高考英語閱讀系列10

1、高考英語閱讀系列（10）aduring her childhood, rachel showed an interest in nature and in writing. after high school, she enrolled in pennsylvania state college for women, intending to become a writer. she switched to biology, however, thereby setting the course of her life. rachel went to johns hopkins univers

2、ity in baltimore for further study and became a member of the zoology staff at the university of maryland.for fifteen years, rachel worked for the united states fish and wildlife service, writing and editing publications. fortunately, her employer encouraged her to reach a larger audience. rachel

3、9;s poetic style of writing in three books about the ocean caught the imagination of the general reader. her rare talent as both a physical scientist and a gifted writer earned her the national book award for the sea around us.rachel's next book marked her as a leading conservationist and a crus

4、ader (努力消除公害的人) for the preservation of the natural environment. she began writing silent spring, knowing that she would be personally attacked and ridiculed. she continued writing despite the ill health that slowed her progress. upon completing the book, she wrote to a close friend, "i have fe

5、lt bound by a solemn obligation to do what i could if i didn't at least try i could never again be happy in nature. but now i can believe i have at least helped a little."rachel carson did more than help a little. although both government and industry opposed her, specialists in public heal

6、th, the press, and the public itself all supported her fight against the irresponsible use of insecticides. her book eventually led the government to ban ddt.1. this passage is concerned mainly with _.a) the environmental revolution in the united states b) rachel carson as a poetic writerc) the popu

7、larity of the sea around us and silent springd) rachel carson as a conservationist key： d。文章首句點明 rachel carson自幼即“showed an interest in nature and writing”，爾后以筆為武器致力宣傳環(huán)境保護，并作出顯著的貢獻。2. which of the following is not true according to the passage?a) as a child, rachel loved books and the natural world.

8、b) rachel started her higher education aiming at becoming a writer.c) she decided to switch her major to biology in johns hopkins university. d.) rachel won the national book award for the sea around us. key：c。她是在“pennsylvania state college for women”而并非在“johns hopkins university”內(nèi)念書時改學biology的。3. s

9、he began to write silent spring because _.a) her employer encouraged her to do sob) she felt obliged to fight against the poisoning of the earthc) her poetic writing style was very much appreciated by the general readerd) she knew that it would not bring her any personal harm key： b。第三段第一句“rachel

10、9;s next book（即 silent spring）marked her as a crusader for the preservation of the natural environment”，即說明此點。4. the statement "rachel carson did more than help a little " in the fourth paragraph signifies that _.a) she played a significant role in the environmental revolutionb) she had pr

11、oved herself to be an outstanding writer, poet and scientistc) she knew the importance of what she was doing and she succeededd) she devoted her whole life to helping friends and those suffering from the poisoned environment key：a?！皉.carson did more than help a little”一句所說明的，正是此項所含的內(nèi)容。5. we can draw

12、 from the passage the conclusion that _.a) rachel carson was the first and the last leading conservationistb) people will remember rachel carson as a gifted and outstanding writerc) whoever does his best to work in the interest of mankind will enjoy support from, and prestige among, the common peopl

13、ed) it is due to the contributions of rachel carson that people are now living in a clean environment key：c。a）項和d）項意思太絕對，可排除；b）項內(nèi)容只提及她作為一個作家的才能，而忽略了文章更側重的一面即她作為一個conservationist所做的貢獻。所以c）項是我們能從文章中所得出的合理而完整的結論。bhave you ever been startled by a loud noise or by someone appearing suddenly behind you on

14、 a dark night or by a snake in the grass? do you remember the sudden, tight feeling in your chest, the way your heart started to pound, the way you seemed to breathe more rapidly? such reactions occurred because you were frightened. your brain sent a signal to the special gland in your body called t

15、he adrenal gland. other parts of your body were involved, too, but the adrenal gland has a very special function.the adrenal gland is located on top of your kidney. since you have two kidneys, you also have two adrenal glands. each adrenal gland is divided into two parts: a cortex and a medulla. the

16、 cortex forms the outer shell; the medulla forms the central core. both the cortex and the medulla secrete hormones, but they have different functions.the cortex produces more than forty different chemical compounds and hormones. all these things are essential to sustain life. the medulla secretes a

17、drenalin (also called epinephrine, the hormone that prepares the body for emergencies). when you are suddenly faced with a dangerous or stressful situation, part of your brain instantly sends a signal to the adrenal gland, and all sorts of things begin to happen in your body. the medulla releases an

18、 extra amount of adrenalin into the bloodstream. the adrenalin is carried rapidly throughout the body, stimulating other glands and systems.6. in this passage, the author is mainly discussing the function of _.a) the human brain b) glands and systems in the bodyc) the cortex of the adrenal gland d)

19、the medulla of the adrenal gland key：d。 關于cortex文章雖也提到，但更側重于講述medulla的功能。7. which of the following is not true?a) the adrenal gland is located on top of the kidney.b) each kidney is composed of two adrenal glands.c) the medulla is inside the cortex. d) the cortex and the medulla have different funct

20、ions. key： b。文章第二段第一行“since you have two kidneys, you also have two adrenal glands”，說明“each kidney only has one adrenal gland”。8. it is _ that mainly helps you respond to a dangerous or stressful situation.a) a signal sent by your brain b) the special function of the adrenal glandc) all stimulated p

21、arts of your body d) all of these key： b。見最后一段第一句“when you are suddenly faced with.”。9. what could be said about the adrenalin?a) it is secreted by the kidneys into the bloodstream.b) it is the hormone that prepares the body for emergencies.c) it is the only useful hormone produced in the body. d) i

22、t is essential to sustain life. key：b。見第三段第二至第三行“the medulla secretes adrenalin.the hormone that hormone that prepares the body for emergencies”一句。10. what do you suppose the author will go on to discuss in the following paragraphs?a) the brain system. b) functions of the kidneys.c) other human orga

23、ns related to the kidneys. d) reactions of the body to stress and danger. key：d。本文最后一段已述及人體遇到危險和壓力時,medulla立即發(fā)揮作用，將adrenalin分泌至身體各部位，下文很可能進一步具體講述身體各部位是如何作出反應。cthe outside world begins creeping into the schools when the children reach the age of 13 and older, the age when they begin to make subject c

24、hoices and when, according to a careers officer, "they know -if they're a scientific lot or more inclined to the arts". the difficult part is bringing the outside world to life with all its opportunities and realities. schools are handicapped because they are staffed by people who only

25、 know about schools. careers services are heavily influenced by what is readily available in the area, which may be sausage-making in wiltshire or ship-building in clydeside. somewhere out in the world there are snail geneticists and landscape gardeners and girls who polish elizabeth taylor's di

26、amonds, but the careers officer knows little of them. what he knows about is engineering and hairdressing and opportunities in the army. it is not surprising that this constant friction between grand aspirations and uninspired reality produces cynicism in both parties.wherever they work, sixteen and

27、 seventeen-year-olds can find themselves used as cheap labour, picking things up off floors, fetching and carrying. some are paid a reasonable wage but it is quite possible to be paid only pocket-money. that's in the living-in jobs like hotel work. there is a small breakthrough of girls into tra

28、ditionally male preserves like agriculture, but that may be because very few boys now would put up with the low wages. most girls, despite women's liberation, head straight for hairdressing, nursing or office work and dream of being swept off their feet by the boss.11. in what sense does the aut

29、hor say the outside world begins "creeping into schools" when children first make subject choices?a) children begin to become interested in careers possibly open to them.b) children know what they are good at, science or arts.c) children start to make constant contact with careers officers

30、.d) children start to be concerned with what occupations they will be able to obtain. key：a。文章第一段提及當學童“begin to make subject choices”時，實際上他們也就是根據(jù)自己的氣質或愛好（a scientific lot or more inclined to the arts），開始對今后的事業(yè)在作準備。12. the result of the present staffing arrangements in schools is that _.a) teachers c

31、an concentrate on teachingb) schools can offer little help in finding career opportunitiesc) students are well prepared for whatever jobs they will getd) students leave school unqualified key：b。見文章第五、六行“schools are.staffed by people who only know about schools"一句。13. according to the passage, t

32、he youth become cynical because _.a) they feel they are misled by careers officersb) they can't accomplish in reality their strong desires to become scientists or to do something greatc) what they learn at school is quite different from what they see in societyd) they are treated unfairly in soc

33、iety key：b。見第一段最后一句:“it is not surprising that this constant friction between grand aspirations and uninspired reality produces cynicism in both parties”。14. according to the author, some girls start to engage in agriculture probably _.a) because they think they can do what boys can dob) because the

34、y have no other alternatives c) because there lie new career opportunitiesd) because that's what the women's liberation movement advocates key：d。文章第二段第四行先點出“a small breakthrough of girls into traditionally male preserves like agriculture”接下來又提及despite women's liberation”，說明雖然大部分年輕的婦女仍從事傳

35、統(tǒng)性的婦女職業(yè)，而這部分從事農(nóng)業(yè)的年輕女子，很可能是在身體力行“woman's liberation movement”的主張。15. a suitable title for the passage might be _.a) the gloomy job situation for the youth b) the difficulties in job hunting for the youthc) the disability of careers officers d) the friction between aspirations and reality key：b。文章

36、主要講述了青年人在選擇工作方面的困難。dtesting has replaced teaching in most public schools. my own children's school week is framed by pretests, drills, tests, and retests. they know that the best way to read a textbook is to look at the questions at the end of the chapter and then skim the text for the answers.

37、i believe that my daughter erica, who gets excellent marks, has never read a chapter of any of her school textbooks all the way through. and teachers are often heard to state proudly and openly that they teach to the mandated state test.teaching to the test is a curious phenomenon. instead of decidi

38、ng what skills students ought to learn, helping students learn them, and then using some sensible methods of assessment to discover whether students have mastered the skills, teachers are encouraged to reverse the process. first one looks at a commercially available test. then one distills the skill

39、s needed not to master reading, say, or math, but to do well on the test. finally, the test skills are taught.the ability to read or write or calculate might imply the ability to do reasonably well on standardized tests. however, neither reading nor writing develops simply through being taught to ta

40、ke tests. we must be careful to avoid mistaking preparation for a test of a skill with the acquisition of that skill. too many discussions of basic skills make this fundamental confusion because people are test obsessed rather than concerned with the nature and quality of what is taught.recently man

41、y schools have faced what could be called the crisis of comprehension or, in simple terms, the phenomenon of students with phonic and grammar skills still being unable to understand what they read. these students are competent at test taking and filling in workbooks and ditto masters. however they h

42、ave little or no experience reading or thinking, and talking about what they read. they know the details but can't see or understand the whole. they are taught to be so concerned with grade that they have no time or ease of mind to think about meaning, and reread things if necessary.16. the auth

43、or gives an account of erica's performance in her study in order to _.a) illustrate her cleverness in test-taking b) reveal the incompetence of teachersc) show there is something wrong with current practice in teachingd) demonstrate the best way to read textbooks key：c。見第一段第四行：“i believe that my

44、 daughter erica，who gets excellent marks，has never read a chapter of any of her school textbooks all the way through”一句。17. which of the following is true according to the passage?a) the phenomenon of teaching to the test has aroused curiosity in many educators.b) skills in general are not only useless but often lead students astr