nèi)，如：in the morning3.以，用方式，如：in englishin和on的區(qū)別

13、：樹上長出來的用on,不是樹上長出來的則用in。in, on, at的區(qū)別：in, on, at都可以用來放在時間前面，但是in后面一般是morning，afternoon，evening,月份.年份.季節(jié)或者指某一段時間內(nèi)；on用在具體某一天，如：on sunday morning；at一般用在某個假期期間（不是指具體的某一天），它還可以用在具體的時間，如：at spring festival, at five oclock.小學(xué)英語教材中出現(xiàn)的介詞有：in, on, from, of, by, about, for, under, behind, after, before, with,

14、near, off, at, to, around, nearby等。課堂練習(xí)：1.寫出下列名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式zoo_sheep _thief _woman_ mouse_ box _peach_ boy _family_photo_foot_leaf_ german_goose_dress_sandwich_strawberry_tomato_potato_tooth _englishman _child _deer_2. 單復(fù)數(shù)相互轉(zhuǎn)換,每空一詞（含縮寫）。 1. the woman is a nurse.（改為復(fù)數(shù)句） the _ _ _ . 2. there are some old ca

15、rs behind the house.（改為單數(shù)句） there_ _old _ behind the house. 3. he has a new book.（改為復(fù)數(shù)句） _ _new _.4.is there a sheep on the hill?（改為復(fù)數(shù)句） _ there _ _ on the hill?( )1.this bag isnt mine, its _, i think. a.mary b.mays c.marys( )2.how many_ are there in the zoo? a.sheep b.monkey c.fish( )3.children s d

16、ay is in_. a.june b.july c.may( )4.two_and three _will come to visit our school tomorrow . a. americans,japaneses b. americans,japanese c. american,japanese( ) 5.-what are they? -they are _. a. nurse b. nurses c. a nurse ( ) 6.there arent books on the table. a.some b. any c. a代詞一.用括號中所給代詞的正確形式填空。1.w

17、ho can help _ (she) to carry the box?2.mum, we are very hungry. give _ (we) some bread, please.3.open the door for_ (i), please.4.today is _ (she) birthday of 6. david got a computer from _ (he) parents.5.this is your classroom. _ (we) classroom is next to the teachers office.6.my uncle has a daught

18、er. he loves _ (she) very much.7.tommy has a cute cat. _ (it) name is ketty.8.- i like collecting coins very much. - _ (i) too.9.- whose books are these? - theyre _ (they) books, i think.10.- is that man _ (you) father? yes, _ (he) is.形容詞副詞比較級最高級根據(jù)句意填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~:1.mike is 45kg, i am 45kg. so i am _ heavy

19、_ mike.2.which monkey is _ _, the yellow one, black one or little one? (strong)3.who is _, your father or mother? (thin)4.summer is the _ (hot) season in a year.5.beef is _ _ (delicious) than pork.( )6.the killer whale is heavy. the sperm whale is _, too. a.the thinnest b.heavy c.heavier( )7.mike is

20、 _ than all his classmates.a. the thinnest b.thiner c.thinner( )8.the house is_ cheaper than the one we saw yesterday. a.more b. much c. many( )9.i think rose is_ than that one. a.many more b.more much c.much more( )10.the story is _and _ than that one . a.shorter, funnier b. short,funnier c. long,

21、funnier( )11.alice was ill last week, but she becomes _ and _ now. a.gooder, better b. good, better c. better, better( )12.he is _ tallest _ the three. a. the; of b. ; of c. the; on d. ; in( )13.which is_, an elephant or a shark? a.big b.biger c.bigger( ) 14.the smile on the boys face showed that he

22、 was_. a.sad b.angry c.excited( )15. jack studies english very_. a .good b hard c .careful.冠詞 ( ) 1.what are you going to do christmas eve?. a. on b. in c. at ( )2.there is _ “s” in the word “is”. a. a b. an c. the ( )3.mothers day may a. in the b. in c. is in( )4.there is “f” in the word “friend”.t

23、om is friend of mine.there is _“u” in the word “umbrella”. umbrella is behind the door. a.a,a,an,an b. an,a,an,an c. an, a,a,an( )5.i have got mp4 player. a . a b. an c. the ( ) 6. by way,can you tell me how to go to the library?a. a b. an c.the d. /數(shù)詞( )1.childrens day is in the (six)month of a yea

24、r.( )2.jack is my english teacher.a. three b. the third c. third( )3mr green is my english teacher . a one b the first c first( )4.i am in _.a. class 5 b. 5class c. class 5th ( )5._people visit our school . a. hundred of b. hundreds of c.seven hundreds d. seven hundreds of ( ) 6 there are _ months i

25、n a year. a. twelve b. twelfth c. thirteen d. twelfths 介詞/連詞( ) 1.mothers day maya. in the b. in c. is in( )2.what do you do monday morning? a.on b.in c. at( )3.what are you going to do christmas eve? a on b in cat( )4.i like hamburgers french fries , but i dont like fruit vegetables. a.and ,or b.or

26、,and c.and,but( )5. she has a son. a. four years old b. four-years-old c. four-year-old tom doesnt wake up night. she likes travelling air.i bought a pen that shop. zhang peng is sleeping his bedroom.can you see some apples the tree. lily is duty today.there is a supermarket my home. i like travelling and i want to go the world.count one ten. whats the time ? its half ten.i am a schoolboy. i have lessons from monday to friday. on sunday morning, i usually get up very late. i wash my face and then go out to do morning exercises. it is about nine o'clock. after i eat my breakfast.