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1、lessonlessonlessonlessonlessonlessonlessonlessonlessonlessonlessonlessonlessonlessonlessonlessonlessonlessonlessonlessonlessonlessonlessonlessonlessonlessonlessonlessonlessonlessonlessonlessonlessonlessonlessonlessonlessonlessonlessonlessonlessonlessonlesson3祈使句簡單的倒裝句5冠詞選擇疑問句7特殊疑問句 一般疑問句9 how ?的一些社交
2、上的用法形容詞的意義與作用11所有格形容詞和所有格代詞名詞所有格100直接引語和間接引語101反意疑問句refering web:新概念英語第一冊所有語法點匯總1人稱代詞 含有be動詞的陳述句、否定句和一般疑問句15名詞可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)變復數(shù)的規(guī)則16名詞復數(shù)-s或-es的發(fā)音規(guī)則19 there be 句型常見方位介詞:in、on> over、under21動詞的雙賓語23定語29情態(tài)動詞 情態(tài)動詞must的用法31時態(tài):共十六種時態(tài),時態(tài)是通過動詞變化來實現(xiàn)的?,F(xiàn)在進行時34動詞+ing的規(guī)則35短語動詞37 be going to句型賓語補足語39祈使句 do的用法40詞組:動詞+介詞
3、43情態(tài)動詞can的用法47 一般現(xiàn)在時48序數(shù)詞49動詞加s(es)規(guī)則動詞不定式some、any用法51 what- (be, look-) like?頻率副詞57 一般現(xiàn)在時與現(xiàn)在進行時59 have/has 的用法61主語+系動詞+表語63 each和every的區(qū)別64 禁令 don' t and mustn" t65日期的表達反身代詞67一般過去時動詞的過去式變化否定疑問句69用介詞at, on和in的時間短語74副詞的用法副詞的構(gòu)成75賓語從句79 must 與 need83現(xiàn)在完成時85現(xiàn)在完成時的特殊結(jié)構(gòu)89 for 與 since91 一般將來時95 ha
4、d better 和 must99賓語從句lesson 103lesson 105lesson 107lesson 111lesson 113lesson 116lesson 117lesson 119lesson 121lesson 123lesson 125lesson 127too與enough的用法動詞不定式形容詞的比較級和最高級形容詞的平級比較級so與neither引導的簡短回答不定代詞過去進行時概念和結(jié)構(gòu)過去完成時定語從句感嘆句must, have to 和 needn, t表示猜測和推斷的情態(tài)助動詞must和can' tlesson 131情態(tài)助動詞may表示可能性les
5、son 133需改變時態(tài)的間接陳述句lesson 135 let 的用法lesson 137條件從句lesson 141-144 被動語態(tài)新概念英語第一冊全部語法時態(tài):一般現(xiàn)在時,現(xiàn)在進行時,一般過去時,現(xiàn)在完成時,一般將來時,過去進行時,過去完成時,過去將來 時1. 一般現(xiàn)在時表示一般性,經(jīng)常性的動作或一般性事實。u含有be動詞的句子he is a girl is very and jack arc 變疑問句將be動詞移到句首is he a teacher?is the girl very beautiful?are tim and jack students?變否定句在be動詞后面加not
6、he is not a girl is not very and jack arc not 肯定回答及否定回答yes, he is. no, he is she is. no, she is they are. no, they are 不含有動詞的句子,即含有一般動詞的句子 第三人稱單數(shù)及單數(shù)名詞he 1 ikes 1 ikes dog 1 ikes 變疑問句在句首加does,動詞變?yōu)樵蚫ocs he like books?does she like him?does the dog like bones?變否定句在主語及動詞之間加doesn' t,動詞變?yōu)樵蚳e doesn?
7、t 1 ike doesn? t 1 ike dog doesnt like 肯定回答及否定回答:yes, he docs. no, he doest.yes, she does. no, she doesn" tyes, it does. no, it doesn" t.注意:第三人稱單數(shù)形式一般在動詞后面加s,不要和名詞復數(shù)混淆,變否定句或疑問句時名詞復數(shù)沒有任何變化。其他人稱及復數(shù)名詞1 want to have a have some students like smart 變疑問句在句首加 dodo you want to have a bath?do we ha
8、ve any meat?do the students like smart teachers?變否定句在主語和動詞之間加don, t.you don" t want to have a don" t have any students don" t like smart 肯定回答及否定回答 yes, i do. no, i don, t.yes, we do. no, we don,tyes, they do. no, they don' t2. 現(xiàn)在進行時表示現(xiàn)在正在進行的動作。構(gòu)成:主語+be動詞+動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞+其它成分(現(xiàn)在分詞的構(gòu)成見附錄)we
9、 are havingis reading a dog is rimning after a boys are swimming across the 變疑問句將be動詞移到句首arc we having lunch?is he reading a book?is the dog running after a cat?are the boys swimming across the river?變否定句在be動詞后面加notwe are not having is not reading a dog is not running after a boys are swimming acros
10、s the 特殊疑問句:what, which, how, where, who, etc.匕丁問詞+動詞+主語+現(xiàn)在分詞what are you doing?what is she doing?whcit is the dog doing?(必背)沒有進行時的動詞表示狀態(tài),思想,感情和感覺的動詞不能表示正在進行的動作1. 表示感覺,感官的詞see, hear, like, love, want,2. have, has當”擁有”講時沒有進行時3. 一般過去時表示過去發(fā)生的動作或事件,常和表示過去的時間狀語連用,如yesterday, last night, the day before ye
11、sterday, 3 days ago,含有be動詞的句子,將動詞變?yōu)檫^去式,am, is的過去式為was, are的過去式為werei was at the butcher? s.you were a student a year teacher was very beautiful ten years 變疑問句將 be 動詞移動到句首 were you at the butcher, s?were you a student a year ago?was the teacher very beautiful ten years ago?變否定句在be動詞后面加not1 was not at
12、 the butcher' s.you were not a student a year teacher was not very beautiful ten years 肯定回答否定回答 yes, t was. no, t was you were. no, you were he/she was. no, he/she was 特殊疑問句: what did you do?(必背)不含有be動詞的句子,將動詞變?yōu)檫^去式,動詞過去式構(gòu)成見附錄i finished my homework boy went to a sawyers lived at king street a yea
13、r 變疑問句在句首 加did,動詞變?yōu)樵蚫id you finish your homework yesterday?did the boy go to a restaurant?did the sawyers live at king street a year ago?變否定句在主語和動詞之間加did nott did not finish my homework boy did not go to a sawyers did not live at king street a year 肯定回答及否定回答yes, i did. no, i didn, t.yes, he did. no
14、, he didn, t.yes, they did. no, they did 現(xiàn)在完成時構(gòu)成:主語+助動詞have, has+過去分詞用法:1)表示過去發(fā)生的和現(xiàn)在有某種聯(lián)系的動作,常和just, usually, already, since等時間副詞連用i have just had lunch.(飽了,不用再吃了)he has had a cup of tea.(不渴了,不用再喝)they have already had their holiday.(不能再度假了)the boy has already read the book.(已經(jīng)知道書的內(nèi)容了,不用再看了)2)詢問別人是否
15、做過某事一般用現(xiàn)在完成時:have you finished your homework?have you been to beijing?have he seen the film?3)表示開始于過去并持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作t have 1ived in beijing for twentyhave worked for this school for 1表示一種經(jīng)歷,經(jīng)驗:去過地方,做過事情,經(jīng)歷過事情i have never had a have never seen a have never been to have ever been to been to 表 示去過,have gone
16、to表示去了i have been to london.(人已經(jīng)回來) he has gone to london.(人還在那里)5)表示一種結(jié)果,一般不和時間副詞聯(lián)用1 have lost my have hurt has become a has broken my heart句型變化:變疑問句將助動詞移到句首,變否定句在助動詞后面加have you lost your pen? i have not lost my 肯定回答及否定回答yes, i have. no, i have 特殊疑問句:what have you done?what has he done?一般過去時與現(xiàn)在完成時的
17、區(qū)別:凡是有明確的表示過去的時間狀語的句子為過去時注意:有些動詞表示的動作有一個終點,不能再延續(xù),因此不能和表示一段時間狀語連用錯: v ve left beijing for 3 days對:i left beijing 3 days ago. i have been away from being for 3一般將來時表示將來將要發(fā)生的動作,經(jīng)常和 tomorrow, next year, the day after tomorrow, the year after the next, in five hours' time, etc.表示將來的詞聯(lián)用結(jié)構(gòu):主語+助動詞w訂1+動詞
18、原形1 will go to america pilot will fly to japan the month after the will move into his new house t omorrow變疑問句將助動詞移到句首will you go to america tomorrow?will the pilot fly to japan the month after the next?will jack move into his new house tomorrow morning?變否定句在助動詞后面加noti will not go to america pilot wi
19、ll not fly to japan the month after the will not move into his new house tomorrow morning肯定回答及否定回答yes, i will. no, i wi 11 he/she will. no, hc/shc will he will. no, he w訂 1 特殊疑問句: what wi11 you do?6. 過去完成時:用法:在過去的時間里,兩個動作中,發(fā)生在前的哪個動作要用過去完成時。結(jié)構(gòu):had+過去分詞after she had finished her homework, she went had
20、 sold the car before i asked the train had left before i arrived at the引導的時間狀語從句放在句首要在句子后面加逗號,如果放在主句后則 不用加。變疑問句將助動詞移到句首had she finished her homework?變否定句在助動詞后面加notshe hadn' t finished her肯定回答及否定回答yes, she had. no, she hadn, t.特殊疑問句:what had she done?7. 過去進彳亍時表示過去正在進行的動作,經(jīng)常用在when, wh訂e, as引導的狀語從句
21、中。結(jié)構(gòu):was/were+doingwhen my husband was going into the dining room this morning, he dropped some coins on the we were having dinner, my father was watching過去將來時結(jié)構(gòu):would doshe said she wou1d go here the next morning.二.特殊句型:there be句型,be going to結(jié)構(gòu)1. be going to 結(jié)構(gòu)表示打算,準備,計劃做某事結(jié)構(gòu):主語+be動詞+going to +動詞原型
22、i am going to make a are going to pai ntfat her is going to give the bookcase to his 變疑問句將be動詞移到句首are you going to meike a bookcase?are they going to paint it?is the father going to give the bookcase to his daughter?變否定句在be動詞后面加nott am not going to make a are going to paint father is not going to gi
23、ve the bookcase to his 肯定回答及否定回答yes, i am. no, i am they arc. no, they are he is. no, he is 特殊疑問句what are you going to do?what are they going to do?what is the father going to do?(必背)2. there be 句型表示哪里有什么東西(某處有某物)uis +單數(shù)名詞+表示場所的詞(-般為介詞詞組) is a book in thisis a pen on the tabletherethere uare +復數(shù)名詞+表
24、示場所的詞(一般為介詞詞組)are two pens on the are three schools 變疑問句將be動詞移到句首theretherets there a book in this room?are there two pens on the table?變否定句在動詞后面加notthere is not a book in thisare not two pens on the 肯定回答及否定回答yes, there is. no, there isthere are. no, there are not.三.問句:一般疑問句,特殊疑問句,選擇疑問句,反意疑問句,選擇疑問句,
25、否定疑問句2一般疑問句:助動詞/be動詞+主語are you a teacher? do you want to have a cup of tea?2特殊疑問句:特殊疑問詞+般疑問句what is your name?2orbeef or lamb?選擇疑問句:do you want2肯定陳述句+否定疑問部分,否定陳述部分+肯定疑問部分反意疑問句:you don, t need that pen, do you?2否定疑問句:一般疑問句+否定詞aren' t you lucky? don' t you wemt have a rest?四.冠詞用法:a/an/the的一般用法
26、詳細見筆記五.限定詞:some, any, many, much2some, any修飾可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞,some用于肯定句,any用于否定句和疑問句,注意,當期待對方 的答案為肯定回答時用some2many修飾可數(shù)名詞,much修飾不可數(shù)名詞,在口語中表示很多一般不用many, much,而用a lot of,在 否定句中表示很多用 many,have a lot of money. i don' t have much money.六.名詞:種類,復數(shù),名詞所有格1. 名詞分為可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞2不可數(shù)名詞無法分開的東西:water, tea, bread, m訂k, ric
27、e (米)抽象的東西:love, beauty, coldness (寒冷)不可數(shù)名詞有以下特點:1不能用a, an修飾1不能加s1和單數(shù)be動詞或動詞搭配2可數(shù)名詞:單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞要用冠詞修飾,復數(shù)可數(shù)名詞要在名詞后面加s,名詞復數(shù)共有以下幾種變化:規(guī)則變化的名詞復數(shù)形式規(guī)則1一般情況+se. g shellshells bookbooks規(guī)則2以 s, x, ch, sh 結(jié)尾+ese. g foxfoxeschurch-*churches, bus-abuses, watch-swatches規(guī)則3以o結(jié)尾+s或+ese. g potatofpotatoes, negronegroes,
28、heroheroes, tomatotomatoes, (口訣: 黑人英雄愛吃土豆和西紅柿),剩下一般加s, radioradios規(guī)則4以f, fe結(jié)尾的,變f, fe為vese. g lifeliveshalffhalves, shelfshelves, citycities, wifewives規(guī)則5以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾,變y為i+ese. g sky-skiesflyf flies不規(guī)則變化的名詞復數(shù)形式單數(shù)man woman foot goose tooth復數(shù)men women feet geese teeth單數(shù)child sheep deer mouse fish復數(shù)childr
29、en sheep deer mice fish七.介詞(注意總結(jié)書上詞組)八. 副詞:用法及形容詞變副詞的變化u副詞可以修飾形容詞,動詞,副詞或整個句子。如:the book is very runs came here quite i will go with 變化:1.直接在形容詞后加-ly, careful-carefully, slow-slowly,以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的形容詞,把y變i,力口-ly,happy-happily, lucky-luckily3.有些詞形容詞和副詞的形式相同,不需要做任何變化fast, hard, late4.有些詞加上-ly后意思與原詞相差很遠: nea
30、ry-nearly, high-highly, latelately,九.情態(tài)動詞的使用:can, must, may, might, need,1. 情態(tài)動詞can (能夠),must (必須),may (可以)結(jié)構(gòu):主語+can/must/may+動詞原型he can make the can air the can speak 變疑問句將情態(tài)動詞移到句首can he make the tea?can sally air the room?can we speak english?變否定句在情態(tài)動詞后面加nothe cannot make the cannot air the cannot
31、 speak 肯定回答及否定回答yes, he can. no, he she can. no, she we can. no, we 特殊疑問句: what can you do?(必背)注意:情態(tài)動詞的句子沒有第三人稱單數(shù)的變化,不要在情態(tài)動詞或動詞后面加s。2. must/have to 的區(qū)別must表示必須,是主觀上覺得應該做,have to是不得不,是由于客觀條件逼迫的必要要做 must只能用在表示現(xiàn)在和將來的句子里,而have to do可以用在任何時態(tài)3. must, may, might 表示猜測:umust do表示對現(xiàn)在事實的猜測umust have done表示對過去事
32、實的猜測umust have been doing表示對過去正在進行的事實的猜測umay/might do, may/might have done表示沒有任何事實依據(jù)的猜測,might的可能性更小。ucan' t/couldn" t表示不可能4. need 用法:u表示“需要”時為實意動詞,后面可以加名詞,也可以加不定式:i need a pen. do you need any beer? no, i don' ti need to have aneed doing=need to be done,表示被動the flowers needneed在否定時做情態(tài)動詞
33、使用you needn' t go so early.二you don' t need to go so i clean the desk right now? no, you needn' t.十.不定代詞及不定副詞:someanynoeverything something anyt hing nothing everything onesomeoneanyoneanythingeveryonewheresomewhereanywhereanywhereeverywherebodysomebodyanybodynobodyeverybodyi looked for
34、my book everywhere, but i can' t find it you want go somewhere, if you want to be someone, you must wake somebody? anybody?you are really everybody is here, let' s begin our did you go? i wentis at have nothingleft.感嘆句:uwhat +名詞+主語+謂語what a beautiful girl she is! uhow +形容詞+主語+謂語how beautiful
35、 the girl is! 十二.祈使句:1第二人稱:1let+其他人稱代詞1祈使句的否定,加don,t 反意疑問 祈使句(第二人稱) 祈使句表示請求,命令,建議,邀請等,謂語動詞一律用原型,句子中通常不用主語,句末用驚嘆好或者 句號,用降調(diào)??隙ň鋭釉~原型 例, come here, please go downstairs, please stand up. sit down be quiet be careful. 祈使句中如果有喚語,一定要用逗號隔開,放在句首或者句尾come in, down here, give me a book 否定:don,t+動詞原型 don't come sitst andgive me sb. dolet me us have a have a 反意疑問):let' s have a walk along the river, shall we?let us go out for a drink, will you? 十三.倒裝句:so/neithe
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