歷年考研英語真題長(zhǎng)難句解析(20211127083249)

1、歷年考研英語真題長(zhǎng)難句解析1. this is no flash in the pan; over the past couple of years, inflation has been consistently lower than expected in britain and america. 【譯文】這不是曇花一現(xiàn)。 在過去幾年里，英國(guó)和美國(guó)的通貨膨脹率始終低于預(yù)測(cè)水平。【析句】這是一個(gè)并列句，前后用分號(hào)隔開兩個(gè)子句，是遞進(jìn)關(guān)系。在第一句中， no 可以用 not a 代替。在后一個(gè)句子中， inflation是主語， lower 是謂語系動(dòng)詞的表語， than expected 和

2、 in britain and america，以及前面的 over the past couple of years都是介詞短語作狀語?！局v詞】 a flash in the pan意為曇花一現(xiàn)的人或事 。many people believe that the young singer is a flash in the pan.(許多人認(rèn)為那位歌手紅不了多久。) when i first heard the news,i too dismissed it as a flash in the pan.(我一開始聽到這個(gè)消息時(shí)，也認(rèn)為這事長(zhǎng)不了。 ) 2. economists have b

3、een particularly surprised by favourable inflation figures in britain and the united states,since conventional measures suggest that both economies,and especially americas,have little productive slack. 【譯文】經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家對(duì)英美兩國(guó)有利的通脹率感到特別詫異，因?yàn)閭鹘y(tǒng)的計(jì)量方法表明兩國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)，特別是美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)幾乎沒有生產(chǎn)蕭條的時(shí)候?！疚鼍洹窟@是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句。主句的主干是economists have b

4、een particularly surprised 。在表示原因的狀語從句中，其賓語從句中especially americas economy是 both economies的同位語?！局v詞】 conventional意為 普通的，常規(guī)的 。a conventional church wedding( 傳統(tǒng)的教堂式婚禮 ) ，conventional symbols(常用的象征 )，a conventional form of address(稱呼的慣用形式 )，conventional weapons(常規(guī)武器 ) 。slack 可以作形容詞、 副詞、名詞和動(dòng)詞， 其基本意思是 松懈;

5、松弛;減弱。a slack rope(一根未繃緊的繩子 )，slack muscles(松弛的肌肉)，a slack worker(粗心大意的工人 )。3. the most thrilling explanation is,unfortunately,a little defective. some economists argue that powerful structural changes in the world have upended the old economic models that were based upon the historical link between

6、 growth and inflation. 【譯文】可惜的是，這最令人震驚的解釋也有缺陷。一些經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家認(rèn)為，世界經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)強(qiáng)有力的變化已經(jīng)* 了那個(gè)以經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)和通貨膨脹的歷史關(guān)聯(lián)為基礎(chǔ)的舊的經(jīng)濟(jì)模式?！疚鼍洹康谝粋€(gè)句子相對(duì)比較簡(jiǎn)單。第二個(gè)句子的主干是some economists argue，賓語是一個(gè)從句，而從句的賓語又跟了一個(gè)定語從句(that were based upon the historical link between growth and inflation)，修飾 the old economic models?！局v詞】 upend一詞由動(dòng)詞短語 end up衍生而來，意為

7、“結(jié)束，* *”。defective意為“有缺陷的 ;( 智商或行為有 ) 欠缺的”，或“有缺陷的人(物)”。 he is defective in moral sense.(他不能分辨邪正。)his speech can only be described as defective.(他的演講很有不妥之處。 ) 4. “is this what you intended to accomplish with your careers?” senator robert dole asked time warner executives last week. “you have sold you

8、r souls,but must you corrupt our nation and threaten our children as well? ” 【譯文】參議員羅伯特 ?多爾上星期質(zhì)問時(shí)代華納公司高層人士時(shí)說：“難道這就是你們要成就的事業(yè)嗎?你們已經(jīng)出賣了自己的靈魂，難道你們還非要腐化我們的國(guó)家，威脅我們的孩子不成?”【析句】這是一個(gè)有直接引語的復(fù)雜句。首先抓住核心句senator robert dole asked time warner executives last week，其前后是直接引語。這個(gè)直接引語的前半部分是一個(gè)一般疑問句，后面由兩個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的句子構(gòu)成，由連詞but 連

9、接。第二個(gè)分句中， but 后面的句子是一個(gè)一般疑問句，由情態(tài)動(dòng)詞must 引導(dǎo)，包括由 and這個(gè)連詞連接的兩個(gè)并列部分(corrupt our nation和 threaten our children as well)。【講詞】 corrupt意為“(使)*;腐爛; 賄賂”，既可作動(dòng)詞也可作形容詞。 he was sent to prison for trying to corrupt a tax official with money.(他因企圖向稅務(wù)官員行賄而被判入獄。)you are corrupted at heart.(你心術(shù)不正。 )the text was corrupte

10、d by careless copyists.(原文因抄寫員粗心而有訛誤。) 5. its a self-examination that has, at various times, involved issues of responsibility, creative freedom and the corporate bottom line. 【譯文】這只是在不同時(shí)期涉及責(zé)任、 創(chuàng)作自由和公司底線問題的自我反省?！疚鼍洹窟@是一個(gè)有定語從句的復(fù)雜句。主干為it is a self-examination，that 后面引導(dǎo)的是限定性定語從句，修飾，定語從句的賓語是一個(gè)of 詞組，跟著三個(gè)并

11、列的名詞短語，用來修飾和限定issues 。at various times 是插入語，作句子的狀語?！局v詞】 bottom line意為“底價(jià) ; 底線”。 my bottom line is $3000.( 我的底價(jià)是三千元。 )the governments bottom line with regard to the trade issue has not changed.(政府關(guān)于貿(mào)易爭(zhēng)端的底線并沒有發(fā)生變化。 ) corporate意為“公司的 ; 社團(tuán)的 ;法人的 ;共同的”。 they made a corporate effort to finish the job.(他們通

12、過集體的共同努力完成這項(xiàng)工作。)corporate responsibility(共同責(zé)任或法人責(zé)任 )。6. in 1992, when time warner was under fire for releasing ice-ts violent rap song cop killer, levin described rap as lawful expression of street culture, which deserves an outlet. 【譯文】 1992年時(shí)代華納公司因出品ice-t 樂隊(duì)狂暴的說唱歌曲 警察殺手后備受譴責(zé)時(shí)， 萊文說說唱音樂只是街頭文化的合法表達(dá)方式

13、，它應(yīng)該有自己的宣泄途徑?！疚鼍洹窟@是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句，從句(when time warner was under fire for releasing ice-ts violent rap song cop killer)表示時(shí)間; 非限制性定語從句which deserves an outlet修飾 street culture ?！局v詞】 under fire意為“受到攻擊 ; 遭到抨擊”。 the minister came under fire when the accident happened.(在事故發(fā)生后，那位部長(zhǎng)遭到了抨擊。 ) i was under fire when t

14、he board reviewed my proposal.(在董事會(huì)討論我的提案時(shí)，我遭到了批評(píng)。) 1. the existence of the giant clouds was virtually required for the big bang, first put forward in the 1920s, to maintain its reign as the dominant explanation of the cosmos. 【譯文】巨大的宇宙云的存在， 實(shí)際上是使二十年代首創(chuàng)的大爆炸論得以保持其宇宙起源論的主導(dǎo)地位所不可缺少的?！疚鼍洹勘揪涞闹鞲蔀閠he existe

15、nce of the giant clouds was virtually required for the big bang，過去分詞短語first put forward in the 1920s 在句中作后置定語，修飾前面的the big bang?！局v詞】big bang是天文學(xué)的一個(gè)名詞， 應(yīng)該譯成“大爆炸”或“大爆炸理論”。 put forward意為“提出”。 the council has put forward valuable concrete proposals on energy conservation.(委員會(huì)提出了寶貴而具體的節(jié)能意見。)china has put

16、 forward three historical sites for unesco heritage list.(中國(guó)提交三個(gè)歷史名勝申請(qǐng)成為聯(lián)合國(guó)教科文組織的世界遺產(chǎn)。) unesco的全稱是 the united nations educational,scientific and cultural organization。2. astrophysicists working with ground based detectors at the south pole and balloon borne instruments are closing in on such structu

17、res,and may report their findings soon. 【譯文】天體物理學(xué)家使用南極陸基探測(cè)器及球載儀器，正越來越近地觀測(cè)這些云系，也許不久會(huì)報(bào)告他們的觀測(cè)結(jié)果?！疚鼍洹勘揪錇檫B詞 and 引導(dǎo)的并列分句，主語為 astrophysicists，現(xiàn)在分詞短語 (working with ground-based detectors at the south pole and balloon-borne instruments)是主語的后置定語，兩個(gè)并列謂語分別為 are closing in on such structures和 may report their fi

18、ndings soon?！局v詞】 to close in on 意為“接近”或“快要”。aol is closing in on launching video voip.(美國(guó)在線很快將推出網(wǎng)絡(luò)視頻電話。)deadly bird flu virus is closing in on europe.(致命的禽流感正在接近歐洲。 ) ground based 意為“陸基”，即基于陸地，也可以說land based 。以類似方式組成的單詞還有web-based(基于網(wǎng)絡(luò)的 ; 網(wǎng)上的)，如web-based email system(網(wǎng)絡(luò)在線電郵系統(tǒng) ) 。3. unlike most of th

19、e worlds volcanoes, they are not always found at the boundaries of the great drifting plates that make up the earths surface; on the contrary, many of them lie deep in the interior of a plate. 【譯文】和世界上大多數(shù)火山不同的是，它們并不總是在構(gòu)成地球表面的巨大漂流板塊之間的邊界上出現(xiàn); 相反，許多熱點(diǎn)處于板塊較深的內(nèi)部?！疚鼍洹窟@是一個(gè)由兩個(gè)分句組成的并列句，中間由分號(hào)隔開。在前一個(gè)分句中，unlike

20、 most of the worlds volcanoes是一個(gè)形容詞短語，修飾句子的主語they 。定語從句 (that make up the earth s surface)修飾 the great drifting plates。第二個(gè)分句結(jié)構(gòu)較簡(jiǎn)單，注意many of them 是指 many of the hot spots?！局v詞】make up 意為“化妝 ; 補(bǔ)足; 拼湊; 組成; 編造”等。he made up an excuse for his absence in class, which was found out.(他編了一個(gè)借口沒來上課，結(jié)果被發(fā)現(xiàn)了。)i ll

21、make up the difference in the bill.(我來補(bǔ)上帳單的差額。 )you have to make up the lost time by studying harder.(你應(yīng)該更加努力學(xué)習(xí)，以彌補(bǔ)失去的時(shí)間。 )he kissed his wife and made up with her.(他吻了妻子，和她和好了。) 4. the complementary coastlines and certain geological features that seem to span the ocean are reminders of where the two

22、 continents were once joined. 【譯文】互相吻合的海岸線和某些似乎跨越海洋的地質(zhì)特征會(huì)使人想到這兩個(gè)大陸曾經(jīng)是連在一起的?！疚鼍洹窟@個(gè)單句的主語是the complementary coastlines and certain geological features ， 后面跟了一個(gè)定語從句 (that seem to span the ocean)，從句中 that 充當(dāng)?shù)氖侵髡Z。全句的表語名詞reminders 跟了一個(gè) of 短語結(jié)構(gòu)，其中包含一個(gè)表示地點(diǎn)的從句?！局v詞】 reminder的意思是“暗示 ; 有提醒作用的人或物”。the museum serv

23、es as a reminder of the crimes committed against the people of nanjing.(紀(jì)念館提醒人們不要忘記南京人民所遭受的暴行。) span 作名詞表示“跨度 ; 范圍”，作動(dòng)詞時(shí)意為“橫越”。richard carleton, an award-winning journalist whose career in australian television spanned 40 years, died on sunday.(理查德卡爾頓星期天去世， 這位多次獲獎(jiǎng)的記者曾在澳大利亞的電視機(jī)構(gòu)工作了 40年。)the thames is

24、 spanned by many bridges. (泰晤士河上架設(shè)了許多橋梁。) 5. if the small hot spots look as expected, that will be a triumph for yet another scientific idea, a refinement of the big bang called the inflationary universe theory. 【譯文】假如那些小熱點(diǎn)看上去同預(yù)計(jì)的一致，那就意味著又一科學(xué)理論獲得了勝利，這種理論完善了大爆炸論，亦稱宇宙膨脹說?！疚鼍洹勘揪涫且粋€(gè)主從復(fù)合句，從句是if引導(dǎo)的條件從句，主句

25、是 that will be a triumph for yet another scientific idea，a refinement of the big bang called the inflationary universe theory 是 another scientific idea的同位語，其中過去分詞短語(called the inflationary universe theory) 是 a refinement of the big bang 的后置定語?！局v詞】 refinement意為“提煉，精致，文雅”。a refinement of the big bang意思是 the refined big bang theory,說明這種學(xué)說或理論完善了大爆炸論。此外，the inflationary universe theory應(yīng)翻譯成“宇宙膨脹理論”或“宇宙膨脹說”。inflationary意為“膨脹的”，其動(dòng)詞形式是inflate。he was infla