關(guān)于高一英語(yǔ)教案：下學(xué)期Unit 16 重難點(diǎn)講解

1、unit 16 一、重難點(diǎn)講解1why should students be careful smelling from bottles? 為什么學(xué)生在聞瓶中氣味時(shí)要當(dāng)心？ be careful doing的意思是“做某事仔細(xì)或小心”，be careful后面常跟with，in，about等介詞短語(yǔ)，也可跟to do或從句。例如：people should be more careful about the things they say.大家對(duì)自己說(shuō)的話(huà)應(yīng)該很謹(jǐn)慎。be careful that the medicine is kept away from children.要小心把藥放在安

2、全的地方，不要讓小孩拿到。please be very careful with those plates! 那些盤(pán)子，要十分小心。2what is to be done when anything gets into your eyes? 如果你眼睛里進(jìn)了東西，該怎么辦？“be+ to do”結(jié)構(gòu)表示安排、命令、職責(zé)、義務(wù)、目的、用途、可能性、命中注定等。例如：we are to meet at the school gate. 我們約定在校門(mén)口碰頭。（安排）you are to be back by 10 oclock. 你得在10點(diǎn)鐘前回來(lái)。（命令）a knife is to cut w

3、ith. 刀是用來(lái)切割的。（用途）they were never to meet again.他們注定以后永遠(yuǎn)不再見(jiàn)面。（命中注定）不定式的被動(dòng)式用于當(dāng)邏輯主語(yǔ)是不定式動(dòng)作的接受者。再如：do you want to be taught german？ 你想讓人教你德語(yǔ)嗎？3more roads and trains mean more pollution.更多的路和火車(chē)意味著更多的污染。試比較：mean to do sth. 打算干某事 mean doing sth. 意味著i dont mean to argue with you. 我不打算跟你吵架。passing the entranc

4、e exam means being admitted into college.通過(guò)了高考意味著被大學(xué)錄取。4it is fast and clean and it doesnt make any noise as planes do. 它既快又清潔而不像飛機(jī)那樣制造噪音。make a noise 吵鬧、喧嘩、制造噪音。例如：try not to make a noise when you go upstairs.dont make so much noise. 不要大聲喧嘩。as在這里作連詞用，意思為“像一樣”，如：she is a fine singer，as her mother us

5、ed to.像她媽媽過(guò)去一樣，她是個(gè)很好的歌手。5we should make more use of this new technology. 我們應(yīng)該更好地利用這種新技術(shù)。make use of利用，use前不用冠詞，但可以加上某些形容詞。如：make good use of好好利用make full use of充分利用make the best use of充分利用make little use of 不充分利用6it is good for the economy、那對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)（發(fā)展）有好處。be good for作“對(duì)有好處”；“對(duì)有益”。例如：milk is good for you

6、. 牛奶對(duì)你健康有益。it is not good for children to give them everything they want.孩子要什么就給什么，這對(duì)他們并無(wú)益處。比較：be good to sb.（對(duì)友善）。例如：this boss is good to his employees, especially when they are ill.這位老板對(duì)他的雇員很好，尤其是當(dāng)他們生病時(shí)。be good at（擅長(zhǎng)于）。例如：the children is good at language study.這孩子擅長(zhǎng)語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)。7in the 18th century，benjam

7、in franklin conducted a number of experiments in which he showed what electricity is.十八世紀(jì)，本杰明·弗蘭克林做了一系列實(shí)驗(yàn)，以證明電是什么。in june 1752，i wanted to show that lighting and electricity are the same.1752年6月，我要證明閃電和電是一回事。一般來(lái)說(shuō)，從句的動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)與主句的動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)保持一致，也就是說(shuō)，如果主句中用過(guò)去時(shí)，從句一般也用過(guò)去范疇的時(shí)態(tài)。但是如果從句表達(dá)的是一種真理或客觀(guān)事實(shí)，使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。“做實(shí)驗(yàn)”

8、的各種說(shuō)法：do an experimentmake an experimentperform an experimentconduct an experimentcarry out an experimentconduct作為及物動(dòng)詞，作“指導(dǎo)，引導(dǎo)；指揮（樂(lè)團(tuán)、樂(lè)曲）；經(jīng)營(yíng)，管理”。如he conducted me around the museum. 他領(lǐng)我參觀(guān)了博物館。he conducted the orchestra. 他指揮管弦樂(lè)團(tuán)。the manager conducted his business carefully.這個(gè)經(jīng)理謹(jǐn)慎地管理著他的業(yè)務(wù)。a number of表示“

9、很多的，大量的”，后接可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。而the number of則表示“的數(shù)量”，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。如：a number of children play games online. 很多孩子在網(wǎng)上玩游戲。the number of cars is increasing year by year.驕車(chē)的數(shù)量在逐年增長(zhǎng)。8having realized that i could use a kite to attract lightning，i decided to do an experiment.意識(shí)到我能用風(fēng)箏來(lái)吸引閃電，我決定做一個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)。having realis

10、ed是現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式，在句中作狀語(yǔ)，表示其動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作之前，相當(dāng)于when i had realized that，再如：having answered the letter，she went on to listen to the radio.回完了信，她開(kāi)始接著聽(tīng)收音機(jī)。having been praised at the meeting，the girl felt very happy.在會(huì)上受到了表?yè)P(yáng)，這個(gè)女孩感到非常高興。9the string was getting charged. 細(xì)線(xiàn)開(kāi)始帶電！charge作及物動(dòng)詞，作“使充滿(mǎn)，飽含”。如：hes chargin

11、g a battery. 他正在為蓄電池充電?！癵et+過(guò)去分詞”表示“被（受）”。get用在表示動(dòng)作的動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞之前表被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，它強(qiáng)調(diào)該動(dòng)作和其所造成主語(yǔ)狀態(tài)的變化。如：he got lost in the forest. 他在森林里迷路了。the audience got confused. 觀(guān)眾被搞糊涂了。10i was beginning to think that the experiment would not work.當(dāng)時(shí)我開(kāi)始認(rèn)為這項(xiàng)實(shí)驗(yàn)行不通。work的意思是“起作用；產(chǎn)生影響；行得通；奏效”。例如：the medicine seems to be working. 藥好

12、像起作用了。will your method work? 你的方法行嗎？比較begin to do與begin doing：1）begin后跟to do或doing，含義上沒(méi)有多少差異。如果談?wù)撘粋€(gè)長(zhǎng)期的習(xí)慣動(dòng)作開(kāi)始養(yǎng)成時(shí)，更加常用begin doing。例如：how old were you when you first began playing the piano?2）當(dāng)begin后面跟的是understand，realize，see，know，think等動(dòng)詞時(shí)，用begin to do。例如：she began to think she was wrong after a secon

13、d thought.經(jīng)過(guò)重新考慮后，她開(kāi)始認(rèn)為她錯(cuò)了。3）當(dāng)begin用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)，其后跟to do。如：mary is beginning to do her homework.4）當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是物或用于描述天氣變化時(shí)，其后跟to do如：the water began to boil. 水開(kāi)始開(kāi)了。it began to get dark before we knew it. 不知不覺(jué)地天黑下來(lái)了。11this experiment proves that lightning and electricity are the same. 這個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)證明閃電與電相同的。prove作為及物動(dòng)詞，當(dāng)“證

14、明，證實(shí)”講，如：the facts prove that he is a brave fighter.（prove + that從句）事實(shí)證明他是一個(gè)勇敢的戰(zhàn)士。he has proved his courage in the battle.（prove + n）在戰(zhàn)斗中已經(jīng)證明了他的勇氣。he proved himself to be a capable general.（prove+賓語(yǔ)+賓補(bǔ)）他證明自己是一位有能力的將軍。prove還可作系動(dòng)詞，后接形容詞或名詞作表語(yǔ)，意為“證明是”。如：the method proved（to be）effective. 這種辦法證明是有效的。he

15、proved a successful manager. 他證明是一位成功的經(jīng)理。12add a tail to the frame and tie a long string to the cross so you can control the kite.給風(fēng)箏框上加上條尾巴并在中心架上系一條細(xì)線(xiàn)這樣就能控制風(fēng)箏了。add作為及物動(dòng)詞，意為“加，增加”如：the fire is out，will you please add some wood?火要滅了，請(qǐng)你添些木柴好嗎？addto意為“在放（加）”如：if you add some salt to the soup，it will ta

16、ste better.如果你在湯里放些鹽，湯的味道會(huì)更好些。add to = increase增加，增添。如：this visit will greatly add to our understanding of our country.這次訪(fǎng)問(wèn)將大大增加我們對(duì)貴國(guó)的了解。add up to合計(jì)，總計(jì)。如：his whole schooling added up to no more than one year.他所受的學(xué)校教育加起來(lái)不到一年。tieto解釋“把綁在（系到）上”。如：the farmer tied the horse to a tree. 這個(gè)農(nóng)夫把馬拴在一棵樹(shù)上。13take

17、 care that the string does not touch the wall or the door.注意不要讓長(zhǎng)線(xiàn)碰到墻壁或門(mén)。take care常用于以下結(jié)構(gòu)：take care of（愛(ài)護(hù)；照顧）。例如：she urged me to take care of myself. 她力勸我保重自己。she stayed at home to take care of the baby. 她留在家里照顧嬰兒。take care that（小心；注意）。例如：take care that you dont spoil your clothes.當(dāng)心不要把衣服弄臟。二、詞語(yǔ)辨析1el

18、ectric，electrical這兩個(gè)詞都是“電的”意思。不同的是：electric指“由電產(chǎn)生的”或“帶電的裝置”；而“electrical”指“有關(guān)電學(xué)方面的”。an electric clock/light/iron/wire電子鐘/電燈/電熨斗/電線(xiàn)electrical engineering電工學(xué)an electrical engineer 電力工程師2pull，draw，dragpull是個(gè)普通用語(yǔ)，意為“用力拉”，指使物體朝著發(fā)出力的方向移動(dòng)，不強(qiáng)調(diào)移動(dòng)的方式。mother pulled me by the hand. 媽媽拉著我的手。pull the door open. dont push it. 把門(mén)拉開(kāi)，別推。draw與pull意思接近，通常指“拖、拉”的動(dòng)作比pull更均勻、平穩(wěn)，從容out of the package he drew a paper and gave it to my father.他從小包里抽出一份文件遞給我父親。after some time，he began to draw the net in.過(guò)了一些時(shí)候，他開(kāi)始收網(wǎng)。dra