《中考英語(yǔ)總復(fù)習(xí)》08-晨讀暮省-2021年中考英語(yǔ)考綱核心詞匯50天通關(guān)之拓展讀練測(cè)

1、08晨讀暮省-2021年中考英語(yǔ)考綱核心詞匯50天通關(guān)之拓展讀練測(cè)（一）詞匯晨讀入心1. edgen.邊緣關(guān)聯(lián)詞組：on the edge of在的邊緣 熟詞僻義：edge還可以用來(lái)表示“優(yōu)勢(shì)”，例如：competitive edge競(jìng)爭(zhēng)優(yōu)勢(shì)；常用于have an edge over的結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“略勝一籌，比更有優(yōu)勢(shì)”：you have an edge over your competitors.你們比競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手有優(yōu)勢(shì)。同義詞：advantage n.優(yōu)點(diǎn)，優(yōu)勢(shì)（2019，浙江卷，閱讀b）to avoid accidents, some trampolines have 8 safety net

2、 around them. remember: whenever you are on a trampoline, be careful not to jump near the edge of it.2. educationn.教育，培養(yǎng) 關(guān)聯(lián)詞組：physical education=p.e.體育課，體育教育；higher education高等教育詞性轉(zhuǎn)換：educate v.教育，培養(yǎng)；educated adj.受過(guò)教育的，有教養(yǎng)的（2019，湖北卷，閱讀b）70. what would the writer probably talk about in the following p

3、aragraph?a. advice on how to sleep well. b. ways of changing kids education.c. the importance of sleeping well. d. measures parents and schools should take3. effortn.努力，艱難的嘗試表示“作出努力”，通常用make an effort這樣的形式，其中an可換成another/one more，every等；如果中間不使用限定詞，則effort需用復(fù)數(shù)，即make efforts：you must make efforts to a

4、chieve your dream.你必須好好努力實(shí)現(xiàn)你的夢(mèng)想。表示做某事的努力，通常在effort后面接to do結(jié)構(gòu)：he made every effort to get it.他竭盡全力得到它。更多短語(yǔ)：spare no effort不遺余力；without effort毫不費(fèi)力（2019，北京卷，閱讀d）when there were no computers, efforts were required to get knowledge from other people, or go to the library4. electricadj.電的，帶電的，用電的electric和

5、electrical的區(qū)別：electric指“電的，帶電的，用電的”，被修飾的物體本身可帶電，如electric guitar電吉他electrical指“與電有關(guān)的，電氣科學(xué)的”，被修飾的對(duì)象本身不帶電，如electrical engineer電氣工程師關(guān)聯(lián)詞組：electric car電車(chē)；electric power電功率，電源；electric system電力系統(tǒng)；electric energy電能 詞性轉(zhuǎn)換：electricity n.電，電流（2019，山東卷，閱讀c）wind makes windmills spin (旋轉(zhuǎn)). when the windmills spin

6、, they make electricity. then we can use the electricity.5. encouragev.鼓勵(lì)用法：encourage sb. to do sth.鼓勵(lì)某人做某事詞性轉(zhuǎn)換：courage n.勇氣；encouragement n.鼓勵(lì)；encouraging adj.鼓舞人心的 反義詞：discourage v.阻止，使氣餒（2019，北京卷，閱讀b）that encouraged sally and she worked even harder.6. endn.末尾，終點(diǎn)，結(jié)束；v.結(jié)束，終止名詞詞組：in the end=at last=

7、finally最后，終于；at the end of在盡頭；在結(jié)束時(shí)；from beginning to end自始至終；put an end to sth.結(jié)束（終止）某事；sth. comes to an end某事結(jié)束了動(dòng)詞詞組：end in sth.以為結(jié)尾；以為結(jié)果；end up with/doing sth.最終成為，最后處于；以告終反義詞：start，begin v.開(kāi)始；beginning n.開(kāi)始，起初（2019，浙江卷，閱讀c）but the peace ended the day the british man's pig decided to eat some

8、of an american farmer's potatoes.7. energyn.能量，能源；精力關(guān)聯(lián)詞組：new energy新能源；clean energy清潔能源；save energy節(jié)約能源；full of energy充滿活力用法：put (all) sbs energies into sth.表示“把某人的（全部）精力投入到某事中”；常和time并列使用：she put all her energies into her work.她把全部精力都投入到工作中去了。（2019，北京卷，完形）i dont regret putting time and energy i

9、nto the election because ive learned that things arent always going the way i expect.8. enjoyv.享受，喜歡 enjoy oneself=have a good time=have fun玩的開(kāi)心，過(guò)的愉快；enjoy doing sth.=like doing sth.喜歡做某事，樂(lè)于做某事；注意enjoy后面不接動(dòng)詞不定式；通常enjoy為及物動(dòng)詞，后面要接賓語(yǔ)。例外是在口語(yǔ)中可以說(shuō)“enjoy!”，表示請(qǐng)對(duì)方好好享受（用）。詞性轉(zhuǎn)換：enjoyment n.享受，樂(lè)趣；enjoyable adj.

10、令人愉快的（2019，浙江卷，單項(xiàng)填空）2.- sir, did you enjoy your stay in our_?- yes, i slept well and i like the breakfast.a. hotelb. schoolc. factoryd. company9. enoughadj.足夠的，充分的；adv.足夠地，充分地作形容詞：可作為限定詞修飾名詞，要么修飾不可數(shù)名詞，要么修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)；常用句式有：enough+名詞+for或者enough+名詞+(for sb.) to do sth.：there is enough food for all people.

11、有足夠多的食物給所有人吃。i have enough time to finish the job.我有充足的時(shí)間來(lái)完成這項(xiàng)工作。作副詞：enough要放在被修飾的形容詞/副詞之后；常用句式有：形容詞/副詞+enough+(for sb.) to do sth.：this article is not easy enough for you to understand.這篇文章對(duì)你們來(lái)說(shuō)太難理解了。（2019，山東卷，詞性轉(zhuǎn)換）62. the little boy said, "i am old enough to take good care of _."(my)10.

12、enterv.進(jìn)入；輸入，登記用法：enter后面可接賓語(yǔ)，也可不接；通常不用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；還可用在與計(jì)算機(jī)相關(guān)的語(yǔ)境，表示“輸入，登錄，登記”；enter for表示“報(bào)名參加（考試、比賽）”。詞性轉(zhuǎn)換：entrance n.進(jìn)入；入口：no entrance.禁止入內(nèi)；entrance exam入學(xué)考試同義詞：enter=go into=get into（2019，山東卷，閱讀d）the smallest plastic particles can enter the blood, the lymphatic （淋巴）system, and may even reach the liver (

13、肝臟)," said philipp schwabl, who took part in the research.11. environmentn.環(huán)境關(guān)聯(lián)詞組：natural environment自然環(huán)境；living/working/social environment生活/工作/社會(huì)環(huán)境；protect the environment保護(hù)環(huán)境詞性轉(zhuǎn)換：environmental adj.環(huán)境的：environmentally friendly環(huán)保的（2019，北京卷，閱讀c）one basic law of psychological time is that time s

14、eems to slow down when were exposed(接觸) to new environments and experiences.12. especiallyadv.特別，尤其especially在句中可修飾名詞、動(dòng)詞、形容詞、介詞短語(yǔ)等，一般放在被修飾詞的前面：it's very cold in winter, especially in beijing.冬天很冷，尤其是在北京。especially在句中還可用來(lái)修飾狀語(yǔ)從句：sunglasses are very useful especially when the sun is strong.太陽(yáng)鏡非常有用，

15、尤其是陽(yáng)光很強(qiáng)的時(shí)候。especially在邏輯上已有極限意義，故無(wú)比較等級(jí)。易混單詞：specially adv.特別地；特意，專(zhuān)門(mén)：he bought the flower specially for her.他特意為她買(mǎi)了鮮花。（2019，山東卷，閱讀表達(dá)）the audience found this announcement especially _13_ and started to throw even more money onto the stage.13. a. funnyb. luckyc. helpfuld. painful13. everyadj.每一，每個(gè)的用法：e

16、very表示“每個(gè)”，其后通常接可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，一般不接名詞復(fù)數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞。every和each的區(qū)別：every只能做形容詞，而且each還可以用作代詞，直接充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)或者賓語(yǔ)。二者均指“每個(gè)”，但every側(cè)重全體；而each側(cè)重各個(gè)個(gè)體，比較：i know every member of the class.全班的人我都認(rèn)識(shí)。（概括全體）i know each member of the class.這個(gè)班的每個(gè)人我都認(rèn)識(shí)。（“個(gè)別”意義更重。）every指三個(gè)或以上的“每個(gè)”，不能指兩者中的“每個(gè)”；each則可以，如：誤：there are trees on every side of

17、 the road.正：there are trees on each side of the road.關(guān)聯(lián)單詞：everybody/everyone pron.每人，人人；everyday adj.每日的，日常的；everything pron.每件事，事事；everywhere adv.到處（2019，北京卷，單項(xiàng)填空）7.sam with his friends every weekend.a. skatesb. is skatingc. has skatedd. was skating（2019，浙江卷，單項(xiàng)填空）7.the instructions tell us everythi

18、ng _ about how to make the model ship.a. by handb. by chancec. in detaild. in person14. examinev.檢查，調(diào)查近義詞：check v.檢查，核對(duì)詞性轉(zhuǎn)換：examination n.檢查，調(diào)查；（=exam）考試：final examination期末考試；examination paper考試卷；entrance examination入學(xué)考試；take an examination參加考試（2019，山東卷，閱讀b）the students took a science exam before t

19、he study. after the six-week study, they took another.15. examplen.例子，榜樣關(guān)聯(lián)詞組：for example例如；give an example舉例；takefor example以為例子；set an example (for)（為）樹(shù)立榜樣for example和such as的區(qū)別：for example是列舉整體之中的一個(gè)為例，常用作插入語(yǔ)，用逗號(hào)與主句隔開(kāi)，example之后也需要逗號(hào)；其位置常常在句首，也可以置于句中、句末。如：noise, for example, is a kind of pollution a

20、s well.噪音，打個(gè)比方，也是一種污染。such as用來(lái)列舉整體之中的部分同類(lèi)人或事物作為例子，一般用逗號(hào)和主句隔開(kāi)，但such as之后無(wú)逗號(hào)，直接跟名詞或名詞性短語(yǔ)。如：some classmates of mine, such as lucy, lily, jim are very generous.我的一些同學(xué)，如露西，李麗，吉姆都是很慷慨的人。（2019，北京卷，閱讀c）for example, on the way home, focus your attention outside of yourself, instead of thinking about the pro

21、blems you have to deal with.16. excitev.使興奮，使激動(dòng)用法：常用語(yǔ)be excited doing/to do sth.，或者be excited about/at，表示“興奮”、“激動(dòng)”的原因。詞性轉(zhuǎn)換：exciting adj.令人激動(dòng)的：通常是指某物令人興奮激動(dòng)，對(duì)應(yīng)副詞是excitinglyexcited adj.興奮的，激動(dòng)的：指的是某人感覺(jué)到興奮或激動(dòng)，對(duì)應(yīng)副詞是excitedlyexcitement n.興奮，刺激，令人興奮的事物（2019，山東卷，閱讀d）my grandmother is going to be 100 years ol

22、d in june. shes very excited because shes going to get a special letter from the queen.17. exercisev.鍛煉，運(yùn)動(dòng)；n.運(yùn)動(dòng)；練習(xí)；體操名詞exercise表示“鍛煉，運(yùn)動(dòng)”時(shí)，為不可數(shù)名詞：do/take exercise做運(yùn)動(dòng)/鍛煉身體名詞exercise表示“體操，練習(xí)”時(shí)，為可數(shù)名詞，常用復(fù)數(shù)形式：do morning/eye exercises做早操/眼保健操（2019，山東卷，單項(xiàng)填空）21. tennis can exercise all of our muscles (肌肉) .

23、and it requires _to spend time with others. this is good for our health too. a. ours b. us c. we18. expectv.期望；預(yù)料，預(yù)期用法：expect to do sth.期望做某事；expect sb./sth. to do sth.期望做某事expect+ that從句，或者常用作：it is expected that預(yù)計(jì)：it is expected that the weather will be good soon.估計(jì)天氣很快會(huì)好起來(lái)。詞性轉(zhuǎn)換：expectation n.期待，指

24、望；expected adj.預(yù)期的，預(yù)料的（副詞expectedly）：as expected不出所料，正如預(yù)期；unexpected adj.出乎意外的（副詞unexpectedly）（2019年，北京卷，完形）i dont regret putting time and energy into the election because ive learned that things arent always going the way i expect.19. expensiveadj.昂貴的，價(jià)格高的用法：expensive表示“貴”時(shí)，主要用于說(shuō)明具體的事物，而不能用來(lái)形容price

25、。試比較：誤：the price of the coat is too expensive.正：the price of the coat is too high.正：the coat is too expensive.詞性轉(zhuǎn)換：expensively adv.昂貴地；expense n.花費(fèi)，費(fèi)用近義詞：dear=costly=pricey反義詞：cheap=inexpensive adj.便宜的，廉價(jià)的； （2019年，浙江卷，閱讀b） 30. how can we do trampolining safely?a. buy an expensive trampoline.b. jump

26、in the center of a trampoline.c. choose a trampoline without a net.d. lose weight before starting trampolining.20. experiencen.經(jīng)驗(yàn)；經(jīng)歷；v.經(jīng)歷關(guān)聯(lián)詞組：by experience憑經(jīng)驗(yàn)；working experience工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)；rich experience豐富的經(jīng)驗(yàn)；past experience過(guò)去的經(jīng)驗(yàn) 用法：experience表示“經(jīng)驗(yàn)，體驗(yàn)”時(shí)，為不可數(shù)名詞：she had no experience of life at all.她毫無(wú)生活經(jīng)驗(yàn)。

27、experience表示“經(jīng)歷，閱歷”時(shí)，為可數(shù)名詞：tell us about your experiences in africa.給我們講講你在非洲的經(jīng)歷。（2019年，北京卷，閱讀a）it was a lifetime experience. i was able to experience chinese living and culture from basic tai chi to beijing opera.21.explainv.解釋?zhuān)f(shuō)明用法：常用句式為explain sth. to sb.向某人解釋某事；explain +that從句；explain后面也可以接反身代詞，

28、即explain oneself，表示“把自己的意思表達(dá)清楚”或“解釋自己的行為”。詞性轉(zhuǎn)換：explanation n.解釋?zhuān)f(shuō)明（注意：explain變名詞，并不是直接加-ation）（2019年，山東卷，完形）to show the respect, it may be _12_ to explain what the gift is.12. a. necessaryb. carefulc. comfortable22. expressv.表達(dá)，表述關(guān)聯(lián)詞組：express oneself表達(dá)自己的思想；express thanks to sb.向某人表達(dá)感謝熟詞僻義：n.快遞；快速：e

29、xpress way快車(chē)道，高速路；express train快速列車(chē)；by express通過(guò)快遞郵寄詞性轉(zhuǎn)換：expression n.表達(dá)；表情：facial expression面部表情；beyond expression無(wú)法表達(dá)，形容不出（2019年，浙江卷，閱讀b）21. why does the writer quote(引用) a story in paragraph 3?a. to explain africans like sweets.b. to show examples are not enough-c. to make the writer's opinio

30、n clearer.d. to express happiness is from children.（二）暮省練習(xí)鞏固一. 寫(xiě)出這些單詞的漢語(yǔ)意義。1. earth _ 2. either _ 3. electric _4. encourage_ 5. enter _ 6. environment _7. especially _8. european_ 9. even _10. everything_11. everywhere_12. excellent _13. except _ 14. experience _ 15. explain _二. 按要求寫(xiě)出下列詞匯的變化形式。1. en

31、courage _(寫(xiě)出名詞形式)2. especially _(寫(xiě)出形容詞形式)3. european _(寫(xiě)出名詞形式)4. excellent _(比較級(jí))_(最高級(jí))三. 根據(jù)句意，用所給詞匯的正確形式填空。1. he doesnt come from france. i dont _(too).2. we should _(encourage) students to study by themselves.3. we saw him _(enter) the room just now.4. its our duty to love our _(environment) .5. _

32、(especial), you should communicate with your parents when you are upset.6. most of _(europe) dont like chinese food.7. _(electricity) toothbrush seemed impossible one hundred years ago, but now it came true.8. i had a very unusual _(experience) on sunday. and i _(experience) a amazing trip with my f

33、riends.9. you must _(explain) to your parents why you have done that.四. 根據(jù)短文意思及首字母，寫(xiě)出合乎句意的單詞。now more and more cities can be seen on the e_(1). when you e_ (2) a city, you can see high buildings e_(3), straight streets , huge colorful e_(4) advertisement boards(牌) on the wall of e_(5) side of the road. you can play , eat, hang out or e_(6) sleep in the mall. e_ (7)in the city seems wonderful and e_(8).but busy cities bring many problems to the e_(9), e_(10) air pollution, water pollution and light pollution. most people find out when they