高考英語一輪達(dá)標(biāo) Unit 3 Computers練題含解析新人教版必修2

1、unit 3 computers李仕才一、閱讀理解閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項(xiàng)(a、b、c和d)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。 (2018·福州市高三畢業(yè)班適應(yīng)性練習(xí))no human has set foot on the moon since 1972.now，after more than four decades of inactivity，interest in putting humans back on the moon is finally heating up again.but who will get there first?chinaon 14 december 2

2、013，china successfully landed its jade rabbit rover(探測車)on the moon.it is now working on its next exploration mission.named chang'e 4，the mission is scheduled to touch down in the aitken basin near the end of 2018.if successful，it will be the first landing on the moon's far side.russiarussia

3、 plans a manned moon landing in 2030.it is currently working on a project whose idea is that the landers will explore the south pole of the moon，exploring for resources such as minerals and water ice to be used to provide for a human outpost(前哨站)indiafollowing the success of its chandrayaan­1 i

4、n 2008，india announced a follow­on mission.chandrayaan­2 was meant to cooperate with russia.but when the russians failed to deliver the promised lander in 2013，india decided to go it alone.chandrayaan­2 is about to be sent up in 2018.usain december 2018，nasa plans to send up the explo

5、ration mission 1，an uncrewed test of their orion astronaut capsule in which the craft will circle around the moon before returning to earth.all being well，a crewed capsule will follow in 2023.should the mission prove a success，the astronauts will be the first humans to see the far side of the moon w

6、ith their own eyes since apollo 17 in 1972.1what will china do in its next space mission?aimprove its jade rabbit rover.bwork with other countries.cland chang'e 4 on the moon.dexplore the south pole of the moon.2why did india try to carry out its follow­on mission alone?ait couldn't fin

7、d a partner.bit didn't get the lander as planned.cthe russians refused to work with india.dit planned to launch chandrayaan­2 in advance.3which country is interested in resources on the moon?arussia.bchina.cindia. dusa.【解題導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了中國、俄羅斯、印度和美國的登月計(jì)劃。【難句分析】it is currently working an a

8、 project whose idea is that the landers will explore the south pole of the moon，exploring for resources such as minerals and water ice to be used to provide for a human outpost(前哨站)分析：該句為主從復(fù)合句。句中whose idea is that the landers will explore the south pole of the moon，exploring for resources such as mi

9、nerals and water ice to be used to provide for a human outpost(前哨站)為whose引導(dǎo)的定語從句，修飾先行詞a project；該定語從句中含有that引導(dǎo)的表語從句。譯文：當(dāng)前(俄羅斯)正啟動一項(xiàng)工程，其思路是登陸器將探索月球的南極，尋找礦物質(zhì)和水冰等資源以供人類前哨站使用。1c考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段第三句“named chang'e 4, the mission is scheduled to touch down in the aitken basin near the end of 2018”可知，嫦娥四號將在2

10、018年底降落在月球aitken basin地區(qū)。據(jù)此可知，中國的下一步空間計(jì)劃是嫦娥四號登月，故c項(xiàng)正確。根據(jù)第三段第二句“it is currently working on a project whose idea is that the landers will explore the south pole of the moon”可知，探索月球南極是俄羅斯的計(jì)劃，而不是中國的計(jì)劃，故d項(xiàng)錯誤；a、b項(xiàng)文中沒有提及。2b考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段第三句“but when the russians failed to deliver the promised lander in 2013,

11、 india decided to go it alone”可知，由于俄羅斯沒能給印度提供著陸器，故印度決定自己實(shí)施登月計(jì)劃，故b項(xiàng)正確。根據(jù)第四段第二句“chandrayaan­2 was meant to cooperate with russia”可知，印度chandrayaan­2任務(wù)計(jì)劃和俄羅斯合作完成，故a項(xiàng)錯誤；根據(jù)第四段第三句可知，俄羅斯沒能給印度提供著陸器，而不是拒絕合作，故c項(xiàng)錯誤；d項(xiàng)文中沒有提及。3a考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段第二句“it is currently working on a project whose idea is that the

12、landers will explore the south pole of the moon，exploring for resources such as minerals and water ice to be used to provide for a human outpost(前哨站)”可知，當(dāng)前俄羅斯正啟動一項(xiàng)工程，其思路是登陸器將探索月球的南極，尋找礦物質(zhì)和水冰等資源以供人類前哨站使用。故a項(xiàng)正確。二、單句語法填空1every year a flood of farmers arrive in shenzhen for the money­making jobs th

13、ey _(promise) before.答案：have been promised由主句謂語動詞的時態(tài)及從句的時間副詞before可知，本從句的謂語動詞應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時，且they和promise之間存在被動關(guān)系，故填have been promised。2_(person), i think he is a very good man, but you may not agree.答案：personally副詞personally “就我個人而言”，相當(dāng)于personally speaking。3it won't be long _we know the result of the

14、experiment.答案：beforeit won't be long before . “不久之后就”，是固定句式。4he was _(total) uninterested in sports.答案：totally應(yīng)用副詞修飾形容詞uninterested，故填totally。5an hour later, i woke up suddenly with the _(solve) clearly in mind.答案：solution由空前the可知此處應(yīng)用名詞solution “解決方法”。6a man stood up and crossed his arms over hi

15、s head, _ (signal) that he was strongly opposed.答案：signalling句中已有謂語動詞stood和crossed，由空前逗號知應(yīng)用非謂語動詞形式，且signal與邏輯主語a man之間是主動關(guān)系，且signal和句子謂語stood up及crossed所表示的動作同時發(fā)生，因此填signalling。7several problems like those _(arise) at the power plant so far.答案：have arisen由“so far”可知應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時。8the students are looking

16、forward to having an opportunity _(explore) society for real­life experience.答案：to explorehave an opportunity to do sth. “有機(jī)會做某事”。9the law needs to be _(simple)答案：simplifiedneed to do sth. “需要做某事”，由設(shè)空前的be動詞及句意可知，此處需用動詞的過去分詞構(gòu)成被動語態(tài)，故填simplified。10we received 400 _(apply) for the job.答案：applicatio

17、ns由修飾限定詞400可知，此處應(yīng)填名詞，且用其復(fù)數(shù)形式。三、完形填空閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的a、b、c和d四個選項(xiàng)中，選出可能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。i lived in dallas，texas nearly all my life with my dad，mom and younger brother.we were raised to _1_ others，value education，and get all that we could out of life.my parents always say，“work _2_ and the world is yours.”the

18、y are _3_ without a helpful word of_4_ or a bit of encouragement when life gets_5_.my parents always _6_ me to go to college.however, when i_7_ at 16 years old that i'd rather get married to a man _8_ go to college，they never stopped telling me they loved me and i could do anything i wanted to.t

19、hankfully，they persuaded me.i graduated from high school and currently _9_ the university of oklahoma studying medicine.i want to make the world a_10_ place to live in.every time i call home to tell them about a grade received in the chemistry lab or_11_ class it is that i'm working hardest on f

20、or the moment，they tell me how _12_ of me they are.i know there are college kids out there that have no one to _13_ home to when they get an“a”on a project and i feel incredibly_14_ to have my parents.they never_15_ loving me or believing in me.parents are the best gift that god gives me._16_ their

21、constant love and encouragement，i wouldn't believe i can _17_ the world.my parents _18_ me to always fight for what i _19_ in.so i'm working toward something really great and can only hope i_20_ to make them proud.1a.inspirebrespectcguide dfollow2a.hard bsolidlycattentively dintelligently3a.

22、sometimes banytimecever dnever4a.method badviceceducation dintroduction5a.tough bsmoothcbright dhappy6a.reminded bsupposedcdesigned dexpected7a.decided bhesitatedcjudged dremembered8a.but bandcthan dwhile9a.joined battendedcserved dadmitted10a.comfortable bsuitablecpeaceful dbetter11a.whenever bwhic

23、hevercwherever dhowever12a.ashamed bnervouscproud dmodest13a.go bruncreturn dcall14a.blessed bannoyedcpraised drelaxed15a.stopped bhelpedcblamed dprevented16a.with bwithoutcunder dbeneath17a.change bdestroycconquer dchallenge18a.forced borderedcallowed dtaught19a.enjoy bworkcbelieve dlive20a.want bw

24、ishchave dcontinue【解題導(dǎo)語】爸爸、媽媽、弟弟和“我”住在達(dá)拉斯，父母教育我們要尊重別人，重視教育，他們的愛和鼓勵對“我”意義重大。1b根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容可知，父母教育我們要尊重別人，重視教育。respect意為“尊敬，尊重”，符合語境。2a父母總是教育我們：“努力工作，世界就是你們的?！惫蔬xa。3d當(dāng)生活變得艱難時，父母總會給我們有益的建議或一些鼓勵。never without為雙重否定，表示肯定的意思。4b參見上題解析。a helpful word of advice表示“有用的建議”。5a參見3題解析。tough“艱難的，艱苦的”。6d根據(jù)該段中的“thankfully, t

25、hey persuaded me”可知，父母一直期望“我”上大學(xué)并最終說服了“我”。expect“期望，期待”。7a根據(jù)下文父母對“我”的勸說可知，16歲時“我”決定(decided)結(jié)婚而不是上大學(xué)。8c16歲時“我”決定結(jié)婚而不是上大學(xué)。would rather.than.為固定用法，表示“寧愿而不愿”。9b根據(jù)文中的“they persuaded me.i graduated from high school and.medicine”可知，“我”高中畢業(yè)后上了一所大學(xué)。attend意為“經(jīng)常去，定期去(學(xué)校、教堂等)”。10d根據(jù)文中的“the university of oklaho

26、ma studying medicine”可知，“我”主修醫(yī)學(xué)，想讓這個世界成為更好的(better)可供人們生活的地方。11b每次當(dāng)“我”打電話告訴他們“我”在實(shí)驗(yàn)室里的成績或是“我”當(dāng)時正努力學(xué)習(xí)的任何一門課程時，他們會告訴“我”他們以“我”為傲。whichever class意為“無論哪一門課”。12c父母以“我”取得的成績而自豪。be proud of為固定用法，意為“以自豪”。13d“我”知道有的大學(xué)生在得到一個“a”時，因沒家人所以無法打電話回家。故選d。14a和那些得了“a”卻沒有家人可告知的同學(xué)相比，“我”有這樣的父母是非常有福的。blessed意義“有福的”。15a父母從不停

27、止對“我”的愛，從不停止對“我”的信賴。stop doing sth.“停止做某事”。16b沒有(without)父母持續(xù)不斷的愛和鼓勵，“我”不可能相信“我”能改變世界。17a參見上題解析。故選a。18d父母一直教育(taught)“我”去為“我”認(rèn)為對的事而奮斗。19c參見上題解析。believe in sth.“認(rèn)為某事好(或?qū)?、可接?”，符合語境。20d“我”會繼續(xù)努力，希望父母繼續(xù)為“我”感到自豪。continue to do sth.表示“繼續(xù)做某事”，為固定用法。四、單句改錯1we are sure that everything will be better with tim

28、e goes by._答案：withas或goesgoingas time goes by與with time going by均表示“隨著時間的推移”。as在此為連詞，后接句子；with為介詞，可看作with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語。2can you give me some advice on what to deal with this problem?_答案：whathow或dealdowhat to do with . how to deal with . “如何處理”。3there is very much homework that i can't have much time

29、to experience nature._答案：verysoso . that . “如此以至于”。4he was late as a result the heavy snow._答案：result后加ofas a result of . “由于”。5i am always dreaming of visiting china, and now my dream has been come true._答案：去掉beencome true是不及物動詞短語，不能用于被動語態(tài)。五、七選五by 2025，water shortage will be a big problem for about

30、 1.8 billion people.in a world where water resource is increasingly short，nations cannot afford to waste it._1_after we use water in our homes and businesses，it is washed away，and takes many valuable resources with it.waste water is rich in carbon and nutrients._2_ a number of nations and major citi

31、es have already built waste water treatment plants.they can effectively recover nutrients and bioenergy，and produce “new water” that can be reused.but more than 80% of all waste water still currently flows into natural ecosystems，polluting the environment and taking valuable nutrients and other reco

32、verable materials with it._3_ this is still better than the situation in smaller cities.in latin american countries，those living in small and medium­sized cities at most treat it in the form of septic tanks (化糞池)that lack regular and proper maintenance.imagine that outside one of these small ci

33、ties lies a lovely piece of land：on the surface it is pleasingly built and provides habitats for local wildlife.beneath the surface is a wetland that treats waste water and produces energy.the energy produced saves families from having to use firewood collected in the wild.this is not a dream project._4_ a team of scientists have been looking into the potential of constructed wetland environments.having analyzed 800 examples of biomass in more than 20 countries，they found that，depending on climate and the type of plant used in the construction of this type of wetland，up to 45 hectares of