醫(yī)學(xué)研究生.專(zhuān)業(yè)外語(yǔ).詞匯

1、專(zhuān)業(yè)英語(yǔ)詞匯 :influenza 流感acute tracheobronchitis 急性氣管 -支氣管炎pneumonia 肺炎community acquired pneumonia,cap 社區(qū)獲得性肺炎hospital acquired pneumonia,hap 醫(yī)院獲得性肺炎ventilator associated pneumonia,vap 呼吸機(jī)相關(guān)性肺炎healthcare associated pneumonia,hcap 衛(wèi)生保健相關(guān)性肺炎protected specimen brush ,psb 防污染樣本毛刷bronchial alveolar lavage,ba

2、l 支氣管肺泡灌洗percutaneous fine-needle aspiration,pfna 經(jīng)皮細(xì)針吸檢urinary antigen test 尿抗原試驗(yàn)streptococcus pneumoniae 肺炎鏈球菌pneumococcal pneumoniae 肺炎球菌staphylococcal pneumonia 葡萄球菌肺炎mycoplasmal pneumonia 肺炎支原體肺炎mycoplasma pneumoniae 肺炎支原體chlamydia pneumonia 肺炎衣原體肺炎chlamydia pneumoniae 肺炎衣原體viral pneumonia 病毒性肺

3、炎severe acute respiratory syndrome ,sars 嚴(yán)重急性呼吸綜合征sars-associated coronavirus,sars-cov sars冠狀病毒pulmonary candidiasis 肺念珠菌病pulmonary aspergillosis 肺曲霉病invasive pulmonary aspergillosis 侵襲性肺曲霉病halo sign 暈輪征crescent sign 新月體征aspergilloma 曲霉腫allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis ,abpa 變應(yīng)性支氣管肺曲霉病pulmona

4、ry cryptococcosis 肺隱球菌病pneumocystis 肺孢子菌pneumocystis carinii pneumonia ,pc 卡氏肺囊蟲(chóng)肺炎lung abscess 肺膿腫bronchiectasis 支氣管擴(kuò)張癥pulmonary tuberculosis 肺結(jié)核purified protein derivative,ppd 純蛋白衍化物isoniazid,inh,h 異煙肼rifampicin,rfp,r 利福平rifapentine,rft 利福噴丁pyrazinatnide,pza,z 吡嗪酰胺ethambutol,emb,e 乙胺丁醇streptomycin,

5、sm,s 鏈霉素multidrug resistant tuberculosis ,mdr-tb 耐多藥結(jié)核病extensive drug resistant or extreme drug resistant xdr-tb 超級(jí)耐多藥結(jié)核病chronic bronchitis 慢性支氣管炎aminophyllin 氨茶堿chronic obstructive pulmonary disease copdbronchial asthma 哮喘bronchial provocation test ,bpt 支氣管激發(fā)試驗(yàn)bronchial dilation ,bdt 支氣管舒張?jiān)囼?yàn)pulmona

6、ry thromboembolism,pte 肺血栓栓塞癥pulmonary embolism ,pe 肺栓塞deep venous thrombosis,dvt 深靜脈血栓形成d-dimer d 二聚體pulmonary hypertension ,ph 肺動(dòng)脈高壓cor pulmonale 肺源性心臟病chronic pulmonary heart disease 慢性肺源性心臟病allergic granulomatosis 過(guò)敏性肉芽腫病interstitial lung disease,ild 間質(zhì)性肺疾病diffuse parenchymal lung disease ,dpld

7、彌慢性實(shí)質(zhì)性肺疾病idiopathic interstitial pneumonia ，iip 特發(fā)性間質(zhì)性肺炎idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis ，ipf 特發(fā)性肺纖維化pulmonary alveolar proteinosis ，pap 肺泡蛋白質(zhì)沉積癥non-specific interstitial pneumonia ， nsip 非特異性間質(zhì)性肺炎chronic eosinophilic pneumonia 慢性嗜酸性粒細(xì)胞性肺炎idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis 特發(fā)性肺含鐵血黃素沉著癥extrinsic allergi

8、c alveolitis 外源性過(guò)敏性肺泡炎sarcoidosis 結(jié)節(jié)病granuloma-inciting factor 肉芽腫激發(fā)因子fibroblasts growth factory ，fgf 成纖維細(xì)胞生長(zhǎng)因子parapneumonic diffusions 類(lèi)肺炎性胸腔積液pneumothorax 氣胸pleural bleb 胸膜下肺大皰emphysematous bulla 肺大皰primary bronchogenic carcinoma 原發(fā)性支氣管癌paraneoplastic syndrome 副癌綜合癥hypertrophic pulmonaryosteoarthr

9、opathy 肥大性肺性骨關(guān)節(jié)病transbronchial lung biopsy 經(jīng)支氣管鏡肺活檢sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome 睡眠呼吸暫停綜合癥polysomnography psg 多導(dǎo)睡眠圖nasal-continuous positive airway pressure cpap 經(jīng)鼻持續(xù)氣道內(nèi)正壓通氣bilevel positive airway pressure bipap 雙水平氣道內(nèi)正壓uvulopalatopharyngoplasty uppp 顎垂軟腭咽成形術(shù)hypoventilation 通氣不足diffusion abnormality

10、 彌散障礙ventilation-perfusion mismatch 通氣 /血流比例失調(diào)functional shunt 功能性分流dead space-like ventilation 死腔樣通氣pulmonary encephalopathy 肺性腦病carbon didioxide narxosis co2 麻醉dyspnea 呼吸困難cheyne-stokes respiration潮式呼吸arterial blood gas analysis 動(dòng)脈血?dú)夥治鰊on-invasive positive pressure ventilation nippv無(wú)創(chuàng)正壓通氣recruitme

11、nt maneuver 肺復(fù)張法sepsis 感染中毒癥hypovolemic shock 低血容量性休克cardiogenic shock 心源性休克distributive shock 分布性休克obstructive shock 梗阻性休克cardiac dysfunction 心功能不全angiotensin 2 血管緊張素atrial natriuretic peptide ，anp and brain natriuretic peptide ，bnp 心鈉肽和腦鈉肽arginine vasopressin ，avp 精氨酸加壓素endothelin 內(nèi)皮素cardiac arrhy

12、thmia 心律失常after depolarization 后除極sinus node recovery time，snrt 竇房結(jié)恢復(fù)時(shí)間sinoatrial conduction time ，sact 竇房結(jié)傳導(dǎo)時(shí)間sinus tachycardia 竇性心動(dòng)過(guò)速sinus bradycardia 竇性心動(dòng)過(guò)緩sinus pause or sinus arrest 竇性停搏或竇性靜止sinoatrial block ，sab 竇房阻滯sick sinus syndrome ， sss ，病態(tài)竇房結(jié)綜合癥atrial premature beats 房性期前收縮atrial flutter

13、 心房撲動(dòng)atrial fibrillation 房顫premature atrioventricular junctional beats 房室交界區(qū)性期前收縮av junctional escape beats 房室交界區(qū)性異搏paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia ，psvt 陣發(fā)性室上性心動(dòng)過(guò)速preexcitation syndrome 預(yù)激綜合征premature ventricular beats 室性期前收縮ventricular tachycardia 室速torsades de pointes 尖端扭轉(zhuǎn)ventricular flut

14、ter and ventricular fibrillation 心室撲動(dòng)與顫動(dòng)atrioventricular block 房室傳導(dǎo)阻滯intraventricular block 室內(nèi)傳導(dǎo)阻滯right bundle branch block ，rbbb 右束支阻滯radiofrequency energy 射頻電能cardiac arrest 心臟驟停cardiopulmonary resuscitation ，cpr 心肺復(fù)蘇congenital cardiovascular disease 先天性心血管病atrial septal defect ，asd 房間隔缺損ventricul

15、ar septal defect ,vsd室間隔缺損patent ductus arteriosus ，pda 動(dòng)脈導(dǎo)管未閉congenital bicuspid aortic valve 先天性二葉主動(dòng)脈瓣congenital coarctation of the aorta 先天性主動(dòng)脈瓣縮窄congenital pulmonary valve stenosis 先天性肺動(dòng)脈瓣狹窄congenital aortic sinus aneurysm 先天性主動(dòng)脈竇動(dòng)脈瘤congenital tetralogy of fallot 先天性法洛四聯(lián)癥insulin resistance 胰島素抵抗

16、sodium nitroprusside 硝普鈉nitroglycerin 硝酸甘油atherosclerosis 動(dòng)脈粥樣硬化low density lipoprotein ，ldl 低密度脂蛋白coronary atherosclerotic heart disease 冠狀動(dòng)脈粥樣硬化性心臟病ischemic heart disease 缺血性心臟病acute coronary syndrome acs 急性冠脈綜合征stable angina pectoris 穩(wěn)定型心絞痛myocardial infarction ，mi 心肌梗死cardiac aneurysm 心室壁瘤ischem

17、ic cardiomyopathy 缺血性心肌病valvular heart disease 心臟瓣膜病rheumatic heart disease 風(fēng)濕性心臟病mitral stenosis 二尖瓣狹窄mitral incompetence 二尖瓣關(guān)閉不全aortic stenosis 主動(dòng)脈瓣狹窄aortic incompetence 主動(dòng)脈瓣關(guān)閉不全tricuspid stenosis 三尖瓣狹窄tricuspid incompetence 三尖瓣關(guān)閉不全pulmonary stenosis 肺動(dòng)脈瓣狹窄infective endocarditis ，ie 感染性心內(nèi)膜炎dilated

18、 cardiomyopathy ，dcm 擴(kuò)張型心肌病hypertrophic cardiomyopathy ，hcm 肥厚型心肌病restrictive cardiomyopathy ，rcm 限制型心肌病myocarditis 心肌炎acute pericarditis 急性心包炎aortic dissection 主動(dòng)脈夾層intermittent claudication 間歇性跛行cardiovascular neurosis 心臟神經(jīng)癥helicopter pylori ，h. pylori 幽門(mén)螺旋桿菌gastroesophageal reflux disease 胃食管反流病l

19、ower esophageal sphincter 食管下括約肌h2 receptor antagonist h2ra h2 受體拮抗劑proton pump inhibitor ppi質(zhì)子泵抑制劑gastritis 胃炎gastropathy 胃病acute erosive hemorrhagic gastritis 急性糜爛出血性胃炎non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug ，nsaid 非甾體抗炎藥atrophic gastritis 萎縮性胃炎acute purulent gastritis 急性化膿性胃炎peptic ulcer 消化性潰瘍gastri

20、c ulcer gu 胃潰瘍duodenal ulcer du 十二指腸潰瘍gastric carcinoma 胃癌endoscopic ultrasonography 超聲內(nèi)鏡intestinal tuberculosis 腸結(jié)核tuberculous peritonitis 結(jié)核性腹膜炎inflammatory bowel disease ibd 炎癥性腸病ulcerative colitis 潰瘍性結(jié)腸炎crohn s diseasecd克羅恩病toxic megacolon 中毒性巨結(jié)腸budesonine 布地奈德cyclosorine 環(huán)孢素colorectal carcinoma

21、 直腸癌functional gastrointestinal disorder 功能性胃腸病functional dyspepsia 功能性消化不良irritable syndrome 腸易激綜合癥chronic diarrhea 慢性腹瀉fatty liver disease 脂肪性肝病alcoholic fatty liver酒精性脂肪肝autoimmune hepatitis 自身免疫性肝病primary biliary cirrhosis 原發(fā)性膽汁性肝硬化hepatic cirrhosis 肝硬化portal hyertension 門(mén)靜脈高壓spontaneous bacteri

22、al peritonitis 自發(fā)性細(xì)菌性腹膜炎hepatorenal syndrome hrs 肝腎綜合癥hepatopulmonary syndrome hps 肝肺綜合癥alpha fetoprotein ， afp 甲胎蛋白porto-systemic encephalpathy，pse 門(mén)體分流性腦病glomerular basement membrane ，gbm 腎小球基底膜acute golmerulonephritis 急性腎小球腎炎rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis 急進(jìn)性腎小球腎炎chronic golmerulonephriti

23、s 慢性腎小球腎炎asymptomatic hematuria and/or proteinuria 無(wú)癥狀性血尿或（和）蛋白尿（隱匿性腎小球腎炎nephritic syndrome 腎病綜合征minor golmerular abnormalities 輕微性腎小球病變focal segmental lesions 局灶性節(jié)段性病變focal glomerulonephritis 局灶性腎小球腎炎diffuse golmerulonephritis 彌滿(mǎn)性腎小球腎炎membranous nephropathy 膜性腎病mesangial proliferative golmeruloneph

24、ritis 系膜增生性腎小球腎炎endocapillary proliferative golmerulonephritis 毛細(xì)血管內(nèi)增生性腎小球腎炎mesangiocapillary glomerulonephritis 系膜毛細(xì)血管性腎小球腎炎crescentic and necrotizing golmerulonephritis 新月體性和壞死性腎小球腎炎sclerosing glomerulonephritis 硬化性腎小球腎炎iga nephropathy iga 腎病acute interstitial nephritis ，ain 急性間質(zhì)性腎炎u(yù)rinary tract i

25、nfection ，uti 尿路感染intravenous pyelography ，ivp 靜脈腎盂造影renal artery stenosis 腎動(dòng)脈狹窄renal vascular hypertension 腎血管性高血壓hypertensive nephrosclerosis 高血壓腎硬化癥benign arteriolar nephrosclerosis 良性小動(dòng)脈性腎硬化癥malignant arteriolar nephrosclerosis 惡性小動(dòng)脈性腎硬化癥acute renal failure ， arf 急性腎衰竭acute tubular necrosis ，atn

26、 急性腎小管壞死uremic toxins 尿毒癥毒素stem cell 干細(xì)胞totipotent 全能的fertilized egg 受精卵hematology 血液病學(xué)anemia 貧血aplastic anemia 再生障礙性貧血iron deficient anemia 缺鐵性貧血megaloblstic anemia ma 巨幼細(xì)胞貧血hemolytic anemia 溶血性貧血paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria 陣發(fā)性睡眠性血紅蛋白尿leukopenia 白細(xì)胞減少neutropenia 中性粒細(xì)胞減少agranulocytosis 粒細(xì)胞缺乏

27、癥myelodysplastic syndroms 骨髓增生異常綜合癥acute lymphoblastic leukemia急性淋巴細(xì)胞性白血病acute myetoid leukemia 急性白血病lymphoma 淋巴瘤hodgkin lymphoma 霍奇金淋巴瘤malignant lymphoma 惡性淋巴瘤multiple myeloma 多發(fā)性骨髓瘤hypersplenism 脾功能亢進(jìn)allergic purpura 過(guò)敏性紫癜idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura itp特發(fā)性血小板減少性紫癜hemolytic uremic syndrome

28、溶血尿毒綜合癥hemophilia 血友病dissenminated intravascular coagulation 彌散性血管內(nèi)凝血thromboembolism 血栓栓塞gigantism 巨人癥acromegaly 肢端肥大癥growth hormone deficiency dwarfism ， ghd 生長(zhǎng)激素缺乏性侏儒癥pituitary dwarfism 垂體性侏儒癥diabetes insipidus ,di 尿崩癥syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion ，siadh 抗利尿激素分泌失調(diào)綜合癥simp

29、le goiter 單純性甲狀腺腫nontoxic goiter 非毒性甲狀腺腫endemic goiter 地方性甲狀腺腫iodine deficiency disorders ， idd 碘缺乏病thyrotoxicosis 甲狀腺毒癥hyperthyroidism 甲亢thyroid crisis 甲狀腺危象apathetic hyperthyroidism 淡漠型甲亢hypothyroidism 甲狀腺功能減退癥primary hypothyroidism 原發(fā)性甲減subacute thyroiditis 亞急性甲狀腺炎autoimmune thyroiditis ，ait 自身免疫甲狀腺炎hashimoto thyroiditis ，ht 橋本甲狀腺炎thyroid nodule 甲狀腺結(jié)節(jié)primary aldosteronism 原發(fā)性醛固酮增多癥chronic adrenocortical hypofunction 原發(fā)性慢性腎上腺皮質(zhì)功能減退癥pheochromocytoma 嗜鉻細(xì)胞瘤hyperparathyroidism 甲旁亢hypoparathyroidism 甲旁減multiple endocrine neoplasia ，men 多發(fā)性?xún)?nèi)分泌腺瘤病diabetes melli