高考英語(yǔ)省略句常見的陷阱題型(一)

1、高考英語(yǔ)省略句常見的陷阱題型（一）省略是為了避免重復(fù)、突出新信息而省略句中的一個(gè)或者幾個(gè)句子成分并使上下文緊密連接的一種語(yǔ)法修辭手段。在語(yǔ)言應(yīng)用中，尤其在對(duì)話中，是一種十分普遍的現(xiàn)象。在英語(yǔ)考試中，也經(jīng)常會(huì)采用微型語(yǔ)境的方法，使用省略手段來(lái)設(shè)計(jì)考試陷阱，增加考試的難度。在考試陷阱中，所涉及的省略情況一般有：詞的省略、句子成分的省略、多個(gè)成分的同時(shí)省略等。一、承前省略陷阱所謂承前省略指的是當(dāng)前后兩句結(jié)構(gòu)相同時(shí)，通常可將后一結(jié)構(gòu)與前一結(jié)構(gòu)相同的部分省略，從而使句子更簡(jiǎn)潔。一般說(shuō)來(lái)，這種省略考生是可以根據(jù)上下文的語(yǔ)境作出正確理解的，但是，當(dāng)這種省略與其他英語(yǔ)句型相似并很容易發(fā)生混淆時(shí)，就可能讓張冠李

2、戴，步入誤區(qū)。如果命題者剛好抓住這一點(diǎn)來(lái)巧妙設(shè)題，就很可能構(gòu)成有一定難度的陷阱題。如：1.what should i do with this passage? _ the main idea of each paragraph. (重慶卷)a. finding out b. found out c. find out d. to find out【分析】答案選c。很容易誤選a或d，誤認(rèn)為這是考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)問句可知，完整的答語(yǔ)應(yīng)是you should find out，此處是承前省略了you should，所以就是find out。2. my friend mary is _ beaut

3、iful girl and _ girl everyone likes to work with.a. a, a b. a, the c. the, a d. the, the【分析】此題很容易誤選b，認(rèn)為第一次提到 girl 用不定冠詞，第二次提到就應(yīng)該用定冠詞。但其實(shí)最佳答案是a。句中第二次提到 girl 時(shí)并不是特指的，此句實(shí)為一省略句，補(bǔ)充完整為 my friend mary is a beautiful girl and she is a girl everyone likes to work with. 請(qǐng)?jiān)倏磧傻李}(答案選a)：(1) jim is _ brave boy and

4、 _ boy never fearing anything.a. a, a b. a, the c. the, a d. the, the(2) it is really _ useful dictionary and _ dictionary every one of us needs.a. a, a b. a, the c. the, a d. the, the3. “what made her struggle to become an artist so hard?” “_ she was a woman.”a. / b. when c. that d. what【分析】此題最佳答案選

5、c。that用以引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句(此that不可省略)，其后的謂語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)等被省略，若補(bǔ)充完整，即為 that she was a woman made her struggle to become an artist so hard. 下面兩題答案選a，理由同上：(1) “what made her so happy?” “_ her son passed driving test.”a. that b. 不填 c. since d. for(2) “what were you trying to prove to the police?” “_ i was last night.”a. wher

6、e b. when c. that d. what4. if the weather is fine, well go. if _, _.a. not, not b. no, no c. not, no d. no, not【分析】此題應(yīng)選a。if not, not. 為 if the weather is not fine, we will not go 之省略。全句意為“如果天氣好，我們就去；如果天氣不好，我們就不去”。該句的特點(diǎn)是：后句與前句的用詞和句式完全相同, 只是前句為肯定，后句為否定，為了簡(jiǎn)潔起見, 于是將后句與前句相同部分省略，只保留否定詞 not。又如：if it is ch

7、eap, ill buy it. if not, not. 如果這東西便宜，我就買；如果不便宜，我就不買。if you study hard, youll succeed. if not, not. 你若努力，你就會(huì)成功；你若不努力，你就不會(huì)成功。二、語(yǔ)境省略陷阱這里所說(shuō)的語(yǔ)境省略指的是在一定的語(yǔ)境中，為了表達(dá)的簡(jiǎn)潔可省略有些不言而喻的信息。有時(shí)命題者巧妙地運(yùn)用這一省略手段可編制出一些非常高明的語(yǔ)境省略陷阱題。如：1. boris has brains. in fact, i doubt whether anyone in the class has _iq.a. a high b. a hi

8、gher c. the higher d. the highest【分析】此題答案為b。此句實(shí)為boris has brains. in fact, i doubt whether anyone in the class has a higher iq than him之省略。省略than him后不僅句意仍然清楚，而且顯得更為簡(jiǎn)潔。句意為“我懷疑班上有沒有哪個(gè)人比他智商更高”，即“我認(rèn)為他可能是班上智商最高的”。請(qǐng)?jiān)倏匆韵骂愃频念}目(分析理由同上，答案均選a)：(1) how beautifully she sings! i have never heard _ voice.a. a bet

9、ter b. a best c. the better d. the best(2) “ive never found _ job.” “congratulations.”a. a better b. a best c. the better d. the best(3) “what do you think of the service here?” “oh, wonderful. we couldnt have found _ place.”a. a better b. a best c. the better d. the best(4) how cold it is! weve nev

10、er had _ day this winter.a. a colder b. a cold c. the coldest d. the colder2. shes too thin. she _ gain some weight but she _ too little.a. would, ate b. will, eats c. would, eats d. will, ate【分析】此題有些難度，許多同學(xué)不知如何分析。我們先根據(jù)題目所提供的選項(xiàng)將句意大致勾出來(lái)：她太瘦了。她會(huì)增加體重的，但她吃得太少了。根據(jù)句首 shes too thin 這一所給信息可知，“她瘦”應(yīng)是客觀事實(shí)。按照一般的常識(shí)，“吃得少”就會(huì)引致“瘦”，“吃得多”就會(huì)導(dǎo)致“胖”，由于根據(jù)句首的信息，“她瘦”是客觀事實(shí)，所以她“吃得少”也應(yīng)是事實(shí)，所以