18-19Unit5SectionⅢGrammar——定語(yǔ)從句Ⅱ

1、Section 山 Grammar定語(yǔ)從句（II）語(yǔ)境自主領(lǐng)悟先觀(guān)察原句后自主感悟when, where, why, prep.+ which/whom引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從 句I.The time when I first met Nels on Man dela was a very difficult period of my life.2.It was in 1952 and Mandela was the black lawyeto whomI went for advice.3. He was generous with his time for which I was grateful.4

2、. The school where I studied for only two years was three kilometres away.5. However, this was a time when one had got to have a passbook to live in Joha nn esburg.6. The day when Nels on Man dela helped me was one of my happiest.7. .until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights

3、 at all.8. The parts of town in which they had to live were decided by white people.9. The places outside the tow ns where they were sent to live were the poorest parts of South Africa.10. .we were put into a position in which we had either to accept we were less important or fight the government.1.

4、 關(guān)系副詞when在定語(yǔ)從句中作 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)（第 1、5、 6句）；關(guān)系副詞 where在定語(yǔ)從句 中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)（第4、7、9 句）。2. “ prep. +關(guān)系代詞”的結(jié)構(gòu)中， which用于指代物 （第 3、8、10句）; whom用于指代人 （第 2 句）。語(yǔ)法精要點(diǎn)撥、關(guān)系副詞的用法關(guān)系副詞在引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，其功能相當(dāng)于介詞短語(yǔ)，在句中作狀語(yǔ)。when, where, why在定語(yǔ)從句中分別作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)和原因狀語(yǔ)。1. when指時(shí)間，在定語(yǔ)從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。I still remember the day when I first went to the Great Wall.

5、我還記得我第一次去長(zhǎng)城的那一天。The day when we get together will come soon.我們重聚的日子很快就會(huì)來(lái)的。注意：若時(shí)間名詞后面的定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞在從句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，則改用which 或 that 引導(dǎo)。Do you remember the daysW hich/that）we spe nt together?你還記得我們一起度過(guò)的那些日子嗎？（關(guān)系詞在從句中作spent的賓語(yǔ)）2. where指地點(diǎn)，在定語(yǔ)從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)。The housewhere I lived ten years ago has bee n pulled dow n.我10

6、年前居住的那所房子已經(jīng)被拆了。He is now worki ng in the factory where his father worked.現(xiàn)在他正在他父親工作過(guò)的那家工廠(chǎng)工作。注意：若地點(diǎn)名詞后面的定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞在從句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，則改用which 或 that。The school（which/that）we visited yesterday is n ewly built.我們昨天參觀(guān)的那所學(xué)校是新建的。（關(guān)系代詞which/that在從句中作賓語(yǔ)）3. why指原因，在定語(yǔ)從句中作原因狀語(yǔ)。The reasonwhy he succeeded in the exam is

7、that he studied very hard.他考試成功的原因是他學(xué)習(xí)很認(rèn)真。注意:reason后的定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞若在從句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，貝U改用which 或 that。This is the reas on which/that）our teacher gave us for doing it.這就是我們老師給我們的做此事的理由。（關(guān)系代詞在從句中作賓語(yǔ)）He gave me a reasoithat/which was reas on able.他給了我一個(gè)合情合理的理由。（關(guān)系代詞在從句中作主語(yǔ)）即時(shí)演練1 He arrived in Beiji ng on the day w

8、hen I left. The factory where his father works is in the east of the city. This is the reason which/that he offered at the meeting.二、關(guān)系代詞作介詞的賓語(yǔ)關(guān)系代詞作介詞的賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，為了使關(guān)系代詞與先行詞的關(guān)系更加緊湊，可以第2頁(yè)將從句中的介詞提到關(guān)系代詞前， 形成“介詞關(guān)系代詞”結(jié)構(gòu)。 該結(jié)構(gòu)中的關(guān) 系代詞可用 which， whom 或 whose。1介詞的選用。“介詞關(guān)系代詞”結(jié)構(gòu)中的介詞可以依據(jù)與從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的搭配、 與先 行詞的搭配或句子意義來(lái)確定。Thi

9、s is the camerawith which he often takes photos. 這就是他經(jīng)常用來(lái)拍照的相機(jī)。 (根據(jù)與先行詞的搭配確定 ) This is the pilot with whom my father has worked for ten years. 這就是和我爸爸一起工作了 10 年的那位飛行員。 (根據(jù)意義搭配確定 ) 名師點(diǎn)津 (1)某些在從句中充當(dāng)時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)或原因狀語(yǔ)的“介詞關(guān)系代詞 ” 可以同關(guān)系副詞 when、where 和 why 互換。I still remember the time whe n(= in which)l was in col

10、lege.我仍然記得我上大學(xué)的那段時(shí)光。This is the hotel where(= in which)they stayed.這就是他們待過(guò)的旅館。This is the reas on why= for which)he left in a hurry.這就是他匆匆離去的原因。(2)有些“動(dòng)詞介詞 ”短語(yǔ)，如 look for，look after，send for，call on，comeacross，long for 等，不可拆開(kāi)把介詞置于關(guān)系代詞之前。The doctor that yo u sent for has not come. 你派人去請(qǐng)的那個(gè)醫(yī)生還沒(méi)有來(lái)。2關(guān)系代詞

11、的選擇 “介詞關(guān)系代詞”既可以引導(dǎo)限制性定語(yǔ)從句， 也可以引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ) 從句。在此結(jié)構(gòu)中，先行詞指人時(shí)關(guān)系代詞用whom,不可用who/that;先行詞指物時(shí)關(guān)系代詞用which，不能用that。This is the stude ntfor whom I bought a book.這就是我給其買(mǎi)書(shū)的那個(gè)學(xué)生。This is the ship by which I went to Sha nghai.這就是我去上海所乘的船。3 “名詞/數(shù)詞/代詞等+介詞of+關(guān)系代詞”結(jié)構(gòu)。有時(shí)“介詞+關(guān)系代 詞”前還會(huì)有名詞、數(shù)詞、代詞等，表示部分、整體、數(shù)量等概念。 The river, the b

12、anks of whichare covered with trees flows to the sea.這條河流入大海，河的兩岸種滿(mǎn)了樹(shù)。 He has three sons two of whom are teachers.他有三個(gè)兒子，其中有兩個(gè)是老師。 Maria has written two novels , both of which have been made into television series.瑪麗亞已經(jīng)寫(xiě)了兩部小說(shuō)，這兩部都被拍成了電視劇。即時(shí)演練2 Scien tists have adva need many theories about why huma

13、n beings cry tears none of which has been proved. Many young people，most of whom were well - educated, headed for remote regi ons to chase their dreams. Is this the car for which you paid a high price?語(yǔ)法應(yīng)用落實(shí)I 單句語(yǔ)法填空1. The valley where the town lies is very beautiful.2. I will never forget the days w

14、hen we stayed together in the countryside.3. He is a teacher of rich experienee from whom much can be learned.4. A ndrew lives alone and enjoys the compa ny of a pet catof which he's grow n so fond.5. The reason why he was late was that something was wrong with his bike on the way.6. The film in

15、.which he played the leading role was a great success.7. The house for which he paid 200 000 yuan is now worth 350，000 yuan.8. The man from whom I got a letter was my brother.9. In our city there are several big public parks _to which many people can go to enjoy the beautiful sce nery.10. This is th

16、e factory that/which I visited last year.n .完成句子1. 愚人節(jié)是人們可以和朋友開(kāi)玩笑的日子。April Fool' s Day is a day on which/when people play jokes on friends.【導(dǎo)學(xué)號(hào)：11132055】2. 1945年是二戰(zhàn)結(jié)束的時(shí)間。The year 1945 was the time in which/when the Second World War was at an end.3. 這附近有沒(méi)有可以買(mǎi)到花的商店？Is there a shop n ear here at wh

17、ich/where I can buy some flowers?4. 我在我們吃午餐的那家餐館里丟了錢(qián)包。I lost my wallet in the restaura nt at which/where we had lunch5. 我不給你寫(xiě)信的原因是我不知道你的地址。The reason for which/why I didn't write to you was that I didn't know your address.6. 你能告訴我你沒(méi)參加他的生日宴會(huì)的原因嗎？Can you tell me the reason for which/why you didn t come to his birthday party?7. 任何人都有不得不屈服的時(shí)候。There are occasi ons whe n/on which one must give in8. 他在當(dāng)?shù)氐囊凰Z(yǔ)法學(xué)校接受教育，之后他