語法結(jié)構(gòu)與詞匯

1、 1. 1.虛擬語氣的用法虛擬語氣的用法2.2.非謂語動詞的用法非謂語動詞的用法3.3.動詞時態(tài)和語態(tài)的某些用法動詞時態(tài)和語態(tài)的某些用法4.4.冠詞的一些特殊用法冠詞的一些特殊用法5.5.情態(tài)助動詞的某些用法情態(tài)助動詞的某些用法6.6.主從復(fù)合句和某些連接用語的用法主從復(fù)合句和某些連接用語的用法7.7.倒裝、強調(diào)、否定、省略、插入語等倒裝、強調(diào)、否定、省略、插入語等特殊句式特殊句式8.8.形容詞和副詞及其比較結(jié)構(gòu)和特殊結(jié)形容詞和副詞及其比較結(jié)構(gòu)和特殊結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu) 1. 1.形近意異形近意異2.2.形異義近形異義近3.3.形異義異形異義異4.4.詞語搭配詞語搭配5.5.習(xí)語習(xí)語虛擬語氣虛擬語氣1虛擬條

2、件句中虛擬語氣的運用：虛擬條件句從時間上又分為與現(xiàn)在事實相反，與過去事實相反，與將來事實可能相反三種情況。表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反的，if從句用過去式，主句用would（或could, should, might）加原形動詞。與過去事實相反的，if從句用過去完成時，主句用would（或could, should, might）+have done結(jié)構(gòu)。與將來事實可能相反的，if 從句用should (或were to)加動詞原形，主句用would加動詞原形。2某些動詞后的賓語從句以及某些名詞后的表語或同位語從句中虛擬語氣的運用，這些動詞或名詞包括：suggest(suggestion),propos

3、e(proposal),advise (advice),demand, insist, order, request, require, recommend, desire, ask, decide等表示建議、命令或要求的詞。在這些從句中，謂語形式為should加動詞原形，should可以省略。3在It is desired(或desirable), It is important等結(jié)構(gòu)后面的主語從句中，動詞用原形或should+原形動詞。這些結(jié)構(gòu)有：It is suggested, It is requested, It was ordered, It is necessary, It is

4、 essential. It is vital, It is urgent, It is impossible, It is preferable, It is advisable, It was proposed等。4It is about /high time (that)n_ for the fact that she broke her leg, she might have passedthe exam. (TEM4-2002-50)nHad it not been B. Hadnt it been nC.Was it not D. were it not2. If your car

5、_ any attention during the first 12 months, take it to authorized dealer. (TEM4-1998-43)nshall need B. should need nC. would need D. will neednA B 非謂語動詞（不定式、動詞非謂語動詞（不定式、動詞- ing 、動詞、動詞-ed)n_ regular training in nursing, she could hardly cope with the work at first. (TEM4-1994-55)nNot received B. Sinc

6、e receiving nC. Having received D. Not having received 2. The opening ceremony is a great occasion. It is essential _ for that. (TEM4-2003-47)A. for us to be prepared B. that we are preparedC. of us to be prepared D. our being prepared D A 動詞時態(tài)和語態(tài)動詞時態(tài)和語態(tài)nJack _ from home for two days now, and I am b

7、eginning to worry about his safety. (TEM4-2003-42)nhas been missing B. has been missed nC. had been missing D. was missed nA 情態(tài)助動詞的某些用法情態(tài)助動詞的某些用法nMuch as _ I couldnt lend him the money because I simply didnt have that much spare cash. (TEM4-1999-52)A. I would have liked to B. I would like to have C.

8、 I should have to likeD. I should have liked to A 主從復(fù)合句和某些連接用語的用法主從復(fù)合句和某些連接用語的用法( (名詞性從句、形容詞性名詞性從句、形容詞性從句、副詞性從句）從句、副詞性從句）n_， I will marry him all the same. (TEM4-2004-42)A. Was he rich or poor B. Whether rich or poor C. Were he rich or poorD. Be he rich or poorD 倒裝、強調(diào)、否定、省略、插入語等特殊句式倒裝、強調(diào)、否定、省略、插入語等特

9、殊句式nIt is futile to discuus the matter further, because _ going to agree upon anything today. (TEM4-2003-50)A. neither you nor I are B. neither you nor me is C. neither you nor I am D. neither me nor you are2. _ both sides accept the agreement _ a lasting peace be established in this region. (TEM4-2

10、004-50)A. Only if, will B. If only, would C. Should, will D. Unless, would C A 形容詞和副詞及其比較結(jié)構(gòu)和特殊結(jié)構(gòu)形容詞和副詞及其比較結(jié)構(gòu)和特殊結(jié)構(gòu)nFat cannot change into muscle _ muscle changes into fat. (TEM4-1999-44)A. any more than B. no more than C. no less than D. much more than2. Does Alan like hamburgers? Yes. So much _ that

11、 he eats them almost every day. (TEM4-2003-45)A. for B. as C. to D. so A D 形近義異nThe first two stages in the development of civilized man were probably the invention of weapons and the discovery of fire, although nobody knows exactly when he acquired the use of the _. (TEM4-2003-55)A. latter B. lates

12、tC. later D. lastA形異義近nOnce a picture is proved to be a forgery, it becomes quite _. (TEM4-2004-56)A. invaluable B. pricelessC. unworthy D. worthlessD形異義異nThe chances of a repetition of these unfortune events are_indeed.(TEM4-2000-57)A. distant B. slimC. unlikely D. narrow B詞語搭配nWe met Mary and her husband at a party two months ago. _ weve had no further communicati