第二冊(cè)2課新概念筆記

1、Lesson 2 Breakfast or lunch?一單詞講解New words and expressions until prep. 直到outside adv. 外面ring （rang rung） v. （鈴、電話等）響aunt n. 姑、姨、嬸、舅媽repeat v. 重復(fù) 1. until prep. 直到。時(shí)候till 直到（多用于口語(yǔ)）eg. I sometimes stay in bed until lunchtime. 有時(shí)候我一直躺倒吃午飯的時(shí)間。 The street is full of cars from morning till/to night. 這條街上從

2、早到晚的擠滿了車輛。conj. 直到。時(shí)候（后面加句子）eg. I stayed in bed until he woke me up. 直到他把我叫醒我一直躺在床上。 I didnt get up until he woke me up. 直到他把我叫醒我才起床。until 主句中動(dòng)詞為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞時(shí)用untilnotuntil 主句中動(dòng)詞為非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞時(shí)用 notuntileg. I will wait for you until you come back. 我會(huì)一直等到你回來(lái)。 I wont leave until you come back. 直到你回來(lái)我是不會(huì)走的。eg. We st

3、ayed until the rain stopped. 我們一直等到雨停為止。 We didnt start until the rain stopped. 直到雨停了我們才出發(fā)。2.outside n./adj./adv./prep.1) n. 外部；外觀eg. the outside of the house 房子的外面2) adj. 外面的，外部的；外來(lái)的eg. an outside toilet 戶外的廁所 toilet 'tlt n. 廁所，盥洗室；梳妝，打扮outside help 外來(lái)的幫助3）adv. 在外面，向外面；在室外eg. It was dark outsid

4、e. 外面很黑。 Please wait outside. 請(qǐng)?jiān)谕饷娴群颉?Dont go outside because its too cold. 不要出去因?yàn)樘淞恕?）prep. 在范圍之外eg. Its outside my business. 這不關(guān)我的事。反義詞：inside n./adj./adv./prep.3. ring 1) n. 環(huán)狀物，（尤指）戒指 a wedding ring 婚戒 a diamond ring 鉆戒 a gold ring 金戒指 dark rings around her eyes 黑眼圈 ring-road 環(huán)狀公路 ring finger 無(wú)

5、名指 大拇指：thumb m  食指：index finger; the first finger; pointer Index 'ndks 食指,示指， 指標(biāo)；指數(shù)；索引；指針ginger 'dnd n. 姜；姜黃色；精力；有姜味中指：middle finger; the second finger; 無(wú)名指：ring finger; the third ginger小拇指：little finger; pinkie 'pkhave a ring on the middle finger （engaged n'gedd訂婚）have a r

6、ing on the third finger (married  'mærd 已婚)2）v. (鈴，電話等)響 ring rang rung eg. The door bell rang just now. 剛剛門鈴響了。 I rang the bell. 我按響了門鈴。 Will you answer the phone when it rings? 電話響的時(shí)候你去接電話好嗎？3）v. (=U.S. call) 打電話 ring sb (up) 給某人打電話 =call sb (up) = phone sb = telephone sb give s

7、b a phone call eg. Ill ring you later. 我會(huì)晚點(diǎn)給你打電話。ring off: put down the receiver; hang off 掛斷電話receiver r'siv n. 接收器；接受者；收信機(jī)eg. He rang off before I could explain. 我還沒解釋他就掛斷電話了。4.aunt n. 姑，姨，嬸，舅母uncle 叔叔，舅舅，姨父，姑父brother sister nephew  'nfju 侄子，外甥 niece nis 侄女，外甥女 cousin 'k

8、zn  堂（表）兄弟姐妹eg. a country cousin （貶） 鄉(xiāng)下人，鄉(xiāng)巴佬5.repeat v. （say or write again, more than once） 重復(fù)說(shuō)，或?qū)懩呈挛铮磸?fù)重申eg. “Im having breakfast,”I repeated. 我重復(fù)說(shuō)：“我正在吃早飯呢?！眅g. I repeated the question several times. 這個(gè)問(wèn)題我重復(fù)了好幾遍了。eg. Am I repeating myself? 我以前說(shuō)過(guò)這件事情嗎？repetition  'rp'tn  n.

9、重復(fù)，反復(fù)，重說(shuō)，重寫learn by repetition 通過(guò)反復(fù)學(xué)習(xí) 二關(guān)鍵句型Key structures一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法-一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成：謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞使用動(dòng)詞原形；系動(dòng)詞為am, is, are 的形式。 主語(yǔ)是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞需有變化： 1）直接加 “s”； gives takes asks 2）以輔音字母加“y”結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，變“y”為“i”，再加“es”； carry carries 3）以“o, s, x, ch, sh,”結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞加“es”。 goes dresses watches brushes功能：1）表達(dá)習(xí)慣性，規(guī)律性的動(dòng)作 eg. I neve

10、r get up early on Sundays. 星期天我從來(lái)都不早起。 I sometimes stay in bed until lunchtime. 有時(shí)候我一直躺倒吃午飯的時(shí)間。 2）表達(dá)現(xiàn)在的事實(shí)狀態(tài)或動(dòng)作 eg. We all like football. 我們都喜歡足球。 Birds fly. 鳥會(huì)飛。 This picture is of great value. 這幅畫具有極大的價(jià)值。value. 'vælju n. 值；價(jià)值； 3）表達(dá)客觀真理，格言警句或事實(shí) eg. The earth moves round the sun. 地球繞著太陽(yáng)

11、轉(zhuǎn)。 The sun rises in the east and sets in the west. 太陽(yáng)東升西落。 Two and two makes four. 二加二等于四。 Seeing is believing. 眼見為實(shí)。經(jīng)常搭配的副詞：often sometimes usually seldom 'sldm adv很少不常 every year always occasionally o'kenli  adv. 偶爾；間或 frequently 'frikwntli  adv. 頻繁地，經(jīng)常地；時(shí)常，屢次rarely  

12、9;rrli adv. 很少地；難得；罕有地 副詞的位置：通常放在實(shí)義動(dòng)詞之前，助動(dòng)詞之后。eg. He doesnt always come by train. 他不總是坐火車來(lái)。 Do you ever read in bed? 你在床上躺著看過(guò)書嗎？ I never like jazz. 我從來(lái)都不喜歡爵士樂。jazz. dæz n. 爵士樂 He rarely gets up before 10 oclock. 在10點(diǎn)之前他很少起床。 We frequently have lunch at this restaurant. 我們總在這家餐館吃飯。-現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)構(gòu)成：

13、am / is /are + doing功能：表示現(xiàn)在，目前正在做某事，正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。eg. It is raining. 正在下雨。 I am still having breakfast. 我正在吃早飯。 What are you doing? 你干嗎呢？ We are enjoying our lunch. 我們正在享用午餐。表示現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。 eg. We are studying English this summer. 今年夏天我們?cè)趯W(xué)英語(yǔ)。He is taking physics this semester. 這一學(xué)期他正在學(xué)物理。physics 'fzks n

14、. 物理學(xué)；物理現(xiàn)象 semester. smst n. 學(xué)期；半年可用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)來(lái)表示即將開始的動(dòng)作 go come leave arrive land meet die start return join eg. I am coming to see you. 我就來(lái)看你了。 The bus is coming. 公共汽車就要來(lái)了。 The plane is leaving for Shanghai. 飛機(jī)就要飛往上海了。 The old man is very ill and he is dying. 這個(gè)老人病的非常嚴(yán)重，他現(xiàn)在就快要死了。有些副詞用在進(jìn)行時(shí)中間，表示說(shuō)話人帶有感情色彩，

15、如贊賞，厭惡等。always forever f'v adv. 永遠(yuǎn)；不斷地；常常 continually kn'tnjli adv. 不斷地；頻繁地constantly 'knstntli adv. 不斷地；時(shí)常地eg. He is always lying. 他總是在說(shuō)謊。You are constantly complaining. 你總是在抱怨。complain km'plen vt. 抱怨；控訴The girl is always thinking of others. 這個(gè)女孩總是考慮別人。The naughty boy is c

16、ontinually making noises. 這個(gè)淘氣的孩子總是在制造噪音。naughty 'nti adj. 頑皮的，淘氣的；下列表示狀態(tài)，感覺，情緒，精神活動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。believe doubt dat v. 懷疑；不信see hear know understand belong to b'l vi. 屬于，應(yīng)歸入 think consider kn'sd vi. 考慮 feel look seem sim vi. 似乎； show mind have sound taste require r'kwar vt.

17、需要；要求；命令possess  p'zs vt. 控制；使掌握；持有care like hate love detest d'tst vt. 厭惡；憎恨 desire d'za vi. 渴望現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)通常搭配以下副詞now at present 現(xiàn)在 at this time these days -Exercise A1I am looking out of my window. I can see some children in the street. The children _ (play) football. They always _ (pla

18、y) football in the street. Now a little boy _ (kick) the ball. Anther boy _ (run) after him but he cannot catch him.are playing play is kicking is running 2I carried my bags into the hall.“What you _ (do)?” my landlady asked. landlady 'lændledi n. 女房東；女地主；女店主“I _ (leave), Mrs. Lynch,”

19、I answered. Lynch  ln(t) 人名；(法)蘭什；(英、德、西)林奇 “Why you _ (leave)?” she asked. “You have been here only a week.” “A week is too long, Mrs. Lynch,” I said. “There are too many rules in this house. My friends never _ (come) to visit me. Dinner is always at seven oclock, so I frequently _ (go) t

20、o bed hungry. You dont like noise, so I rarely _ (listen) to the radio. The heating doesnt work, so I always _ (feel) cold. This is a terrible place for a man like me. Goodbye, Mrs. Lynch.” heating 'hit 暖氣設(shè)備are you doing am leaving are you leaving come go listen feel -Exercise BMy friends n

21、ever come to visit me.I frequently go to bed hungry.I rarely listen to the radio.I always feel cold.I never get up early on Sundays.I sometimes stay in bed until lunchtime.She answers my letters. (rarely)She rarely answers my letters.We work after six oclock. (never)We never work after six oclock.Th

22、e shops close on Saturday afternoons. (always)The shops always close on Saturday afternoons. Do you go to work by car? (always)Do you always go to work by car?Our teacher collects our exercise books. (frequently)Our teacher frequently collects our exercise books.We spend our holidays abroad. (someti

23、mes)We sometimes spend holidays abroad.7I buy CDs. (often) I often buy CDs.8Do you buy CDs? (ever) Do you ever buy CDs?三課文講解TextIt was Sunday. I never get up early on Sundays. I sometimes stay in bed until lunchtime. Last Sunday I got up very late. I looked out of the window. It was dark outside. “W

24、hat a day!” I thought. “Its raining again.” Just then, the telephone rang. It was my aunt Lucy. “Ive just arrived by train,” she said. “Im coming to see you.”“But Im still having breakfast,” I said.“What are you doing?” she asked.“Im having breakfast,” I repeated.“Dear me,” she said. “Do you always

25、get up so late? Its one oclock!”1. It was Sunday. 過(guò)去式 那是個(gè)星期天。 2. I never get up early on Sundays. 星期天我從來(lái)不早起。 never 從未，未曾，永不 eg. I have never been abroad. 我從沒出過(guò)國(guó)。eg. Would you do that? Never.eg. I never get up before 10 oclock in mornings. 我從不在早上10前起床。eg. Never fear. 別害怕。 fear. fr vt. 害怕；敬畏；為擔(dān)心Never

26、give up. 永不放棄。 Never say die. 永不言敗。Never lose heart. 絕不要灰心喪氣。early adj. / adv. an early morning 一大早 eg. The early bird catches the worm. wm 早起的鳥能捉到蟲。 捷足先登。 eg. I got up early this morning. 今天早晨我起得很早。3. I sometimes stay in bed until lunchtime. 有時(shí)候我一直躺到吃午飯的時(shí)間。stay in bed 躺在床上stay at home 呆在家里sometimes

27、 有時(shí)候 some times 幾次，幾倍 some time 一段時(shí)間 sometime 將來(lái)或過(guò)去的某個(gè)時(shí)候eg. I will be somebody sometime in the future. 總有一天我將是個(gè)大人物。4. Last Sunday I got up very late. get up 起床 go to bed 睡覺 fall asleep/go to sleep 睡著了 late adj. /adv. 晚eg. Im sorry for being late. 對(duì)不起我遲到了。 adj. I got up very late. 我起床起得很晚。 adv. stay

28、up late 熬夜，醒著，不去睡lately:= recently 'risntli 最近eg. Have you been abroad lately? 你最近出過(guò)國(guó)嗎？ I bought a new car lately. 最近我買了輛新車。Lately 通常放在現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和一般過(guò)去時(shí)中。5. I looked out of the window. look out of 向。外看look out of the window 向窗外看look out of the door 向門外看look into 1向。里看look into the box 向盒子里面看2 調(diào)查，分析eg.

29、 The police are looking into the case. 警察正在調(diào)查這個(gè)案件。look out! 小心，當(dāng)心 eg. Look out! The car nearly knocked you over. 當(dāng)心！這個(gè)車差點(diǎn)撞到你。6. It was dark outside. “What a day!” I thought. What a day! 感嘆句 What a terrible day! What a wonderful day! 天氣多好啊！What a lovely day!What a beautiful day!7. “Its raining again.

30、” Just then, the telephone rang. It was my aunt Lucy. just then=at that moment 就在那一刻 It 虛主語(yǔ)，無(wú)法確定是男性還是女性的時(shí)候用it 來(lái)代替。8. “Ive just arrived by train,” she said. by train 坐火車 by bus by plane/by air by ship/by sea/by water by car on foot eg. I came here on foot. (I walked here.) 我走路來(lái)的。 eg. We got into the

31、mountain on horseback. 我們騎馬上山。 take a train 乘坐火車 take a bus/take a car take a plane take a ship 表示交通方式的時(shí)候用 by 直接加交通工具，不加冠詞 強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作本身，用take加冠詞，在加工具本身。 eg. In order to go to school on time, I took a taxi. 為了準(zhǔn)時(shí)上學(xué)去，我打了一輛車。9. “Im coming to see you.” 我就來(lái)看你了。 用進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來(lái)時(shí)。10. “But Im still having breakfast,” I s

32、aid. have breakfast have lunch have supper have dinner have a meal 吃一頓飯 “What are you doing?” she asked. “Im having breakfast.” I repeated.11. “Dear me.” She said. “Do you always get up so late? Its one oclock!”Dear me! 天哪！ Oh my god! Good heavens! 'hvn n. 天空 Goodness me! 'dns int. 天哪It

33、 做虛主語(yǔ) It was Sunday. It was my aunt Lucy. It was dark outside. Its one oclock! It做虛主語(yǔ)可以表達(dá) Its one oclock. (時(shí)間) Its cold in winter. (氣候) Its only me. (人) Its a long way from here. (距離) Its very dirty here. (環(huán)境)Special Difficulties-感嘆句英文中表達(dá)感嘆句可以用What引導(dǎo)，也可以用 How引導(dǎo)。 What + a/an + adj. + n. +主+謂！ eg. Wha

34、t a terrible day (it is)! 天氣是多么糟糕！ How + adj. + a/an + n. +主+謂！ eg. How terrible a day (it is)!what 修飾的中心詞是名詞，how修飾的中心詞是形容詞副詞本身，eg. This is a wonderful garden!What a wonderful garden this is!How wonderful a garden this is!eg. This is a surprise! 這是一個(gè)驚喜！What a surprise this is! 沒有形容詞和副詞不可能用how來(lái)引導(dǎo)eg.

35、He is causing a lot of trouble! 他正在導(dǎo)致許多麻煩！ What a lot of trouble he is causing!eg. They are wonderful actors! 他們是極棒的演員！ What wonderful actors they are! 復(fù)數(shù)名詞，通常情況用what來(lái)引導(dǎo)。 eg. She is a hard-working woman! What a hard-working woman she is!=How hard-working a woman she is! eg. It is a tall building! 這是

36、一棟高樓 What a tall building it is!=How tall a building it is! eg. Its a terrible film! 這是一部很糟糕的電影。 What a terrible film it is!= How terrible a film it is! eg. You are a clever boy! 你是個(gè)聰明的孩子！ What a clever boy it is!= How clever a boy it is! eg. She is a pretty girl! 她是個(gè)漂亮的女孩子！ What a pretty girl she i

37、s!=How pretty a girl she is! eg. He is a strange guy! 他是個(gè)奇怪的家伙！ What a strange guy he is!=How strange a guy he is! eg. She is a lovely girl! 她是個(gè)可愛的女孩！ What a lovely girl she is!=How lovely a girl she is! eg. This is an interesting play! 這是一部有趣的戲！ What an interesting play this is!=How interesting a play this is! eg. He is a rude fellow! 他是個(gè)粗魯?shù)募一铮?What a rude fellow he is!=How rude a fellow he is! eg. She is an amusing girl! 她是個(gè)有趣的女孩！ What an amusing girl she is!= How amusing a girl she is! eg. Those are horrible dresses! 那是一些恐