如何使用SPSS

1、StatisticsSPSS Tutorial 1Outline1. Import the data2. Get the descriptive statistics3. Get same plotsGenerate random number21mport the data31mport the data41mport the data1 Untitledl DataSetO SPSS Statistics Data EditorFileEditViewDataTransIormAnalyzeammbhhimbrGraphs UtilitiesNewfl昌剜Open® Data.O

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4、8已 usriable names from the first row of dataMaximum width lor string columns:1mport the data1mport the dataOKCancelHelp2.Descriptive Statistics豊；*UntitledZ DataSet 1 SPSS Statistics Data Editor2.Descriptive StatisticsVariables：):Profit htargin%) Prof it atistics.10Charts.#I Display frequency tablesF

5、ormat.#3.Stem-and-leaf plot113.Stem-and-leaf plot12#/ ExploreDependent List:Display(5 Both 0 Statistics Q Pg/ Profit Marginf%) Profft.Factor List:Label Cases by:Statistics.Options.僉 Explore: PlotsBoxplots >)比“創(chuàng) 1列創(chuàng)£ together' Dependents togetherQ NoneDescriptive0 Stem-and-leat"| His

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7、OOOul1l.t2M33?04M55.C6OP77.18o.Run Pending Tr-snsforriisTransfc-rmCompute.RecodeVisual Bander.Count.Rank Cases.Automatic Recode.DateTime.Create Time Series.Replace Missing Values.Random Number Generators.Analyze Graphs Utilities Window Helpinin. nnAppe ndixExcelRan dom Number Gen erationInput5 =ROUN

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11、ials 20Appe ndix:File Edit View Insert Format Tools 凹ega5 |。貳占迪jndovv Help Adobe PDF(g)心二B丨呂41MIAJ 12AlADescriptive Statistics. Frequency Distributions ProbabilityHloa% 八討竽琴：1出僉 A g :1245_678910111213Nonparametric TestsGenerate Random Numbers.Mumber of values to be generated小IDecimal Pbizes; max'

12、;* Live functions1 Fixed valuesUniformMinirnumNormalExponentialUtilitiesHelp /1Hypothesis TestsMaximumAnalysis of Varianee Correlation / Regression Time Series Forecasting Chi-Square / CrosstabRandom Number Generation岡Appe ndix23SPSS Tutorial 224SPSS的界而25SPSS的界而主菜單Spss的主窗 - Data view數(shù)據(jù)瀏覽界而26SPSS的界而S

13、pss的主窗variable view變暈瀏覽界面27OpenOpen DatataseKead Text Data5 aveCtrl+SSae肚Display Data Info.Apply Data Dictionary.Cache Data.Print.Cti-l+FPrint Pi-evi ewSwitch ServerSt«3p Proc旦£2門：rCtrl+.Recently Used DataRecently Used FilesExi tIFile:文件操作完成文件的調(diào)入.存儲.顯示和打印等操作。EditUndo Set Cell Value Ctrl+ZM

14、 KiTj| 1 iTjCutDA ACtrl+XCopy lasteCtrl+CCtrl+VPaste Vari alClearDelFind.Ctrl+FOptions.SPSS的界而edit:文件編輯完成文本或數(shù)據(jù)內(nèi)容的選擇、拷貝、剪貼、尋找和替換等操作。22View2 Status BarToolbars.Fonts.2 Grid LinesValue LabelsVariables Ctrl+TSPSS的界面二" : 二，二二亠view:瀏覽編輯完成文本或數(shù)據(jù)內(nèi)容的狀態(tài)欄、工具欄、字體、網(wǎng)格線和數(shù)值標(biāo)簽等功能的操作。23Define DatesIns er ti abl e

15、Insert CaseGo to 匚ae.Sort CasesTrarLEpose.Merge FilesAggregateOrthogonal Desi gnSplit File.Select Cases.Wei ght CasesSPSS的界面二" : 二，二二亠data:數(shù)據(jù)管理完成數(shù)據(jù)變量名稱和格式的定義，數(shù)據(jù)資料的選 擇、排序、加權(quán)、數(shù)據(jù)文件的轉(zhuǎn)換、連接和匯總 等操作。23SPSS的界miTraitEformCompute.transform:數(shù)據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)換完成數(shù)據(jù)値的計算、重新編碼和缺失値替代等操作。Random dumber Seed.Count.RecodeCategori

16、ze VariablesKaiik CasesAutomatic Recode.Create Time SeriesReplace MisEing Values.Ruii Fending TraiLEforms25ReportsDescriptive StatisticsCustom TablesCompare MeansGeneral Linear ModelCorrelateRegressi onLoglinearClassiData Reducti onScaleNonparametri c TestsMultipleTime SeriesResporLseMi ssing Value

17、Analysi s.SPSS的界而analyze:統(tǒng)計分析完成一系列統(tǒng)計分析的選擇和應(yīng)用。25SPSS的界面j-i" mph 三OslII eiryZExx-t mar =blu 七 i veM mpB JT .Li rte Ajt e m.graphs:統(tǒng)計圖表完成統(tǒng)計圖表的建立和編輯。Pie.-Hi gJExLow . F 0 jt e t o .C o jtl"Lx ol. 26SPSS的界面#SPSS的界面#SPSS的界面Eii oi B =ar .S <z =l±. t e=x .Hi s -t o =am F FQ.-Q. S 0 qjxexxt

18、z 0 .BLOC Cujtv& .27SPSS的界而utilities:實用程序有關(guān)命令解釋、字體選擇、文件信息、定義輸出標(biāo)題和窗口設(shè)計等。27UtilitV：arialliesFile InfoDefine Sets.Use Smte.Rim Script.Menu Editor .SPSS的界面WindowMinimize All WindowE* 1. Untitled - SFSS Data Editor2 :Syiitajil - SPSS Syntax Editorwindow:窗口控制可進行窗口的排列.選擇和顯示等操作。28SPSS的界面29SPSS的界面Topi ce

19、#SPSS的界面#SPSS的界面Help:幫助幫助文件的調(diào)用、查詢和顯示等。TutorialSPSS Home PageSyntax GuideStatistic：£ CoachAbout.30SPSS的界而SPSS的界而Spss的結(jié)果輸出窗口SPSS的界而益 Output 1 - SPSS Vi ewerFile Edit Vi ew Insert Form at Analyze Graphs lltiliti es Window Help 色舊層|Bj A|團H 口同臥©I團旦I l i i 匚GraphSPSS的界而SPSS的界而Std. Dev = 7.59Mean

20、 = 160.6N = 30.00輸出Spss的統(tǒng)計分析程序的結(jié)果建立數(shù)據(jù)嗪序號性別年齡身高體重序號性別年齡身高體重113156.047.516女14164.744.1213155.037.817女14160.553.0313144.638.618女14147.036.4413161.541.619女14153.230.1513161.343.320女14157.940.46"713158.047.321男15166.057.0/89 in13161.047.122男15169.058.513162.047.023男15170.051.013164.333.824男15165.158

21、.0I VZII13144.033.825男15172.055.013157.949.226女15159.444.71214176.154.527女15161.345.41314168.050.028女15158.044.31414164.544.029女15158.642.81514153.058.030女15169.051.1三十名學(xué)生的身高與體重數(shù)據(jù)«：!； 1131建立數(shù)據(jù)嗪32建立數(shù)據(jù)嗪數(shù)値變量名 類型小數(shù)變量數(shù)値對齊數(shù)據(jù)寬度位數(shù)標(biāo)簽標(biāo)簽缺失值列寬方式量度回數(shù)據(jù)集2三十名學(xué)生年齡身高體重SPSS D&. EditorFile Edit ViAnalyze j Gra

22、phs Utilities Window KelpNameTypeWidthDecimalsLabelValuesMissingColumnsAlignMeasure1numberNumeric20編號NoneNone8RightScale2sexNumeric10性別化男None8RightScale3ageNumeric20年齡NoneNone8RightScale4heightNumeric51身高NoneNone8RightScale5weightNumeric41體重NoneNone8RightScale32II111 剣 QSPSS Processor is ready0副昌i j

23、 Data ViewSpss的主窗口有兩個界而：數(shù)據(jù)瀏覽界面(data view)與變量瀏覽界而(variable view) 建立數(shù)據(jù)文件由先要定義變量。33建立數(shù)據(jù)嗪34建立數(shù)據(jù)嗪Name1number2sex3ageheight5|weightName:變暈名在該欄輸入變量名（只能用字母）本例定義5個變量：NumberSexAgeHeightweight35建立數(shù)據(jù)嗪TypeNumericNumericNumericNumerictype:變暈類型系統(tǒng)默認為數(shù)值型有8種類型可供選擇：1 .Nimer ic:數(shù)值型變呂2. Comma:帶逗號的數(shù)值型變量3, Dot:帶圓點的數(shù)值型變量4.

24、Scientific:科學(xué)記數(shù)法5, Date:日期型變量6, Dollar:貨幣型變量7, Customcurrency:自定義型變暈8String:字符型變量36建立數(shù)據(jù)嗪#建立數(shù)據(jù)嗪Numeric為便于統(tǒng)計，本例全部定義為數(shù)值型。37建立數(shù)據(jù)嗪38建立數(shù)據(jù)嗪Width#建立數(shù)據(jù)嗪#建立數(shù)據(jù)嗪2T254width:寬度本例中各變暈的寬度:Number2Sex1Age2Height 5Weight 4#Decimals建立數(shù)據(jù)嗪decimals:小數(shù)位數(shù)本例中各變量的小數(shù)位數(shù):Number0Sex 0Age 0Height 1Weight 136建立數(shù)據(jù)嗪建立數(shù)據(jù)嗪Label性別體重labe

25、l:變量標(biāo)簽本例中各變量的標(biāo)簽:Nirrber編號Sex 性別Age 年齡Height身高Weight體重37ValuesNoneX男NoneNoneNone建立數(shù)據(jù)嗪value:數(shù)值標(biāo)簽本例定義“sex”數(shù)值標(biāo)簽:“男”叫”38建立數(shù)據(jù)嗪MissingNonemissing:缺失值本例選擇無缺值。NoneNoneNone39NoneColumns建立數(shù)據(jù)嗪columns:列寬本例中各變量數(shù)據(jù)管理器縱列寬全部定義為8。40建立數(shù)據(jù)嗪Right41建立數(shù)據(jù)嗪AlignRightRightalign:字符排列方向有三項選擇：left左對齊right右對齊center居中Right本例中全部選擇右對

26、齊。RightRight41MeasureScaleNominalScaleScaleScale建立數(shù)據(jù)嗪measire:數(shù)據(jù)量度有三項選擇：scale連續(xù)型變量ridinal有序分類變量nominal 名義型變量本例中除“sex”選為名義型變量外，其余均選連續(xù)型變量。42編輯數(shù)據(jù)久43編輯數(shù)據(jù)久D at a 數(shù)據(jù).#編輯數(shù)據(jù)久D e fi zxeD at e： m .Vmt* i abl e插入變肚Tixs er t C as e 插入觀測Gro t o C as e .察找觀測S Ot t 匚汪三Ws2觀測值排序TIT S-TlSE o S e數(shù)據(jù)的行列互換Mere Files數(shù)據(jù)合并u譽

27、mt e-數(shù)據(jù)分類匯總Ox t-ho s：oxlsl1 Zl e s i 各hl 正交廚Spl i t F i 1 e .致?lián)鸱諷 si e c t C as m m挑選觀測 也 i ght L as e s .-給數(shù)據(jù)加權(quán)44編輯數(shù)據(jù)嗪1、插入變量_!3、按體重排序一）numbersexageheight |weight |11 1|113156.047.52、插入觀測22113155.037.83_3113144.638.644113161.541.64、行列互換55113161.343.366213158.047.377213161.047.15、（按性別）數(shù)據(jù)拆分8213162.0

28、47.099213164.333.8W10213144.033.86、分類匯總1111114157.949.21212114176.154.51313114168.050.01414114164.544.01515114153.058.0編輯數(shù)據(jù)嗪激活變量“age”一點擊PaE菜單一點擊子菜單“ insert variable” 一系統(tǒng)自動插入一個默認名為"varOOOOl"的新變 量。45激活第3個觀測一點擊“dat于菜單一點擊子菜單編輯數(shù)據(jù)嗪insert case” 一系統(tǒng)自動插入一個默認為第3的新觀測。46編輯數(shù)據(jù)嗪點擊“dat護菜單一點擊子菜單“ sort case

29、Jf JT sort case對話框一點擊weight進行右側(cè)框內(nèi)一選定ascending（升序）一ok。Sort Cases編輯數(shù)據(jù)嗪編輯數(shù)據(jù)嗪絵編方number性別SEX 影年齡age 絵身高heightIIIIIIIIIIVVIIVIVVIIII1sweiqhtl-Sort OrderIwl AscendingDescending編輯數(shù)據(jù)嗪編輯數(shù)據(jù)嗪TrarLEpose點擊“data，、菜單一點擊子菜單“ transpose”打開transpose對話框一選中莊側(cè)框內(nèi)的所有變量，點擊進入右側(cè)框一ok。編號number 性別sex 年齡age 身高height 體重weightVariab

30、le(s)：Name Variable：編輯數(shù)據(jù)嗪點擊“data、菜單f點擊子菜單“ split file”打開split file對話框一選中compare groups 選中 sort the file by grotping variables 點擊sex進入右側(cè)groups based on框一ok。編輯數(shù)據(jù)嗪編輯數(shù)據(jù)嗪禺編號number發(fā)身高height 紗體重weightsexO Analyze all cases, do not create groups Compare groupsC Organize output by groupsGroups Based on:±

31、;燈 Sort the file by grouping variables C File is already sortedCurrent Status： Analysis by groups is off.點擊“data、菜單一點擊子菜單“ aggregate”打開aggregate對話框一將sex和age選入break variables框 作出相關(guān)的選擇一ok。H Aggregate Data2d編輯數(shù)據(jù)嗪編輯數(shù)據(jù)嗪方numbeil身"高height念體重weightBreak Variable(s)：簸性別sex:紗年齡ageAggregate Variable(s)：he

32、ight_1 = MEAN(height) weiqht 1 = MEANfweiqhtName & Label.Function.廠 Save number of cases in break group as variable: |N BREAK憐Create new data fileFi址| C:. (統(tǒng)計學(xué)課件)完成部分AGGFLSA廿Replace working data file數(shù)據(jù)運算Compute. . 計算Random Numb er Seed.Count清點變最值個數(shù)Recode重新編碼CategoriVariables.對變忙分組Cases給觀測値賦秩生lit

33、 omatic He c o de.自動對變扯匝新賦值CreaTime Series建立時間序列Replace Mi ssing Valuee.缺失值的替代Run Pending Transforms52數(shù)據(jù)運算numbersexageheightweight11113156.047.522113155.037.833113144.638.6土4113161.541.655113161.343.366213158.047.317213161.047.1衛(wèi)8213162.047.099213164.333.81010213144.033.8!111114157.949.21212114176.1

34、54.51313114168.050.01414114164.544.01515114153.058.01、計算:體重指數(shù)=體重/身高22、清點：身高160以下的人數(shù)3、分組：按身高將觀測分為4組53數(shù)據(jù)運算點擊“transfom”菜單一點擊子菜單“ compute”打開compute variable對話框一在target variable中指 定一個變量（可以是新變量）-*在type&lable中定義生成數(shù)據(jù)的類型或標(biāo)簽f在ntmeric expression 框中鍵入公式一ok。數(shù)據(jù)運算數(shù)據(jù)運算TCompiiteiabLeTarget Variable:Type&Label.夠編有number 影性別sex） 影年璧hgej 簸暑高height ：簸體重weightNumeric Expression:Functions:<=>=11 (11DeleteABS(numexpr)ANY(testvaluefvaluer.JARSINnumexprARTAN(num exprj CDFNORM(zv