數(shù)字信號(hào)處理課程設(shè)計(jì)報(bào)告(20211126002336)

1、數(shù)字信號(hào)處理課程設(shè)計(jì)報(bào)告課設(shè)題目：語音信號(hào)變聲處理系統(tǒng)學(xué)院：信息科學(xué)與工程學(xué)院專業(yè)：電子與信息工程班級(jí)：姓名：學(xué)號(hào)：指導(dǎo)教師：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)（威海）2011 年7 月8 日目錄一. 課程設(shè)計(jì)任務(wù) . 1二. 課程設(shè)計(jì)原理及設(shè)計(jì)方案. 1三. 課程設(shè)計(jì)的步驟和結(jié)果. 3四. 課程設(shè)計(jì)總結(jié) . 17五. 設(shè)計(jì)體會(huì) . 18六. 參考文獻(xiàn) . 19哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)（威海）課程設(shè)計(jì)報(bào)告- 1 - 一. 課程設(shè)計(jì)任務(wù)電視臺(tái)經(jīng)常針對(duì)某些事件的知情者進(jìn)行采訪，為了保護(hù)知情者，經(jīng)常改變說話人的聲音，請(qǐng)利用所學(xué)的知識(shí)，將其實(shí)現(xiàn)。1） 自己錄制一段正常的聲音文件，或者通過菜單選擇的方式選擇一段正常聲音文件；2） 能

2、夠播放該文件；3） 對(duì)語音信號(hào)進(jìn)行處理，要求處理后的語音信號(hào)基本不影響正常收聽與理解；5） 對(duì)處理參數(shù)能夠通過 matlab 界面進(jìn)行調(diào)節(jié)，以對(duì)比不同處理效果；6） 能夠?qū)μ幚砗蟮穆曇粑募c原始聲音文件的頻譜進(jìn)行觀察、分析。7） 編制 gui用戶界面。哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)（威海）課程設(shè)計(jì)報(bào)告- 2 - 二. 課程設(shè)計(jì)原理及設(shè)計(jì)方案（）選取需要變聲的原始語音信號(hào)；（）得到原始語音信號(hào)的基音周期長度；（）根據(jù)基音周期長度定位整個(gè)原始語音信號(hào)的每一個(gè)基音周期的位置；（）在原始語音信號(hào)中的基音周期之間刪除插入基音周期，得到縮短伸長的語音信號(hào)；（）將縮短伸長的語音信號(hào)線性伸長壓縮至與原始語音信號(hào)一致的長度，得

3、到變聲后的語音信號(hào)。哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)（威海）課程設(shè)計(jì)報(bào)告- 3 - 三. 課程設(shè)計(jì)的步驟和結(jié)果function varargout = fenxi(varargin) gui_singleton = 1; gui_state = struct(gui_name , mfilename, .gui_singleton, gui_singleton, .gui_openingfcn, fenxi_openingfcn, .gui_outputfcn, fenxi_outputfcn, .gui_layoutfcn, , .gui_callback, ); if nargin & ischar

4、(varargin1) gui_state.gui_callback = str2func(varargin1); endif nargout varargout1:nargout = gui_mainfcn(gui_state, varargin:); else gui_mainfcn(gui_state, varargin:); end% end initialization code - do not edit% - executes just before fenxi is made visible.function fenxi_openingfcn(hobject, eventdat

5、a, handles, varargin) % this function has no output args, see outputfcn.% hobject handle to figure% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of matlab% handles structure with handles and user data (see guidata)% varargin command line arguments to fenxi (see varargin)% choose default co

6、mmand line output for fenxihandles.output = hobject; % update handles structureguidata(hobject, handles); % uiwait makes fenxi wait for user response (see uiresume)哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)（威海）課程設(shè)計(jì)報(bào)告- 4 - % uiwait(handles.figure1);% - outputs from this function are returned to the command line.function varargout = fe

7、nxi_outputfcn(hobject, eventdata, handles) % varargout cell array for returning output args (see varargout);% hobject handle to figure% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of matlab% handles structure with handles and user data (see guidata)% get default command line output from h

8、andles structurevarargout1 = handles.output; % - executes on button press in luyin.function luyin_callback(hobject, eventdata, handles) if get(hobject,value) % set(handles.luyinpinlv,enable,on); set(handles.dakai,value,0); set(handles.luyinshijian,enable, on ); set(handles.luyinqueding,enable, on );

9、 set(handles.dakaiqueding,enable, off); set(handles.bofang,value,0); set(handles.bofangpinlv,enable, off); set(handles.bofangqueding,enable, off); set(handles.luyinqueding,string, start); elseend; % hint: get(hobject,value) returns toggle state of luyin% - executes on button press in dakai.function

10、dakai_callback(hobject, eventdata, handles) if get(hobject,value) set(handles.luyin,value,0); set(handles.luyinshijian,enable, off); set(handles.luyinqueding,enable, off); set(handles.dakaiqueding,enable, on ); set(handles.bofang,value,0); %set(handles.bofangpinlv,enable,off); set(handles.bofangqued

11、ing,enable, off); 哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)（威海）課程設(shè)計(jì)報(bào)告- 5 - %set(handles.luyinpinlv,enable,off);elseend; function radiobutton3_callback(hobject, eventdata, handles) % hobject handle to radiobutton3 (see gcbo)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of matlab% handles structure with handles and user dat

12、a (see guidata)% hint: get(hobject,value) returns toggle state of radiobutton3% - executes on button press in luyinqueding.function luyinqueding_callback(hobject, eventdata, handles) % hobject handle to luyinqueding (see gcbo)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of matlab% handle

13、s structure with handles and user data (see guidata)set(hobject,string, recording); pause(0.4); fs=44100; t=str2double(get(handles.luyinshijian,string); ai=analoginput(winsound,0); % 初始化錄音麥克chanel=addchannel(ai,1);%1 表示單聲道set(ai,samplerate ,fs); duration=t; % 錄音時(shí)間set(ai,samplespertrigger,duration*fs

14、); start(ai); y=0;time=0; y,time=getdata(ai);% 讀出相應(yīng)的數(shù)據(jù)handles.y=y; handles.fs=fs; guidata(hobject,handles); plot(handles.huitu2,time,handles.y)% 畫出聲音波形title(handles.huitu2, 時(shí)域圖 ); ysize=size(handles.y); set(hobject,string, finish); set(handles.yuchuli,enable, on ); set(handles.yuchuliqd,enable, on )

15、; 哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)（威海）課程設(shè)計(jì)報(bào)告- 6 - set(handles.fuliyebianhuan,enable , on ); set(handles.baocun,enable, on ); %set(handles.biansheng,enable,on);% - executes on button press in dakaiqueding.function dakaiqueding_callback(hobject, eventdata, handles) % hobject handle to dakaiqueding (see gcbo)% eventdata reserv

16、ed - to be defined in a future version of matlab% handles structure with handles and user data (see guidata) filename pathname=uigetfile(*.wav, all files(*.*), select); if isequal(filename pathname,0,0) return ; endstr=pathname filename;% 選擇的聲音文件路徑和文件名temp fs=wavread(str);%temp 表示聲音數(shù)據(jù) fs 表示頻率handles

17、.y=temp;handles.fs=fs; guidata(hobject,handles); set(handles.yuchuli,enable, on ); set(handles.yuchuliqd,enable, on ); set(handles.fuliyebianhuan,enable , on ); set(handles.baocun,enable, on ); %set(handles.biansheng,enable,on); set(handles.bofang,enable, on ); % - executes on button press in pushbu

18、tton3.function pushbutton3_callback(hobject, eventdata, handles) % hobject handle to pushbutton3 (see gcbo)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of matlab% handles structure with handles and user data (see guidata)function luyinshijian_callback(hobject, eventdata, handles) % hobje

19、ct handle to luyinshijian (see gcbo)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of matlab% handles structure with handles and user data (see guidata)% hints: get(hobject,string) returns contents of luyinshijian as text%str2double(get(hobject,string) returns contents of luyinshijian 哈爾濱工

20、業(yè)大學(xué)（威海）課程設(shè)計(jì)報(bào)告- 7 - as a double% - executes during object creation, after setting all properties.function luyinshijian_createfcn(hobject, eventdata, handles) ifispc & isequal(get(hobject,backgroundcolor), get(0, defaultuicontrolbackgroundcolor) set(hobject,backgroundcolor, white); end% - executes

21、 on button press in bofang.function bofang_callback(hobject, eventdata, handles) if get(hobject,value) set(handles.luyin,value,0); set(handles.luyinshijian,enable, off); set(handles.luyinqueding,enable, off); set(handles.dakaiqueding,enable, off); set(handles.dakai,value,0); set(handles.bofangpinlv,

22、enable, on ); set(handles.bofangqueding,enable, on ); % set(handles.luyinpinlv,enable,off);elseend; % hint: get(hobject,value) returns toggle state of bofangfunction bofangpinlv_callback(hobject, eventdata, handles) function bofangpinlv_createfcn(hobject, eventdata, handles) ifispc & isequal(get

23、(hobject,backgroundcolor), get(0, defaultuicontrolbackgroundcolor) set(hobject,backgroundcolor, white); end% - executes on button press in bofangqueding.function bofangqueding_callback(hobject, eventdata, handles) % hobject handle to bofangqueding (see gcbo)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a

24、future version of matlab% handles structure with handles and user data (see guidata)c=handles.fs; contents = cellstr(get(handles.bofangpinlv,string) ;% 獲取listbox1哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)（威海）課程設(shè)計(jì)報(bào)告- 8 - 中的細(xì)胞矩陣bj=contentsget(handles.bofangpinlv,value); % 獲取listbox中的值if strcmp(bj,frequency) ds=c; elseif strcmp(bj,male

25、) ds=0.7*c; else ds=1.7*c; end; wavplay(handles.y,ds); y=fft(handles.y,length(handles.y); ysize=size(y); plot(handles.huitu2,abs(y); xlabel(handles.huitu2,f/hz); ylabel(handles.huitu2,range ); title(handles.huitu2,frequency ); grid on; function luyinpinlv_callback(hobject, eventdata, handles) % hobj

26、ect handle to luyinpinlv (see gcbo)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of matlab% handles structure with handles and user data (see guidata)% hints: get(hobject,string) returns contents of luyinpinlv as text% str2double(get(hobject,string) returns contents of luyinpinlv as a dou

27、ble% - executes during object creation, after setting all properties.function luyinpinlv_createfcn(hobject, eventdata, handles) % hobject handle to luyinpinlv (see gcbo)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of matlab% handles empty - handles not created until after all createfcns

28、called哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)（威海）課程設(shè)計(jì)報(bào)告- 9 - % hint: edit controls usually have a white background on windows.% see ispc and computer.ifispc & isequal(get(hobject,backgroundcolor), get(0, defaultuicontrolbackgroundcolor) set(hobject,backgroundcolor, white); endfunction xianshi_callback(hobject, eventdata, handl

29、es) % hobject handle to xianshi (see gcbo)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of matlab% handles structure with handles and user data (see guidata)% hints: get(hobject,string) returns contents of xianshi as text% str2double(get(hobject,string) returns contents of xianshi as a do

30、uble% - executes during object creation, after setting all properties.function xianshi_createfcn(hobject, eventdata, handles) % hobject handle to xianshi (see gcbo)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of matlab% handles empty - handles not created until after all createfcns calle

31、d% hint: edit controls usually have a white background on windows.% see ispc and computer.ifispc & isequal(get(hobject,backgroundcolor), get(0, defaultuicontrolbackgroundcolor) set(hobject,backgroundcolor, white); end% - executes on button press in yuchuliqd.function yuchuliqd_callback(hobject,

32、eventdata, handles) % hobject handle to yuchuliqd (see gcbo)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of matlab% handles structure with handles and user data (see guidata)contents = cellstr(get(handles.yuchuli,string) ;% 獲取listbox1中的哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)（威海）課程設(shè)計(jì)報(bào)告- 10 - 細(xì)胞矩陣bj=contentsget(handles.y

33、uchuli,value); % 獲取listbox中的值if strcmp(bj,removal of dc component) shuju=handles.y; handles.y=shuju-mean(shuju); elseif strcmp(bj,removal of long-term trend) y=handles.y; handles.y=detrend(y); elsey=handles.y;fs=handles.fs; % 低通濾波器性能指標(biāo)，% fp=1000; fc=2000; as=100; ap=1;wp=2*1200/8000; % 歸一化通帶數(shù)字頻率 wpw

34、s=2*2000/8000; % 歸一化阻帶數(shù)字截止頻率wsrp=0.5; % 通帶波紋系數(shù) rprs=60; % 最小阻帶衰減 rsn,wn=buttord(wp,ws,rp,rs); % 求階數(shù) n和濾波器截止頻率 wnnum,den=butter(n,rp); % 傳輸分子和分母的系數(shù)h,w=freqz(num,den); % 求頻率響應(yīng)f=filter(num,den,y); % 濾波f1=fft(f,fs); handles.y=f; plot(handles.huitu,abs(f1); % 畫出濾波后的時(shí)域圖title(handles.huitu, 濾波后的幅度譜 ); set(

35、handles.huitu,xgrid, on ); set(handles.huitu,ygrid, on ); plot(handles.huitu2,angle(f1); % 畫出濾波后的時(shí)域圖title(handles.huitu2, 濾波后的相位譜 ); grid on; end; guidata(hobject,handles); % - executes on selection change in yuchuli.function yuchuli_callback(hobject, eventdata, handles) 哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)（威海）課程設(shè)計(jì)報(bào)告- 11 - % ho

36、bject handle to yuchuli (see gcbo)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of matlab% handles structure with handles and user data (see guidata)% hints: contents = cellstr(get(hobject,string) returns yuchuli contents as cell array% contentsget(hobject,value) returns selected item fro

37、m yuchuli% - executes during object creation, after setting all properties.function yuchuli_createfcn(hobject, eventdata, handles) % hobject handle to yuchuli (see gcbo)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of matlab% handles empty - handles not created until after all createfcns

38、called% hint: popupmenu controls usually have a white background on windows.% see ispc and computer.ifispc & isequal(get(hobject,backgroundcolor), get(0, defaultuicontrolbackgroundcolor) set(hobject,backgroundcolor, white); end% - executes on button press in fuliyebianhuan.function fuliyebianhua

39、n_callback(hobject, eventdata, handles) % hobject handle to fuliyebianhuan (see gcbo)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of matlab% handles structure with handles and user data (see guidata) temp=handles.y; fs=handles.fs; len=max(size(temp);% 讀出聲音數(shù)據(jù)文件的長度sel,ok=listdlg(liststring

40、, length, 128 , 256 , 512 , 1024 , 2048 , 4096 , 8192 , 16384 , 32768 , 65536 , .name , choose fft , okstring, yes , .cancelstring, cancle, selectionmode, single, listsize,250 150); 哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)（威海）課程設(shè)計(jì)報(bào)告- 12 - data_frequency=len,128,256,512,1024,2048,4096,8192,16384,32768,65536; if ok=1 m=data_frequency

41、(sel); y=temp(1:m);% 取前m個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)做變換 s=length(y); zh=fft(y,s); % 做fft 變換 f=0:fs/s:fs*(s-1)/s; % 計(jì)算頻率 plot(handles.huitu2,f(1:m/2),zh(1:m/2) set(handles.huitu2,xgrid, on ); set(handles.huitu2,ygrid, on ); legend( 頻譜圖 ); xlabel(handles.huitu2, 頻率 ); ylabel(handles.huitu2, 振幅 ); elseend% - executes on button

42、 press in baocun.function baocun_callback(hobject, eventdata, handles) % hobject handle to baocun (see gcbo)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of matlab% handles structure with handles and user data (see guidata)fs=handles.fs; sel,ok=listdlg(liststring, frequency, 6000 , 8000 ,

43、 11025 , 16000 , 22050 , 32000 , 44100 , 48000 , 96000 , .name , choose frequency, okstring, yes, .cancelstring, cancle, selectionmode, single, listsize,240 120); data_frequency=fs,6000,8000,11025,16000,22050,32000,44100,48000,96000; if ok=1 fs=data_frequency(sel); filename=uiputfile(*.wav, save as)

44、; wavwrite(handles.y,fs,filename);%data表示聲音數(shù)據(jù)else哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)（威海）課程設(shè)計(jì)報(bào)告- 13 - end; % - executes on button press in biansheng.function biansheng_callback(hobject, eventdata, handles) % hobject handle to biansheng (see gcbo)% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of matlab% handles structu

45、re with handles and user data (see guidata)% ct1set(hobject,string, processing, please wait); % 定義常數(shù) fl = 80; % 幀長 wl = 240; % 窗長 p = 10; % 預(yù)測系數(shù)個(gè)數(shù) s=handles.y;fs=handles.fs; % 載入語音 s s = s/max(s); % 歸一化 l = length(s); % 讀入語音長度 fn = floor(l/fl)-2; % 計(jì)算幀數(shù)% 預(yù)測和重建濾波器 exc = zeros(l,1); % 激勵(lì)信號(hào)（預(yù)測誤差） zi_pr

46、e = zeros(p,1); % 預(yù)測濾波器的狀態(tài) s_rec = zeros(l,1); % 重建語音 zi_rec = zeros(p,1); % 合成濾波器 exc_syn = zeros(l,1); % 合成的激勵(lì)信號(hào)（脈沖串） s_syn = zeros(l,1); % 合成語音 last_syn = 0; % 存儲(chǔ)上一個(gè)（或多個(gè)）段的最后一個(gè)脈沖的下標(biāo) zi_syn = zeros(p,1); % 合成濾波器的狀態(tài)% 變調(diào)不變速濾波器 exc_syn_t = zeros(l,1); % 合成的激勵(lì)信號(hào)（脈沖串） s_syn_t = zeros(l,1); % 合成語音 last_

47、syn_t = 0; % 存儲(chǔ)上一個(gè)（或多個(gè)）段的最后一個(gè)脈沖的下標(biāo) zi_syn_t = zeros(p,1); % 合成濾波器的狀態(tài)% 變速不變調(diào)濾波器（假設(shè)速度減慢一倍） hw = hamming(wl); % 漢明窗% 依次處理每幀語音哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)（威海）課程設(shè)計(jì)報(bào)告- 14 - for n = 3:fn % 計(jì)算預(yù)測系數(shù)（不需要掌握） s_w = s(n*fl-wl+1:n*fl).*hw; % 漢明窗加權(quán)后的語音 a e = lpc(s_w, p); % 用線性預(yù)測法計(jì)算 p個(gè)預(yù)測系數(shù)% a 是預(yù)測系數(shù)， e會(huì)被用來計(jì)算合成激勵(lì)的能量 s_f = s(n-1)*fl+1:n*fl); % 本幀語音，