高一英語學習筆記

1、資料來源：來自本人網(wǎng)絡整理！祝您工作順利！高一英語學習筆記 還在擔憂上課跟不上筆記嗎？正值當下青春年華，加油！ 有了這些高一的英語就不用愁了，超具體！ 必修一unit1 1 add相關用法 示加；增加,常與介詞to連用，即add to ,把加到中去；往中加。 eg:if you add 4 to 6, you get 10. 4加6等于10。 add some hot water if you think the coffee is much too strong. 假如你覺得這咖啡太濃，就加點兒熱水。 2. add表示補充說道,即又說；連續(xù)說。 eg:and i expect your li

2、ttle sister will come, too, added she. 她接著又說：而且我盼望你的小妹妹也能來。 mother added that we must get back as soon as possible. 媽媽接著又說我們必需盡早回來。 3. add to表示增加；增加,其中to是介詞，后接名詞或代詞。有時也可用來表示房屋的擴建或書的續(xù)寫等。 eg:each girl present at the party was wearing a flower in the hair, which added to their beauty. 參與晚會的姑娘人人頭上都戴有一朵花

3、，使得她們顯得愈加美麗。 the soldiers were extremely tired and the heavy rain added to their difficulty. 戰(zhàn)士們累極了，而大雨更是增加了他們的困難。 this old house has been added to from time to time. 這幢老房子曾一再擴建。 has that book of his been added to later? 他的那本書后來曾續(xù)寫過嗎？ 4. add up 表示把加起來；add up to 那么表示加起來總和為。 eg:can you add these ten f

4、igures up? 你能把這十個數(shù)字加起來嗎？ all these figures add up to 5,050. 全部這些數(shù)字加起來總和為5,050。 此外，add up to 在口語中還有以下兩種用法： 1 作含義是；表示；等于；總而言之講。 eg:his remarks added up to a condemnation of my plan. 他的看法總之就是責備我的方案。 2 作有意義；講得通。 egi dont think what she said added up at the meeting. 我認為她在會上的發(fā)言沒有意義。 2cover把握詞義 包含，播報，走完，進展

5、 3pay pay attention to 關注 pay for支付 pay off=pay by歸還 pay a visit to 參觀 4prefer prefer to do 表示一時性的喜愛 prefer doing表示長時間的，一貫性的喜愛 。prefer sth 喜愛某物 。prefer to do instead of doing 喜愛做某事而不是做某事 。prefer sb to do sth 喜愛干某事 。prefer a to b 喜愛做a,不喜愛作b 。prefer doing a to doing b 喜愛做a,不喜愛作b 。prefer to do a raher

6、than do b 喜愛做a,不喜愛作b 。prefer to do a than do b 喜愛做a,不喜愛作b 5plan to do sth=mean to do sth 準備做某事 mean doing sth意味著做某事 5 badly 。they have both behaved very badly and i am very hurt. 他們倆都很不友善，讓我特別難受。 。the european parliament badly needs a president who can burnish its image. 歐洲議會急需一位能改善其聲望的主席。 。he had w

7、renched his ankle badly from the force of the fall. 他因摔倒而嚴峻扭傷了腳踝。 6upset 用法】 用作動詞，意為“to cause to turn or tip over “打翻，推翻; “to distress or perturb mentally or emotionally使不適，使心煩例如：i upset the soup all over the table.我把湯打翻在桌上了 the bad news upset me.那那么壞消息使我心煩意亂 upset還可以用作形容詞，意為“不適的;不舒適的“混亂的“不安的例如：upse

8、t stomach吃壞了的肚子upset parents 不安的父母親 james was upset because he had lost his ticket.詹姆斯很煩躁，因為他把車票弄丟了 所以an upset man這樣的表述是可以的 只是upset在描繪人的時候通常用somebodybe動詞upset,更加符合英美人的用法 7calm down使冷靜 calm adj. 形容詞 水面安靜的，天氣無風的 of water not rough, smooth; of weather not windy 冷靜的，鎮(zhèn)靜的; 安靜的，心平氣和的 free from excitement,

9、nervous activity, or strong feeling; quiet and untroubled n. 名詞 su寧靜; 安靜; 冷靜，不緊急 peace and quiet; absence of excitement of nervous activity su天氣無風，無浪狀態(tài) an absence of wind or rough weather v. 動詞 vt. vi. 使安靜; 使冷靜 make or become calm 8so和such用法 so adv.表示“如此、“這樣的意思。用作副詞，修飾形容詞和副詞。主要構造有： 。so +adj.+a/an +可

10、數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+that從句 。so+adj./adv.+that從句 。so+many/few/much/little+復數(shù)可數(shù)名詞+that從句 suchadj.表示“如此“這樣的意思。用作形容詞，修飾名詞。主要構造有： 。such+a/an+adj.+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞+that從句 。such+adj.+不行數(shù)名詞+that從句 。such+adj.+復數(shù)可數(shù)名詞+that從句 9 do/does/did加動詞原形表示強調 do表示加強語氣的用法 在一般如今時和一般過去時里，dodid經(jīng)常用來加強語氣。第一種狀況，就是用在確定的陳述句中，放在主語和謂語動詞之間，漢語中常以“確實、“的確來表示。如

11、： i do think he is right.我的確認為他是對的。 i do want to go！我真想去！ he did read it.他的確讀了。 thats exactly what she did say.這就是她講的話。 其次種狀況，就是用于確定的祈使句開頭，只用法如今時，如： do go to school！可肯定要上學呀！ do tell me what happened！肯定告知我發(fā)生了什么事！ do ask，if you have any questions.假如有問題，務必提出。 假如祈使句原來動詞是be，加強語氣時要變成do be： do be diligent！

12、可要用功哦！ 以上兩種狀況dodid均重讀。第三種狀況就是由于never，hardly，only then等副詞放在句首加強語氣，主語前需加 dodid。如 never did i see him again.我從未再見過他。 hardly did i think it possible.我?guī)缀跽J為這是不行能的。 only then did i realize the importance of agricultural labour.只是在那時我才認識到農(nóng)業(yè)勞動的重要性。 i dont know him.nor do i want to.我不認識他，也不想認識 10強調句 。 it is t

13、he communist party that leads us to victory.是共產(chǎn)黨指導我們走向成功的 。 。 it is john who/that might have bought a new book yesterday for mary.昨天是約翰給瑪麗買了一本新書。 。 it is a new book that john might have bought yesterday for mary.約翰昨天給瑪麗買的是一本新書。 。 it is yesterday that john might have bought a new book for mary.約翰是在昨天

14、給瑪麗買了一本新書的。 。 it was two days ago that he died. 他是兩天前去世的。 。 it was in the park that the child was lost. 這個孩子是在公園喪失的。 。 it was for the meeting that he came here. 他是來這里開會。 那句型這么重要練習一下吧 還有一些你不知道的，可以用在寫作上作為高級句型 必修一unit1unit2 首先要說的呢，肯定要留意我說重要的地方！ 1、concern 這可是一個大詞哦特殊重要！ 一、用作動詞 關系到，影響 the world cup taking

15、 place in germany concerns all the fans throughout the world. 在德國進行的世界杯足球賽影響到全世界全部的球迷們。 留意：其過去分詞concerned常用來作表語，意為“和有關；牽涉；而作定語，那么意為“有關的。 it is reported that the pop singer is concerned with selling drug. 據(jù)報道，那個流行歌手涉嫌販毒。 he asked all concerned to take an active part in helping the girl. 他要求全部相關的人主動關心

16、那個女孩。 dont interfere in what doesnt concern you.別管與自己無關的事。 使擔憂；使關懷；使苦惱 the boys poor performance at school concerned his parents. 這個男孩在學校很差的表現(xiàn)，使他父母很擔憂。 留意：其過去分詞concerned通常作形容詞用，意為“擔憂的；苦惱的；憂慮的。 the concerned parents were all concerned for the childrens safety. 憂心忡忡的家長們都為孩子們的平安擔憂。 二、用作名詞。 1. 有關的事可數(shù) th

17、ats my concern, so ill do as i like about it. 那是我的事，因此，我想怎么做就怎么做。 2. 關心；關懷不行數(shù) some people dont show much concern for our environment. 有些人不太關懷我們的環(huán)境。 3. 著急；憂慮不行數(shù) there is now considerable concern for their illness. 如今對他們的病相當擔憂。 there is growing concern that 越來越擔憂 4. 對某人來說最重要或最感愛好的事可數(shù) what are your mai

18、n concerns as a golf player? 作為一個高爾夫球員，你最關懷什么？ 5. 企業(yè)；公司；商行可數(shù) tcl is a large concern in our country. tcl 是我們國家的一個大企業(yè)。 6. 股份可數(shù) many managers have concerns in their businesses. 很多經(jīng)理在企業(yè)中都占有股份。 三、常用搭配： concern oneself with / in / about sth. “忙于某事 / 關懷某事 / 參加某事。如： she concerns herself with social welfare.

19、 她從事社會福利工作。 as / so far as sb. / sth. be concerned“就某人 / 某物而言。如： as far as im concerned, i dont object to your decision. 就我個人而言，我不反對你的打算。 be concerned in / with sth. “與某物有牽連。如： he was concerned with the crime. 他與那起罪案有關。 be concerned to do sth.“把做某事視為自己的事情。如： he is always concerned to help others.他總是

20、把關心別人看作是自己的事情。 show / express concern about / for “對表示關懷、擔憂。如： she showed a great deal of concern for her sons illness. 她特別擔憂她兒子的病情。 have a concern in / with “與有利害關系。如： i have no concern with that company.我與那家公司沒什么關系。 be concerned about / that “關懷；擔憂。如： im concerned that they may have got lost. 我擔憂他

21、們可能迷路了。 四、同根詞： concerned形容詞，意為“有關的；擔憂的。如： concerned parents held a meeting. 憂心忡忡的家長們開了一次會。 concerning介詞，意為“關于；有關。如： concerning his proposal, there are pros and cons. 關于他的提案，有贊成和反對兩種看法。 2、set相關短語 set out,set off, set about, set apart, set aside 。set out動身旅程+介詞+n.;to do sth.著手做=set about doing sth. a.

22、they set out on the last stage of their journey. 他們開頭了旅行的最終一程。 kate set out for the house on the other side of the bay.凱蒂動身去海灣另一邊的房子she set out at dawn. 她天一亮就動身了。 b. he set out to paint the whole house.他開頭著手粉刷整幢房子 c. 開啟新事物、困難、重要的事物等my nephew is just setting out on a career in journalism.我侄子剛剛開頭了他記者的

23、事業(yè)所以，“開頭一場表演中的“開頭不用set out,簡潔用start/begin就可以：start a show / let the show begin/start 。set about: 開頭，著手+sth./doing sth. a. you must set about your work at once. 你必需馬上開頭工作。 b. do you know how to set about going on this work? 你知道怎樣著手進展這項工作嗎？ set off=set out動身;引起，使發(fā)生;爆炸a.if you want to catch that train

24、wed better set off for the station immediately. 你要是想趕上那班火車，咱們就最好馬上動身去火車站。 b.what time are you planning to set off tomorrow? 你準備明天幾點鐘啟程？ c.what he said set off a heated discussion.他所說的話引起了熱鬧的爭論。 。set down前四種常用a. 放下，擱下：例句： to set down ones bag 放下包b. 寫下，登記;登記：例句： the police sest down my car number. 警察登

25、記了我的汽車號碼c. 使飛機著陸;使降落：例句： my plane was set down in a heavy fog. 我乘坐的飛機在濃霧中著陸。d. 讓乘客 下車：例句： to set down the passengers 讓乘客下車e. 把貨物從車上卸下：例句： the train stopped at the station to set down lots of waste. 火車進站停車，卸下了很多廢物。 f. 把看做，把認作as：例句： he was set down as a fool. 他被看成是個傻瓜。g. 把說明為，把歸因于to：例句： to set ones si

26、lence down to his diffidence 把靜默歸因于羞怯h. 制定;規(guī)定：例句： the rules for service have been set down. 有關修理業(yè)的規(guī)章已經(jīng)出臺。i. 確定;打算的日期：例句： the plan to be set down 業(yè)已確定的方案j. 使坐下k. 馬賽中暫停參賽l. 口語申斥，責備：例句： i was set down by my father. 我爸罵了我一頓。 。set apartfor留出專用 the room is set apart for smoking/smokers.這屋子是為了專為人們抽煙/吸煙者而預備

27、的。 。set aside留出，撥出;把置于一旁;不顧;不理睬;駁回;取消 set sth.aside for sth./sb.為某人或某物預留 a. maybe i should set aside just a minute a day to count my blessings and say thank you. 或許，我應當每天留出一分鐘時間，細數(shù)一下?lián)碛械拿篮?，然后，真誠地說一聲：“感謝！ b.she set aside her book and lit a cigarette.她把書放在一旁，點著一根香煙。 c.the car has been set aside and is

28、out of use.那輛車已被擱置一旁不再用法了。 d.i set aside my overcoat and took out the summer clothes.我把外套放起來，拿出夏天衣服。 3.表目的 so as to do sth in order to do in order that purpose 又想到一個點，有意的怎么說來著？ on purpose=by chance反義詞by design=by accident =accidently 4、happen用法 發(fā)生; 出現(xiàn); 碰巧; 偶爾遇到; happen是不及物動詞，它的用法常見的有如下幾種狀況： 。表示“某地某時

29、發(fā)生了什么事，常用“sth.+ happen +地點/時間這一構造來表達，此時主語應是事情。例如： the story happened in 2021.這個故事發(fā)生在2021年。 an accident happened in that street.那條街上發(fā)生了一起事故。 。表示“某人出了某事常指不好的事，要用“sth.+ happen+to sb.這一構造來表達。例如： a car accident happened to her this morning.今日上午她發(fā)生了交通事故。 what happened to you?你怎么啦？ 。表示“某人碰巧做某事，要用“sb.+ happ

30、en+ to do sth.這一構造來表達。例如： i happened to meet a friend of mine in the street yesterday.昨天我碰巧在街上遇到了我的一個伴侶。 。happen表示“碰巧或恰巧發(fā)生某事時，還可用“it happens / happened that這一構造來表達。例如： it happened that brian and peter were at home that day.碰巧那天布萊恩和彼得在家了。 it happened that he had to take part in a meeting that afterno

31、on.碰巧那天下午他不得不參與一個會議。 注：that從句中的主語是人時，此種構造可以與“sb.+ happen + to do sth.構造互換。例如： it happened that brian and peter were at home that day.= brian and peter happened to be at home that day. 詞形改變：時態(tài)：happened，happening，happens。 同義詞：bechance，befall；materialise，materialize；encounter，find，bump，chance；come abou

32、t，fall out，go on，hap，occur，pass，pass off，take place。 反義詞：dematerialise，dematerialize。 單詞分析：這些詞語都可表示“發(fā)生之意。 happen：一般用詞，泛指一切客觀事物或狀況的發(fā)生，強調動作的偶爾性。 occur：較正式用詞，可指意外地發(fā)生，也可指意料中的發(fā)生。 chance：側重事前無支配或無預備而發(fā)生的事，特指巧合。 take place：多指通過人為支配的發(fā)生。 英語句子 if this should happen, the speaker might feel down in the mouth. 假如

33、事情發(fā)生了，說話者會因為說錯話而難受。 happening by chance or accident;fortuitous. 偶爾的偶爾或意外發(fā)生的;偶爾的 nothing have happened in the interim. 在過渡期間，沒發(fā)生過任何事。 a train of events happened last year. 去年發(fā)生了一系列的事情。 he happened on the book in an secondhand bookstore. 他碰巧在一家舊書店里發(fā)覺了這本書 5.over用法 1 prep. 在上邊；復蓋 on top of,covering 例句 i

34、 put a blanket over the sleeping child. 我在睡著的孩子身上蓋了一條毯子。 he wore a thick coat over his ordinary coat. 他在一般的上衣上面又穿了一件厚外衣。 he went to sleep with a newspaper over his face. 他臉上蓋著一張報紙睡著了。 2 prep. 在上方 above,higher than 例句 a lamp was hanging over the table. 桌子上方掛著一盞燈。 there is a bridge over the river. 河上有

35、 橋。 the sky is over our heads and the ground is under our feet. 我們頭上是天空，腳下是大地。 3 prep. 越過；穿過 from one side to the other,across 例句 the boys climbed over the wall. 男孩子們爬過墻頭。 we went over the river in a boat. 我們坐船過了河。 he jumped over the brook. 他跳過了那條小溪。 4 prep. 普及 in every part of 例句 he has travelled o

36、ver the whole country. 他已經(jīng)游遍了全國。 the fog spread over the town. 霧遍全城。 5 prep. 多于；超過 more than 例句 he has lived in beijing over two years. 他住在北京已兩年多了。 you have to be over 18 to see this film. 超過十八歲的人才能看這部電影。 i have had this camera over ten years. 這部照像機我已經(jīng)買了十年了。 6 prep. 關于 concerning,in regard to 例句 the

37、 corporal felt very sad over the death of the boy. 下士對男孩的死感到很哀痛。 we look back over all that has happened during the last year. 我們回憶了在過去一年中所發(fā)生的一切。 7 prep. 以；用；借；借助于；由 by means of 例句 i heard the news over the radio. 我在無線電里聽到了這條消息。 they are talking over the telephone. 他們在通過電話談話。 8 prep. 在時 while 例句 ove

38、r a bottle of wine,he spoke to a friend. 他一邊喝著酒一邊和伴侶說話。 9 prep. 職務高于 superior in rank, office 例句 mr white is over me in the office. 懷特先生的職位比我高。 10 prep. 在期間 during,throughout 例句 over the years,he read widely. 在那些年中，他博覽群書。 he came to town over the weekend. 周末他進城了。 11 adv. 橫過；從一邊到另一邊 across 例句 lets ro

39、w over to the other side of the river. 咱們把船劃到河那邊去吧。 he will sail over to france. 他將渡海到法國去。 i can see henry over there. 我可以觀察亨利在那兒。 12 adv. 從一處到另一處 from one place to another 例句 you must come over and see me. 你肯定要過來看看我。 i will go over to his office and have a talk with him. 我要到他辦公室去找他談一談。 come over an

40、d see us on sunday. 星期天請到我們這里來玩吧。 13 adv. 自始至終 through, from beginning to end 例句 he thought it over. 他認真地想了想。 ill read the question over once more. 我得把問題從頭到尾再讀一遍。 14 adv. 重復地 in repetition 例句 read it over. 再讀。 my sums were wrong and i had to do them over. 我的得數(shù)錯了，我得重做。 15 adv. 向下；翻倒 down 例句 he trippe

41、d and fell over. 他絆倒了。 i slipped on the ice and fell over. 我在冰上滑倒了。 16 adv. 翻轉過來 so that the other side is on top 例句 the goat rolled over,dead. 山羊翻了一個身，死了。 turn the page over and youll see a map. 把這頁翻過去就可以觀察一張地圖。 turn your books over. 請把你們的書翻過來。 17 adv. 剩余；未用過 left, not used 例句 if theres any soup ov

42、er,we can eat it tomorrow. 假如有湯剩下，我們可以明天吃。 i gave him two glasses and still had three over. 我給了他兩只玻璃杯，還余下三只玻璃杯。 five goes into eight once with three over. 五除八得一余三。 18 adv. 太；非常 too 例句 he is over polite. 他太客氣了。 i do not feel over well. 我并不非常安康。 19 adv. 完了；完畢 ended, finished 例句 our holidays will soon

43、be over. 我們的假日就要完畢了。 well go out when the rain is over. 雨停了我們就出去。 school is over. 放學了。 6、表示建議指令要求的詞從句要用should+動詞原形 從句中的虛擬語氣 在表示“堅持、“指令、“建議、“要求等后的賓語從句要用虛擬語氣。這類動詞有人歸納為“一個堅持insist、兩個指令order， command、三個建議advise， suggest， propose、四個要求demand， require， request， ask，這類虛擬語氣由“should+動詞原形構成，其中的should在美國英語中通常可以

44、省略。如： he insisted that i should go with them. 他堅持要我同他們一起去。 he ordered that it should be sent back. 他指令把它送回去。 the doctor advised suggested that he should not smoke. 醫(yī)生建議他不要抽煙。 he requires that i should appear. 他要求我出場。 【注】1 其中引導賓語從句的that通常不省略。 2 這類句子有時可用于被動構造，前面用先行詞it作主語，代表后面的從句。如： it was proposed tha

45、t this matter be discussed next time. 有人提議這事下次再爭論。 3 動詞insist后接賓語從句時，除可用虛擬語氣外，也可用陳述語氣，兩者的區(qū)分是。如：假設謂語動詞所表示的動作尚未發(fā)生，或尚未成為事實，那么用虛擬語氣；假設謂語動詞所表示的動作已經(jīng)發(fā)生，或已經(jīng)成為事實，那么要用陳述語氣。比擬： he insisted that i had read his letter. 他堅持說我看過他的信。 he insisted that i should read his letter. 他堅持要我看他的信。 4 與動詞insist相像，動詞suggest后接賓語從

46、句時，除可用虛擬語氣外，也可用陳述語氣，兩者的區(qū)分也是。如：假設謂語動詞所表示的狀況尚未成為事實，那么用虛擬語氣，此時suggest通常譯為“建議；假設謂語動詞所表示的狀況為既成事實，那么要用陳述語氣，此時 的suggest通常譯為“說明、“認為。比擬并體會。如from .nmet168 ： he suggested that we should stay for dinner. 他建議我們留下吃飯。 what he said suggested that he was a cheat. 他說的話說明他是個騙子。 i suggested that you had a secret unders

47、tanding with him. 我覺得你與他心照不宣。 5 以上動詞用作名詞或派生出的名詞時，相應的主語從句、表語從句或同位語從句也用虛擬語氣。如： his demand is that we should set off at once. 他要求我們馬上動身。 he made the demand that we should set off at once. 他要求我們馬上動身。 6 在現(xiàn)代英語中，以上動詞包括其名詞形式以及其派生名詞有時也可不用虛擬語氣但初學者宜慎用。如： her suggestion was we had our conversation in french. 她的

48、建議是我們用法語交談。 he said that he would not be long and suggested that we waited for him. 他說他不會去很久，并建議我們等他。 形容詞important， impossible， necessary等后的主語從句通常用虛擬語氣。如： it is impossible that he should go home. 他不行能會回家去。 it is necessary that i should return it right now. 我有必要馬上把它還回去。 【注】1 在現(xiàn)代英語中，有時也可不用虛擬語氣而用陳述語氣，但

49、初學者宜慎用。 2 在it is amazing strange， surprising， astonishing， a pity， a shame以及 i am surprised sorry 和i regret等構造后的that 從句中有時也用should，表示說話人的驚異、后悔、絕望等情感，常含有“竟然之意。如： its strange that he should be so rude. 他竟如此無禮，真是驚奇。 im surprised that he should have failed. 他竟然失敗了，這使我很驚訝。 假設不用虛擬語氣也可以，那么不帶感情顏色，比擬： its a

50、pity that he failed the exam. 他考試沒及格，真是遺憾。 its a pity that he should have failed the exam. 他考試竟沒及格，真是遺憾。 7、have用法 一、have作實意動詞。 1.表示“有的意思。 look, i have wings, just like you. jbl1 he had fair hair and blue eyes. jbl2 注1：其否認和疑問形式改變，在美國通常用助動詞do。 注2：在英國口語中常用have got代替have. look, cant you see ive got teeth, too,jbl1 i havent got any jewelry.sbl5 2.have和一些其他名詞連用，表示： 1一種活動。 we have no classes on sunday.上課jbl11 theyre going to have a vo