初中現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)講解

1、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí): have/ has +過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞 1) 表示到現(xiàn)在為止已經(jīng)完成或剛剛完表示到現(xiàn)在為止已經(jīng)完成或剛剛完成的動(dòng)作。成的動(dòng)作。 Now we have planted all the trees. He has just come back. 2) 表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作, 但強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果或?qū)Φ珡?qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果或?qū)ΜF(xiàn)在的影響?，F(xiàn)在的影響。 Have you had your supper? I have read the book twice already. 在以上兩種用法中常跟在以上兩種用法中常跟already, notyet, never, just, befo

2、re, ever, recently等等時(shí)間繼續(xù)下去的狀語(yǔ)。時(shí)間繼續(xù)下去的狀語(yǔ)。 3) 表示過(guò)去已經(jīng)開始表示過(guò)去已經(jīng)開始, 持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在, 也也許還會(huì)繼續(xù)下去的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，常與包許還會(huì)繼續(xù)下去的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，常與包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)的一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用。括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)的一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用。 He has studied English for 6 years. Mary has been busy since she came back from Hangzhou. 1. 1.直接加直接加-ed-ed。如：。如：play-playedplay-played 2. 2.以字母以字母e e結(jié)尾的直接加結(jié)

3、尾的直接加d d 。如：。如：name-name-namednamed 3. 3.以輔音字母加以輔音字母加y y結(jié)尾的，變結(jié)尾的，變y y為為i i加加eded。如：。如：carry-carriedcarry-carried 4. 4.重讀閉音節(jié)且末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母，重讀閉音節(jié)且末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母，雙寫這個(gè)輔音字母再加雙寫這個(gè)輔音字母再加-ed-ed。如：。如：stop-stop-stoppedstopped1 1. .肯定句肯定句現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的肯定句式是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的肯定句式是“havehave（hashas）過(guò)去分詞）過(guò)去分詞”。 注意：該句式中的注意：該句式中的havehave或或has

4、has是助動(dòng)詞，是助動(dòng)詞，hashas用于第三用于第三人稱單數(shù)，其它人稱一律用人稱單數(shù)，其它人稱一律用havehave。2.2.疑問(wèn)句疑問(wèn)句現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的一般疑問(wèn)句式是把助動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的一般疑問(wèn)句式是把助動(dòng)詞have或或has提提到主語(yǔ)之前。到主語(yǔ)之前。 （回答用回答用“Yes，have（has）“No，havent（hasnt）” ）3.3.否定句否定句：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的否定句式是：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的否定句式是“havent（hasnt）過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞”。 I have eaten my lunch.She has eaten her lunch.He has eaten his lunch.肯定句

5、肯定句They have eaten their lunch.I have not (havent) seen the film. She has not (hasnt) seen the film.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的否定否定形式：形式：have not (havent) +過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞 has not (hasnt) +過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞 I havent eaten supper. eat-eatenHe hasnt changed his idea. change-changedMy mother hasnt come back home. come-come否定句否定句1. I

6、ve already had dinner. I _ _ dinner _.2. He has just finished his homework. He _ _ his homework _.3. Mums cooked the dinner. Mum _ _ the dinner.4. Susans learned English at school. Susan _ _ English at school.haventhadyethasnt finishedyethasnt cookedhasnt learned把下列句子改為否定句把下列句子改為否定句Have you eaten yo

7、ur breakfast?現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的一般疑問(wèn)句形式現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的一般疑問(wèn)句形式Have/has 提前提前+過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞 Have you known Sandy for a long time?Yes, I have/ No, I havent. know-knownHas she eaten anything since 9:00 a.m.Yes, she has/ No, she hasnt. eat-eaten疑問(wèn)句疑問(wèn)句1. Ive already had dinner. 2. He has just finished his homework. 3. Mums cooked th

8、e dinner.4. Susans learned English at school.Have you already had dinner?Has he just finished his homework?Has mum cooked the dinner? Has Susan learned English at school?把下列句子改為一般疑問(wèn)句把下列句子改為一般疑問(wèn)句分清與一般過(guò)去時(shí)的用法分清與一般過(guò)去時(shí)的用法現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)屬于現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)的范圍，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)屬于現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)的范圍，不能不能和表示過(guò)去和表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，如的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，如yesterday,last night,t

9、hree weeks yesterday,last night,three weeks ago,in1990ago,in1990等等. .而一般過(guò)去時(shí)只表示過(guò)去的動(dòng)作或狀而一般過(guò)去時(shí)只表示過(guò)去的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，和現(xiàn)在不發(fā)生關(guān)系。態(tài)，和現(xiàn)在不發(fā)生關(guān)系。egeg- I have seen the film.- I have seen the film.egeg- I saw the film last week.- I saw the film last week.egeg- He has lived here since 1993.- He has lived here since 1993.ege

10、g- He lived here in 1993.- He lived here in 1993. Notes: 1) have gone to 與與have been to have gone to表示某人已離開了原地，去表示某人已離開了原地，去了另外某地，說(shuō)話時(shí)，人已不在原地。后者了另外某地，說(shuō)話時(shí)，人已不在原地。后者表示某人曾表示某人曾 have been to去過(guò)某地，說(shuō)話時(shí)人已不在去過(guò)某地，說(shuō)話時(shí)人已不在某地了。某地了。 He has been to Xian twice. 他曾經(jīng)去過(guò)西安兩次。（已經(jīng)回來(lái)了）他曾經(jīng)去過(guò)西安兩次。（已經(jīng)回來(lái)了） You cant find him. H

11、e has gone to Xian. 你找不到他。他去西安了。（沒(méi)回來(lái)）你找不到他。他去西安了。（沒(méi)回來(lái)）動(dòng)詞填空：動(dòng)詞填空：1._ you _(clean) the room?1._ you _(clean) the room? Yes, we_(do Yes, we_(do) that already.) that already. When _ you _(do) it? When _ you _(do) it? We _(do) it an hour ago. We _(do) it an hour ago.2._ he _(see) this film yet? Yes.2._ h

12、e _(see) this film yet? Yes. When _ he _(see) it? When _ he _(see) it? He _ it last week. He _ it last week. 3. How many times _you_(come) here? 3. How many times _you_(come) here? Once. Once.HaveHavecleanedcleanedhave donehave donediddiddododiddidHasHasseenseendiddidseeseesawsawhavehavecomecome4. I

13、 _ (read) the novel twice. Its interesting.4. I _ (read) the novel twice. Its interesting.5. She _(go) to Pairs, hasnt she? Yes.5. She _(go) to Pairs, hasnt she? Yes. How _ she _(go) there? How _ she _(go) there? She _(go) there by air. She _(go) there by air.6. So far, many countries _(develop) 6.

14、So far, many countries _(develop) their software programs. their software programs.7.Mr Chen _(give)up smoking last year.7.Mr Chen _(give)up smoking last year.8._ you ever _(ride) a horse? Never.8._ you ever _(ride) a horse? Never.9.He _( keep) the book since two days ago.9.He _( keep) the book sinc

15、e two days ago.have readhave readhas gonehas gonediddidgogowentwenthave developedhave developedgavegaveHaveHaveriddenriddenhas kepthas kept1. Ive already had dinner. 2. He has just finished his homework. 3. Mums cooked the dinner.4. Susans learned English at school. What have you already done?What h

16、as he just done?Who has cooked the dinner?Where has Susan learned English?對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)（for+for+表示一段時(shí)間的詞組，表示一段時(shí)間的詞組，since+since+表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻的詞或詞表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻的詞或詞組）組）謂語(yǔ)只可用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞謂語(yǔ)只可用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞. .egeg.- Ive lived here for .- Ive lived here for 15 years15 years. .egeg.- Ive lived here since .- Ive lived here since 1

17、5 years ago15 years ago(1990)(1990)選用選用forfor和和sincesince填空填空: :1.We havent seen each other _ a long time.1.We havent seen each other _ a long time.2.His father has been in the factory _ 10 years ago.2.His father has been in the factory _ 10 years ago.3.The film has been on _ 20 minutes.3.The film h

18、as been on _ 20 minutes.4.Mr Green has worked here _ he came to China.4.Mr Green has worked here _ he came to China.5.His grandparents have been dead _ several years.5.His grandparents have been dead _ several years.6. Its five years _ we met last time6. Its five years _ we met last timeforforsincesinceforforsincesinceforforsincesince練習(xí)題練習(xí)題: 1.Its a long time since we _ (meet) last, isnt it? 2.-I know you _ (choose) a picture book among these. -Yes,Have a look at it, please. 3.So far, spaceships