Nexus5K2K排錯及巡檢命令解析

1、排錯手冊:第一章排錯基本操作:第一：必須了接用戶網(wǎng)絡(luò)并畫出現(xiàn)有網(wǎng)絡(luò)拓撲圖包括:1. 物理接口2. 邏輯接口3. 生成樹root和blocked接口4. 如果不能清楚描述evpcpo2vpc peer-link e1/1t 1/2 po101 domain 101vpc peer-link e1/1t 1/2 po102 domain 102vpc peer-link e1/z2/2 po100 domain 100n5kjx n5k-2n5k-3 n5k-4 t n5k5rstp root n7k-1 i n7k-2e3/1 e4/1 ；:e3/1 e4/1ie3/2©4/2e1/3

2、0e1/31e1/30e1/31vpc peer-keep e1/1 - e1/1第二：show tech-support使用傳統(tǒng)show tech-support方式獲取 該文件有時會非常大而且需要非常多的時間去生產(chǎn) 如果沒有時間可以使用tac-pac命令生產(chǎn)一個zips到volatile:上。n5k-1# tac-pacn5k-1# dir vola|tile:180242 jan 28 4:37:26 2011 show tech outgzas of 5.0(3), there are 68n5k-1< show tech-support ?aaaaclmgr edjmgr ar

3、p escii-cfg a3soc_mgr bcm-usd bootvar brief btcm callhome cdpdisplay aaa informationacl commandsdisplay adjmgr informationdisplay arp infcrmationshow ascii-cfg information for technical support personnel gather detailed information for assoc_mgr troubleshooting gather detailed information for bcm us

4、d troubleshooting gather detailed information for bootui: troubleshooting display the switch summarygather detailed information for 3tcm componentcallhome troubleshooting informationgather information for cdp trouble shootingsession-mgr snap sockets 3pmsysmgrtiae-optimized track.vdcvpcvtpxmlgather i

5、nformation for troubleshooting session managergather info related to snmodisplay sockets status and configurationservice policy managergather detailed information for st? troubleshootinggather detailed inforaation for sysmgr troubleshootinggather tech-support faster, requires more memory & disk,

6、 space show track techinformationgather detailed information for vdc troubleshootinggather detailed information for vpc troubleshootinggather detailed information for vtp troubleshootinggather information for xml troushooting第三：查看日志使用show命令后面添加文件路徑能夠統(tǒng)一輸出到同一文本里面。log your outputredirect and appendn5k-

7、1# show clock > bootflash:debug-file.txtn5k-丄# show mac address-table » bootflash:debug-file.txt n5k-1# show running-config i count >> bootflash:debug-file.txtn5k-1# show file bootflash:debug-file.txtnon apr 4 02:39:41 utc 2011<= output from show clocklegend:<= output from show m

8、ac address-table* - primary entry# g gateway mac# (r) routed mac, o overlay macage - seconds since last seenr + - primary entry using vpc peerlinkvlan mac addresstypeage secure ntfy portsv 990021.5ad8.c424dynamic0ffpo500* 10021.5ad8.c424dynamic250ffethl01/l/2£45<= output from show running-co

9、nfig i count查看logging的方式:show logging logfiletry using start -time or lastn5>:-1# show logging logfile start-time 2011 mar 9 20:00:002011 mar 9 20:17:18 esc-n5548-l %ethport-5-if_down_none: interface ethernetl/1 is down (no|ie)2011 mar 9 20:17:18 esc-n5548-l %ethport-5-if_down_none: interface eth

10、ernetl/3 is down (none)n5k丄< show<l-9999>logging last ?enter number of lines to displayshow accounting log能夠查看修改配置的歷史包括成功與失敗的記錄。show logging nvram永久的日志記錄就算重啟也能查看，幫助你査看crash和重啟的記錄。第二章操作系統(tǒng)概述nx-os操作系統(tǒng)分為以下3個部分 fsm mts crashes2.1 nx-os操作技巧2.1.1在操作命令時可以自動支持上一級操作命令，無需提出上一級。n5k3(config)# switch?swi

11、tchport configure switchport parameters <= matching in config-if moden5k3(config-if)# switchn?switchname configure system's host name <= matching in config mode2.1.2文件系統(tǒng)文件名能夠自動補全nek-3# (config)# show file bootflash:s?bootflash:stplog1nek-3# (config)# install all system bootflash:n5<tab&

12、gt; bootflash:n5000-uk95.03.n11.binbc-otf lash: n5000-uk .n2.1 .bin2.1.3在命令列表里査看相應(yīng)關(guān)鍵字的命令。n5k-3# show cli list | grep switchport show system default switchport san show interface switchport show interfa|ce <if-mr> switchport2.1.4 ctrl-c終結(jié)當前輸出的信息。n5k-3# show tech-support show tech-support

13、 ctrl-c2.1.5查看nxos系統(tǒng)文件架構(gòu)和使用情況如果/var/tmp滿了將不能升級和想不到的記錄 可以通過重啟和思科tac來解決。 mounts could fill, watch /var/tmp - it is cleared by reload or with tacih! a full /var/tmp can cause upgrade errors, unexpected logsn5k丄* show systen internal flashmoant-onlk-blocksusedavailableuse%filesystea/2048001114609334055/

14、dev/root/proc0000proc/s/s0000none/isan1536000453760108224030none/v-ir/tap1310721081309641none/vr/sysmgr51200047005073001none/var/sysnigx/f tp2048004860415619624none/vr/sysragr/f tp/cores204800204800none/cmllhome327680327680none/dv/shm2621449593616620837none/volatile61440014400none/chbug2048420441non

15、e/dv/mqueue0000none/nnt/cfg/03925743323289812/dev/sda5/xxnt/cf g/13724243323098713/dev/sda6/vmr/sysmgr/startup-cfg1024003112992884none/dv/pts0000devpts/nnt/plog561921784544084/dev/mtdblock2/mat/pss3927360583118717/dev/sda4/botflash85984876844750495/dev/sda32.1.6 volatie 介紹和 debug 輸出volatie：文件系統(tǒng)是虛擬的，

16、是臨時的，但系統(tǒng)重啟后將不會保存。log:文件系統(tǒng)在root/里下面是如何保存查看及清除debug信息的操作n5k-1# debug logfile ciscolive_debugsn5k-1# show debugoutput forwarded to file ciscolive_debugs (size: 4194304 bytes)debuglevelissettominor (1)n5k-1#dirlog0apr0401:14:012011ciscolive_debugs31mar1111:38:352011dmesg0mar1111:38:572011libfipf.4365791

17、01apr00:34:022011messages6670apr0400:06:012011startupdebugn5k-1#copylog:ciscolive debugs tftp:enter vrf: managemententer hostname for the tftp server: 34 trying to connect to tftp serverconnection to server established.itftp put operation was successfuln5kclear debug-logfile ciscolive_debu

18、gs-cr-一n5k-1# undebug all2.2 ns-os fsm 介紹fsm全面finite state machine有限的狀態(tài)機制 用于記錄nsos里很多重要的處理。 用它來記錄當問題出現(xiàn)時的狀態(tài)和debugging等信息。最重要是對比時間戳和內(nèi)部進程加的 通信。它包括以下處理記錄： ethpc -ethernet port client: responsible for talking to the mac and phy ethpm -ethernet port manager: responsible for translating between configurati

19、on and ethpc ethpc would in form ethpm that link is up, and then ethpm will! proceed to give instructions on what the configuration is for the port port-channel -port-channeling process responsible for aggregating physical links into logical channels lacp -802.3ad standard for aggregating links fwm

20、-forwarding manager; responsible for programming hardware according to the software configuration下而是關(guān)于el/3的記錄查看流程：example: afex comes online after e1/3 is brought upnsk-1# show2005 feb 2 in mode fexlogg13:16:49fabricesc-n5020丄 %ethportif up:interface ethernetl/3 is up2005 feb 2 manager has 2005 feb

21、213:16:47 esc-n5020-l %sysmgr-fex100-5-module_online: system received notification of local rr.odule becoming online.13:16:47 esc-n5020-l %satctrl-fex100-2-satctrl: fex-100 module 1:cold boot a give n fex host in terface shows "port cfgn message indicates preparatio n to en able the in terface*

22、el/3 up at 13：16：49n:k-1* show platform software ethpc event-history interface el00/l/41) event if_pcfg_rsp/ len: q, at 243054 usees after wee feb 2 13:16:54 2011 sent port cfg message response to ethpm - id: 0x2ccl819z status: success port-cha nnel history shows an if_create eve nt n ear this time

23、this is all related to a fex coming online, while e 100/1/4 is con figured as a port-channel member and is coming upn5<-1# show port-channel internal event-history interface el00/l/4»»fsm: <ethernetl00/l/4> has 1 logged trans it ions««<1) fsm:<ethernetl00/l/4> t

24、ransition at 447889 usees after wed feb 2 13:16:54 20l1previous state: pcm_eth_port_st_init_downtriggered event: pcm_port_ev2lfcreatenext state: fsm_st_no_changet curr state： pcm eth port st init down2.3 nx-os mts 介紹:mts全稱message and transaction service信息和交易系統(tǒng)用于和處理器通倍。 當排錯一個進程的時候 我們可以查看特定的mts信息隊列。mts信息會出現(xiàn)得很快或者隊列會在頂部。一般用于檢測以下錯誤時查看： high cpu unresponsivecli / timeout control-planedisrupt!on persists nt que