自考國際商務(wù)英語考試必備,自己整理

1、英譯漢1.Domestic business國內(nèi)商務(wù) 2.economic globalization經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化 3.host country東道國 intellectual 4.property知識產(chǎn)權(quán) 5.non-tariff barriers非關(guān)稅壁壘 6.national product國民產(chǎn)值 7.per capita GDP人均國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值8.Durable equipment耐用設(shè)備9.Staple goods大路貨10.Creditor country債權(quán)國11.Customs union關(guān)稅同盟12.Dual-Ministerial meetings 雙部長會議13.Euro

2、pean Commission歐盟委員會14.Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries(OPEC)石油輸出國組織15.North American Free Trade Agreement(NAFTA)北美自由貿(mào)易協(xié)定16.Board of directors董事會17.day to day running日常管理18.the parent MNE 多國公司目公司19.national economic welfare國家經(jīng)濟(jì)利益20.the legal jurisdiction法律經(jīng)管范圍21.self-sufficient 自給自足的22.

3、farm produce農(nóng)農(nóng)品23.the endowments of nature自然稟賦24.perfect competition完全競爭25.output per many-year of labour人均年產(chǎn)量26.production capability生產(chǎn)能力27.consumption preference消費(fèi)偏好28.cost advantage成本優(yōu)勢29.Large-scale production大規(guī)模生產(chǎn)30.tariff barrier關(guān)稅壁壘31.International Chamber of Commerce國際商會32.customs clearance結(jié)

4、關(guān)33.EDI電子數(shù)據(jù)交換34.Incoterms國際貿(mào)易術(shù)語解釋通則35.destination port目的港36.binding obligation有約束力的義務(wù)37.international trunk call國際長途38.the business line業(yè)務(wù)范圍39.force majeure不可抗力40.cross-border contract進(jìn)出口合同41.clearing system清算系統(tǒng)42.leverage杠桿作用43.trade credit account貿(mào)易信貸往來賬戶44.centrally planned economy中央計劃經(jīng)濟(jì)45.financ

5、ial status財務(wù)狀況46.to open account開立賬戶47.Consignment transaction寄售交易48.a usance draft遠(yuǎn)期匯票49.documentary collection跟單托收50.impeccable documents正確無誤單據(jù)51.correspondent bank往來行52.confirming bank保兌行53.transportation clause運(yùn)輸條款54.clean credit即期信用證55.deferred payment credit不可轉(zhuǎn)讓信用證56.freight prepaid運(yùn)費(fèi)預(yù)付57.prep

6、are documents繕制單據(jù)58.consignor托運(yùn)人59.consular invoice領(lǐng)事發(fā)票60.notify party被通知人61.contract carriers契約承運(yùn)人62.intermediate product半成品63.ultimate consumers最終消費(fèi)者64.natural product province產(chǎn)品自然領(lǐng)域65.time lag時差66.claim on goods對貨物的索賠67.premium保險費(fèi)68.insurer承保人69.insurable interest可保利益70.settlement of a claim理賠71.

7、freight forwarder貨運(yùn)代理行72.utmost good faith最大誠信原則73.valued policies有價保單74.exchange rate買入價75.balance of payment收支平衡76.direct quote直接標(biāo)價77.buying rate買入價78.financial policies金融政策79.financial policies資金80.retained capital預(yù)留資金81.grace period優(yōu)惠期82.a specialized mandate特殊使命83.direct investment直接投資84.tax ho

8、liday免稅期85.greenfield strategy綠地戰(zhàn)略86.customer mobility客戶流動87.investment return投資回報88.start from scratch政府債券89.market maker股票經(jīng)營商90.standing committee常務(wù)委員會91.underlying securities基礎(chǔ)證券92.global trade rules世界貿(mào)易規(guī)則93.the reciprocal tariff concession list互惠關(guān)稅減讓表94.a uniform tariff system統(tǒng)一關(guān)稅體系95.the non-di

9、scrimination principle非歧視原則96.escape clause豁免條款97.a new economic order新經(jīng)濟(jì)秩序98.trade concession貿(mào)易減讓99.Special Drawing Rights特別提款權(quán)100.maturity 到期日101.certificate of deposit 大額102. cartel 卡特爾漢譯英1.國際商務(wù)international business2.無形貿(mào)易invisible trade3.國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值gross domestic products4.證券投資portfolio investment5.交

10、鑰匙工程turnkey project6.國民生產(chǎn)總值Gross National product（GNP）7.收入分配income distribution8.經(jīng)濟(jì)合作與發(fā)展組織the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development9.基礎(chǔ)儲備infrastructure10.外匯儲備foreign currency reserves11.區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)一體化regional economic integration12.自由貿(mào)易區(qū)free trade area13.歐盟European Union14.亞太經(jīng)合組織Asia Pacifi

11、c Economic Cooperation(APEC) 16.部長理事會Council of Ministers17.經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化Economic Globalization18.跨國企業(yè)multinational economic environment 19.生產(chǎn)設(shè)施manufacturing facilities20.自然資源分配the distribution of nature resources21.初級產(chǎn)品the primary commodities22.比較優(yōu)勢論the theory of comparative advantage23.互利貿(mào)易the mutual bene

12、ficial trade24.資源儲備 the reserves of natural resources25.技術(shù)創(chuàng)新technology innovation26.貿(mào)易方式patterns of trade27.關(guān)稅區(qū)customs area28.自動出口限制voluntary export restraint29.名勝古跡places of historical interest30.貿(mào)易條款trade terms31.修改信用證amendment to the letter of credit32.集裝箱運(yùn)輸container transport33.運(yùn)費(fèi)付至CPT34.報價quota

13、tion35.有效期the validity period36.付款方式modeOf payment37.仲裁arbitration38.對銷貿(mào)易cunter trade39.實(shí)際頭寸net positions40.雙邊協(xié)議bilateral agreement41.易貨貿(mào)易barter42.垂直合并，縱向組合vertical combination43.匯率浮動變化exchange rate fluctuation44.資信狀況credit standing45.分期付款payment by installments46.即期匯票sight draft47.付款交單document agai

14、nst payment（D/P）48.商業(yè)信用證commercial letter of credit49.開證行the opening bank50.受益人the beneficiary51.統(tǒng)一慣例the uniform customs and practice52.循環(huán)信用證revolving credit53.保兌信用證confirmed credit54.遠(yuǎn)期信用證usance credit 55.票面價值face value56.資金周轉(zhuǎn)capital turnover57.空運(yùn)提單airway bill58.產(chǎn)地證書certificate of origin59.運(yùn)輸標(biāo)記ship

15、ping marks60.裝運(yùn)港port of shipment61.原始的生產(chǎn)方式primitive mode of production62.競爭機(jī)制competition system63.運(yùn)輸體系transportation system64.公共承運(yùn)人common carriers65.保證金margin66.股票投資investment in stocks67.貨物保險cargo insurance68.外匯儲備foreign exchange services69.共同基金the common pool70.代位追償subrogation71.近因原則the doctrine o

16、f proximate cause72.預(yù)約保單open policy73.平安險F.P.A74.水漬險W.P.A75.金本位制gold standard76.平價par value77.布雷頓森會議the Bretton Woods Conference78.間接標(biāo)價indirect quote79.儲備貨幣reserve currency80.世界資本市場World capital market81.借貸成本the cost of borrowing82.產(chǎn)權(quán)(股票)投資equity investment83.經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整economic restructuring84.合資公司joint

17、 venture85.并購acquisition86.生物遺傳學(xué)biogenetics87.自動出口限制Voluntary Export Restriction（VER）88.證券交易所the Stock Exchange Market89.普通股ordinary share90.補(bǔ)償基金compensation fund91.金邊債券gilt92.期權(quán)option93.協(xié)商機(jī)制a consultative mechanism94.雙邊談判bilateral negotiation95.簽約國the signatory countries96.充分就業(yè)full employment97.多邊貿(mào)

18、易體制multilateral trade system98.國際組織international organizations99.技術(shù)轉(zhuǎn)讓technology transfer100.商品協(xié)議commodity agreement101.國際貨幣體系international monetary system102.優(yōu)惠關(guān)稅preferential（customs）tariff103.承包生產(chǎn)Contract manufacturing104. tariff rates關(guān)稅率105. settlement 協(xié)議106.Shareholders股東 107.board of directors董事

19、會 108.parent company母公司 109.affiliate子公司 110.day-to-day running日常管理 101.multinational corporation跨國公司 102.home country母公司所在國 103.host country東道國術(shù)語解釋1.affiliate MNC: a MNC which is associated or controlled by its parent MNC without losing its own identity.2.Absolute advantage: an advantage possessed

20、by a country engaged in international trade when, using a given resource input, it is able to produce more output than other countries possessing the same resource input.3.Arbitration: the setting of a dispute by means of a neutral third party rather than by a court of law.4.A correspondent bank: a

21、bank which acts as an agent for another bank.5.All risks: extensive insurance coverage of cargo, including coverage due to external causes such as fire, collision, pilferage etc., but usually excluding ”special” risk such as those resulting from acts of war, labor strikes and the perishing of good,

22、and from internal damage due to faulty packaging, decay or loss of market.Buyback: an agreement by an export of plant and equipment to take back in the future part of the output produced by these goods as full or partial payment. Bill of exchange: a signed document that orders a person or an organiz

23、ation, such as a bank, to pay a fixed sum of money on demand or on a certain date to the person specified.Capital: the contribution to productive activity made by investment in physical capital and in human capital.Customs clearance: the formalities necessary to satisfy the customs officers before t

24、hey will allow goods to the cleared from customs for dispatch or delay elsewhere.Banknotes circulation: movement of the printed paper money issued by a bank, usually the countrys central bank. Contract: a legally binding agreement made between two or more people.Clause: part of a legal document that

25、 deals with a particular item or condition in it.Confirmed credit: a letter of credit to which a number of other document such as shipping documents have been joined by the exporter to obtain payment from the bank.Commission: the amount paid to an agent, which may be an individual, a broker, or a fi

26、nancial institution, for consummating a transaction involving sale or purchase of assets or services.Commercial invoice: a document identifying numbers such as invoice number, date, shipping date, mode of transport, delivery and payment terms, and a complete listing and description of the goods or s

27、ervices being sold including prices, discounts and quantities.Common pool: a fund contributed by all insured parties in the name of premium against certain risk, out of which the claims if those suffering losses are paid.capital infrastructure: the basic physical requirements, without which the indu

28、stry cannot function effectively, water and electricity installations, qualified and killed professionals in technology and administration.Capital market: markets where corporations and governments sell securities to investors in order to raise funds for long or short periods.Consumerism: considerab

29、le desire to make purchase for consumption.Distributor: a person who sends goods from those who produce them to them to those who use them.Documents against acceptance(D/A): documents are handed over to the importer upon his acceptance of the bill of exchange drawn by the importer upon his acceptanc

30、e of the bill of exchange drawn by the exporter. Payment will be paid on a later date.Documentary credit: a letter of credit to which a number of other documents such as shipping documents have been joined by the exporter to obtain payment from the bank.Devaluation: the act of a government in reduci

31、ng by law the exchange value of its currency in units of gold or as compared with other currencies.Envisage: picture in the mind as a future possibility; imagineEconomic of scale: the long-run reduction in average costs that occurs as the scale of the firms output is increased./the reduction in unit

32、 cost and increase in profit obtained when goods are produced in large quantities.EDI: an electronic system that sends specially-prepared document direct from the computer of one company to that of another, so avoiding delays and improving services to customers.Equity investment :a type of investmen

33、t by buying the ordinary shares of a company.Exchange rate: the ratio between one currency unit and the number of units of another currency at which it is possible to exchange the two at a given time.Economic integration: economic integration is a term used to describe how different aspects between

34、economic are integrated. As economic integration increase, the barriers of trade between markets diminishes. The most integration economy today, between independent nations, is the European Union and its euro zone. FOB: in foreign trade contracts, the sellers delivers the goods on board the ship nam

35、ed by the buyer at the named port of shipment. From that point, all charges and risks have to be borne by the buyer.Fair trade: in international trade, the principle that maintains that there should only be free trade with those countries which themselves extend free trade.Full employment: an econom

36、ic situation in which all persons physically and mentally capable of doing some kind of work, can find employment.Gold reserves: the stock of gold coin and bullion held by a note-issuing bank in country on the gold standard.GNP: refers to the market value of goods and services produced by the proper

37、ty and labor owned by the residents of an economyGDP: refers to the market value of all goods and services produced within the geographic area of an economy.Host country: in international trade, the country in which a multinational corporation is active, but which is not the home country of that cor

38、poration.Hyperinflation: an extreme form of inflation; the situation that exists in a Economy when the money supply is being increased very rapidly, resulting in an increase of over 20%in the annual growth of the money supply or of the price level.Infrastructure: large-scale public services, such as

39、 water and power supplies, road, rail and radio communication, etc. needed to support economic activity, esp. industry, trade and commerce.Integration: combine into a whole. Inflation: a general rise in prices within an economy, accompanied by a reduction of the value of money.International trade: t

40、he exchange of goods and services between countries through exports and imports.Irrevocable credit: a letter of credit to which the paying bank has added its guarantee that payment will be made against presentation of certain documents.Intermediate products: goods that enter into the production of o

41、ther goods. In the manufacturing process, goods and materials pass through various states of production, frequently requiring transfer from one plant to another or sale by one firm to another.Indemnity: a basic idea in all branches of insurance that the insured should be in the same position after a

42、 loss as he as be was before it, i.e. neither richer nor poorer as a result of loss.Intellectual property: certain non-tangible assets held, principally covering the areas of patent protection, registered trade marks and designs, and copy right.Joint venture: a commercial undertaking by two or more

43、people, differing from a partnership in that it relates to the disposition of a single lot of goods or the termination of a specific project.just-in-time inventory: making or ordering only just enough parts or materials for the factorys immediate needs, so avoiding the expense of keeping stocks.Libe

44、ralize: of trade, the act of government in lifting control over import and exports.Letter of credit: A written instruction by a bank or some other financial institution. To its agent or another bank, either local or aboard, to lend the bearer of the letter certain sums of money for a fixed period of

45、 time.Loan: a commercial transaction between two legal entities whereby one party, known as lender agrees to put at the disposal of another known as a borrower certain property, usually money , for its temporary use, with am understanding by both parties that the property will be returned.Money circ

46、ulation: money in the hands of the public and being used to pa for goods and services.Most-favored nation clause: an understanding principle of the WTO whereby each country undertakes to apply the same rate of tariff to all its trade partners.Negotiable transport document: transport document can be

47、transferred from one person to another by endorsement.Non-tariff barriers: all public regulations and government practices that introduce unequal treatment for domestic and foreign goods of the same or similar production.North American free trade agreement(NAFTA北美自由貿(mào)易協(xié)定):NAFTA is a trade agreement b

48、etween Canada, Mexico, the united states, which entered into force on january1,1994. It was preceded in 1988 by a trade agreement covering Canada and the U.S.the Canada U.S. free trade agreement, which served as a negotiating framework for the expanded agreement. Option: a contractual agreement betw

49、een a buyer and a seller to buy or sell a particular security commodity or currency at a specific price within a pre-determined period of time.Partnership: a contractual relationship undertaking by two or more people, differing from a partnership in that it relates to the disposition of a single lot

50、 of goods or the termination of a specific project.PPP: purchasing power parity.Protectionism: the deliberate use or encouragement of restrictions on imports to enable relatively inefficient domestic producers to compete successfully with foreign producers.Productivity: the relation between the outp

51、ut or amount produced in a given period and one unit of the factors of production employed in producing that output.Preferential customs tariff: a lower (or zero) tariff on a product from one country than is applied to imports from most countries. This violation of the MFN principle is permitted in

52、special cases.Per capita income: It is calculated by dividing its national income by its populationQuota: a limit placed by a government on the amount of imports or commodity.Revenue: the money received by a firm from selling its output of goods or services or money earned by government from taxatio

53、n.Reserves: in a business, amount set aside from profits to meet contingencies or for future investment.Specialization: to restrict ones economic activities to certain particular field.Subrogation: the legal right of an insurer to receive any money obtained by the insured as a result of his making u

54、se of his rights against third parties; this reduces the cost of the loss to the insurer and prevents the insured from obtaining more than his full indemnity.Stock exchange: a markets where stocks and shares are bought and sold under fixed rules, but at princes controlled by supply and demand.Settle

55、ment: a payment of money claimed.Tariff: a form of tax that occurs as the scale of the firms output is increased./the reduction in unit cost and increase in profit obtained when goods are produced in large quantities.Terms of payment: the terms agree upon between a sellers and a buyer regarding a tr

56、ansaction with respect to the mode and time-table of payment.Trade fair: a big exhibition where manufactures and sellers and a similar or related products display their goods, meet customers and each other.Transfer of technology: a complicated aspect of international business. Technology can be divi

57、ded into two types: non-tacit and tacit. It can be transferred through various modes, either export of products and goods or though service. The most important feature of technology transfer is it is a transfer of the right to use, not the right to ownership.Terms of trade: a measure of the trading success of a country by comparing the prices of its imports with the prices of its exports.Triad and Quad: A. United States B. Western Europe C. Japan D. CanadaW.P.A: a wider coverage than the F.P.A. partial loss of or damage to the insured goods