【精品】cet應對策略

1、聽力應對1.對話根據(jù)對話內(nèi)容進行推測是四級聽力考試非常重要的纟r成部分，也是難度較人的一類題型。其 特點是說話人表達思想的方式比較含蓄,往往不能為選擇答案提供直接的信息。這就要求考 生在聽懂對話的基礎上，根據(jù)對話中的關(guān)鍵訶、上下文、說話人的語氣等，利用邏輯推理去 推測說話人的真實意圖、對話發(fā)牛的地點和時間、事件發(fā)牛的原因等。常見的提問形式有： what does the man mean (suggest / indicate / imply) ?what can be inferred from the conversation?what do wc learn from the conve

2、rsation?what can be concluded from the conversation?a 1.從間接回答中推測隱含意義間接回答這樣的題目經(jīng)常在推測題型屮岀現(xiàn)，其特點是，第二個說話人對第一個說話人的提 問不直接回答，而是間接回答，往往給人以答非所問的感覺。例如：m： isn" t that a new brand of typewriter you arc working at?w： oh, bill. that isn' t the first time you' ve asked me about it.q： what does the woman

3、 imply?a. the man is a forgetful person.b the typewriter is not new.c- the man can have the typc-writcr later.d the man misunderstood her對話屮的this isn' tthe first time you' ve asked me about it.意為：你已經(jīng)不h-次問我這個 問題了。言外z意是“我已經(jīng)說過多少次了，你怎么這么健忘?！惫蚀鸢笧閍。2. 推測原因或結(jié)果因果題型是比較容易的一種題型?？忌灰绰犃︻}的常規(guī)方法，即瀏覽選項，預測考點

4、， 細聽原文，對照預測，做出推測去做就可以了。要注意的是，出于禮貌，有時說話人不直接 講出不能做某事的原因，而是先以肯定的形式表示贊同，然后再利用轉(zhuǎn)折詞直接說出原因。 例如：w： why didn, t you make an appointment to see the doctor last week when you first twist your ankle?m： the injury didn，t seem serious them i decided to go today because my foot still hurt when i put my weight on it

5、.q： why didn' t the man see the doctor earlier?a. his injury kept him at home-b he thought it unnecessary-c. he was too weak to see the doctor.d. he failed to make an appointment從四個選項可以推測對話涉到男上沒去醫(yī)牛的原因。女丄問為何沒有看醫(yī)牛，男士回答說當 時以為自己傷得并不嚴重，由此可以推斷b為答案。3. 推測人物職業(yè)身份耍求考生根據(jù)對話提供的信息，推測說話人的職業(yè)、身份、對話雙方的關(guān)系等。關(guān)鍵在于熟 悉對

6、話中常見的表示職業(yè)、身份的特征詞。w: mr. smith, i' d like to talk to you about my term paper. when will it be convenient?m: what about 4 o' clock tomorrow afternoon ?q： what is the man?a. student. b dentist. c teacher. d. librarian.根據(jù)對話中與身份密切相關(guān)的關(guān)鍵詞termpaper （學期論文）可判斷答案為c。4. 從重復詞句中推測真實含義聽力測試中冇時會出現(xiàn)第二說話人重復第一說話人

7、所講的部分詞句的情況。這種情況一般冇 兩種含義:一是speaker 2否定speaker 1的意見；二是speaker 2贊成speaker 1的意見（這 種情況很少）。要判斷是哪種含義，首先要注意重復部分朗讀時的語調(diào)：升調(diào)表示否定；降 調(diào)表示肯定。然后再結(jié)合重復詞后的附加說明所表示的態(tài)度做出結(jié)論。例如：w: would you like acup of coffee to help you wake up?m： a cup of coffee? i need three or four.q： what does the man mean?a. he doesn，t like coffee a

8、t all.b he needs more cups of coffee-c. he willneed coffee in three or four minutes.d. he prefers coffee to tea.對話中重復詞語用的是升調(diào)，說明speaker 2持否定態(tài)度。不過從附加說明看，speaker 2否 定的不是“咖i啡”，而是“一”，故選b。5. 利用對英語國家文化背景的了解進行推斷例如：w： do you have ;janc eyre? i want a copy for my sister" s birthday.m： this book has been

9、out of stock for along time i wonder why it has become popular again q： what does the man want to know?a. when the woman' s birthday is.b who jane eyreis-c. why the book has become popular again d. what is out of stock.如果考生了解jane eyre是一本英國文學名箸并理解out of stock的意義，很容易就可推斷出 答案是c。當然男士的回答“this book”也給

10、了了提示。b. 聽力測試的最?？柬椖恳唬?shù)與計算題“數(shù)字與計算”是早年大學英語四級統(tǒng)考中的聽力測試的最?？柬梼兄?，常見的計算 題包括時間、價格、年齡、距離、速度等。岀題形式可分為計算型、辨認型和替換型。以加 減計算題為主。相關(guān)司匸j表達： more, less, late, early, fast, slow, ahead of schedule, delay, postpone, decrease, bring forward, times, twice, double, a quarter, a half, the day before yesterday, by noon, half

11、an hour【例一】a）$1.40 b） $4.30 c） $6.40 d） s8.60w: here is a tcn-dollar bill. give me two tickets for tonight' s show, pleasem: sure. two tickets and here' s a dollar forty cents changeq: how much does one ticket cost?【例二】a) 5:10. b) 5:00. c) 4:30. d) 5:15.m: i wonder 訐 sue will be here by five

12、 o' clock.w: her husband said she left home at half past fou匚 she should be here at ten after five and a quarter past five at the latest.q: what time did sue leave home? (2001.6/7)二丿職業(yè).身份和相互關(guān)系,這種類型的題h相對比較簡單。首先，四個選擇往往是4種不同職業(yè)或者是表示兩個對 話者之間關(guān)系的詞。如 husband and wife, boss and secretary, librarian and s

13、tudent 或 customer and repairman等。選擇項的特點決定了提問的內(nèi)容。了解這一點后，在聽音過程屮，就可以 把注意力集中到一些關(guān)鍵詞或詞組上，以便作出準判斷。其次，提問的方式比較單一固定。1、常見的提問方式是:what，s the man/ woman?what does the man/ woman do?what' s the man' s /woman' s job/ profession/ occupation?what，s the probable relationship between the man and woman?what&

14、#39; s the probable relationship between the two speakers?在聽音過程中，只需集中注意力聽清對話，根據(jù)對話提供的有效信息，便可以比較快地 作出確選擇。2、相關(guān)詞匯和表達：1、營業(yè)員與顧客(shop assistant and customer)what can i do for you? / on sale/ can i help you? / out of style/ ready-made/ receipt/ check-out stand/ size/ color/ fit/ look round2 飯店服務員與顧客(waiter/

15、 waitress and customer)menu/ seasoning/ order/ treat/ go dutch/ steak/ ham/ bill/ dutch treat/reserve/ make a reservation3>圖書管理員與學生(librarian and student)borrow/ renew/ library card/ library catalogue/ loan desk/ due/ overdue/ fine/ finish reading4、醫(yī)牛與病人(doctor and patient)what" s wrong?/ wh

16、at seems to be the symptom ?/ what' s the matter?/ indigestion/ stomache/ be operated on/ give an injection/ chest pain/ feel worn out5> 教師與學生(teacher and student)tuition/ registration/ required course/ compulsory course/ optional course/ elective course/ drop out/ quit school/ credits/ atten

17、dance/pass course6、空姐與乘客(airhostess nnd passenger)take off/ board/ fasten seatbelt/ land/ depart/ departure time /extinguish cigarettes7、老板與秘書(boss and secretary)copy/ make arrangement/ break down/ inform【例一】a) husband and wife. b) father and daughterc) doctor and patient. d) teacher and student.w:

18、have you found anything wrong with my stomach?m: not yet. i? m still examining. i， 11 let you know the result next week.q: what，s the probable relationship between the man and the woman?【例二】a) a railway porte匚 b) a taxi driver.c) a bus conductor. d) a postal clerk.w: excuse me, sir, v m going to sen

19、d this parcel to london. what，s the postage for it?m: let me see. it，s one pound and fifty.q: who is the woman most probably speaking to?【例三】a) colleagues. c) employer and employee.b) husband and wife. d) mother and son.w: john, what are you doing on your computer? don' t you remember your promi

20、se?m: this is not a game it，s only a cross word puzzle that helps increase my vocabulary.q: what is the probable relationship between the speakers? (2003.1) 三丿因果關(guān)系題提高這類測試題的應試能力，考生必須學會分析選擇項。根據(jù)選擇項特征確定測試的具 體類型。即該題是就原因提問述是就結(jié)果進行提高；同時根據(jù)選擇項中的主語、人稱代詞的 性質(zhì)明確聽音的重點，即是集中注意力聽男聲部分還是女士的談話。就原因提問的測試題, 其選擇項特點較為明顯，通常都由

21、because引導。但也不不少含蓄型的題冃。這類測試題的 選擇項沒有because,不過，只要認真分析一下選擇項的謂語部分也能加以確定?！纠弧縜) he must meet his teacher. b) he must attend a classc) he must go out with his girlfriend. d) he must stay at school to finish his homeworkw: john, do you want to go swimming with me today?m: sure, but i can" t leave now.

22、 i have an appointment with my professor at three o' clock.q: why can' t john go swimming now?【例二】a) he docsn' t enjoy business trips as much as he used to.b) he doesn' t think he is capable of doing the jobc) he thinks the pay is too low to support his familyd) he wants to spend mor

23、e time with his family.w: if i were you, i would have accepted the job.m: i turned down the offer because it would mean frequent business trips away from my family.q: why didn' t the man accept the job? (2000.6/8)四)地點與場所題地點與場所類的題目主要要求考生判斷對話發(fā)牛的地點，或判斷對話中某一方要去的地 方，以判斷第三者所在的位置等。這類測試通常比較簡單，提問的方式比較單一，

24、選擇項特 點明顯，一般四個選擇項都是表示地點狀語的介詞短語。1、常見的提問方式是：where does the conversation most probably take place?where are the two speakers now?where do you think this conversation most probably take place?where is the man/ woman going?where is mary now?2、相關(guān)詞匯和表達：hotel: room service, double room; reservation, front de

25、sk, bathroom reception, single roomrestaurant: menu, steak, order, salad, soft drink, dessert, soup, go dutch, beef, mutton, reservationlibrary: borrow, over-due, lend, fine, renew, catalogue, due, shelf, volumnpost office: mail, parcel, airmail, registered letter, post, postagestore: size, fashion,

26、 color, cash, department, counter, check out, on sale, of the same price, bargainbank: open an account, draw on one' s account, cash a check, current account, fixed deposithospital: fever, pills, cough, tablet, headache, take medicine, stomachache, temperature, prescribeschool: bachelor" s

27、degree, masters degree, doctor，s degree, dormitory, semester, required course, elective/ optional course, credit, examplane: flight, seat belt, take off, land, extinguish cigarettes, boarding.【例一】a) at home b) at the riverside.c) at the health center. d) at his officem: hello, this is john hopkins a

28、t the riverside health center. 1 d like to speak to mr. jones w: t m sorry, m匚 hopkins, my husband isn' t at home but i can give you his office phone number. he won' t be back until 6 o' clock.q: where does mrs. jones think her husband is now?【例二】a) in a bank. b) in a school.c) in a clot

29、hing store d) in a barbershop.w: you seem very confident about the job interview, don' t you?m: yes, i feel ready for it. i bought a good suit in the clothing store i had my hair cut. i have studied almost everything about finance and economicsq: where is the man probably going to work? (2002.1)

30、【例三】a) at a booking office b) in a hong kong hotel.c) on a busy street. d) at an airport.w: can i help you, sir?m: yes. can you show me the way to gate 9 for flight 901 to hong kong? i，m quite confused hereq: where does the conversation most probably take place? (2001.1) 五)態(tài)度與反應題涉及的主要是對話中男女雙方對某人某事的法

31、。主要測試考生分析判斷能力。四個選擇 項都有比較明顯的特點,即選擇項中往往出現(xiàn)表示人的悄感或態(tài)度的動詞或形容詞等。如:be afraid, think, believe, feel, like等。另外，在選擇項中常會出現(xiàn)表明人的喜、怒、哀、樂等情 感的形容詞，如：excited, bored等。有時也會出現(xiàn)描述事物性質(zhì)的詞，如：big, small, cheap 等。常見的提問方式冇：what does the man/ woman think of-?what' s their opinion of*?how did the man /woman feel about*?how di

32、d the man / woman feel?值得提醒的是，聽力測試中還有一種特殊現(xiàn)象。対話中的另一方（第二個說話的人）并 不直接說出口己的看法，1佃是用also, too, neither, either, so, the same來表明口己的態(tài)度。在 這種情況下，就必須聽清第一個人的講話并準確理解其態(tài)度，只有這樣才能作出正確選擇。【例一】a）on the whole, she liked the film.b）she didn' t see the film.c）the film was very exciting.d）the film wasn' t as good as

33、 she" d expectedm: did you like the film?w: not particularly. i was rather disappointedr d expected it to be much more excitingq: what can we learn from this conversation?【例二】a）he wishes to have more courses like i匸b）he finds it hard to follow the teacher.c）he wishes the teacher would talk more

34、.d）he doesn' t like the teacher" s accent.w: you took an optional course this semester, didn' t you? how is it going?m: terrible! it seems like the more the professor talks, the less i understand.q: how did the man feel about the course? （2002.6）【例三】a）the man went to the concert ,but th

35、e woman didn't b）the woman went to the concert .but the man didn't c）the speakers did not go to the concert.d）both speakers went to the concertm: you didn? t go to the concert last night either, did you?w: no, i had a slight headache.q: what can we learn from this conversation? （1991.6/4）tw肯

36、定與否定題聽力測試題有很多對話常通過某種否定形式來表示肯定含義，或是利用肯定形式表示否 定意義。其冃的是考查學生的快速反應能力和基礎知識掌握的程度。1、常見的以否定形式表示肯定意義的結(jié)構(gòu)有：cannot wait+不定武或can hardly wait+不定式（急于，迫切希望）；cannot與much （或too, enough, sufficiently, over,構(gòu)成的合成詞）連用（無論怎么也不為過）;cannot help doing （禁不?。籧annot but do （不得不，必然）；cannot help but do （不得不）；have no choice/ altern

37、ative but to do （除做外無選擇，非做不rl ）； nothing but （只有，只不過）；另外，還 可以通過各種比較結(jié)構(gòu)來表示肯定含義，最常用的: nothing less than （和模一樣，完全是）；more a than b 說是b,不如說是a或是a而不是b）； less a than b（與其說是 a,不如說是b或是b而不是a）； not so much a as b （是b而不是a）； a not soas b （a比b），表達的正好是原結(jié)構(gòu)中形容詞或副詞的反義。2、常見的以肯定表示否定的意義的有：anything but （根木不）；used to （過去常常，

38、是對現(xiàn)在的情況的否定，說明現(xiàn)在已不這 樣做）；too-to-（太以致不，這一結(jié)構(gòu)的不定式表示否定意義）；prefer-to-（該短語 否定的是介詞短語部分，表示“不喜歡或不會做”等)；would rather-than (寧愿而不， 這一結(jié)構(gòu)否定的是than后的動詞，would-*-rather than與其用法和同。)【例】a) she is going to give up biology.b) she spends half of her time on biology.c) to her, biology is difficult, but math is not.d) to her,

39、 math is even more difficult than biology.m: what do you think of biology?w: it' s given me a hard time, though it is not as difficult as math.q: what can we learn about the woman?【例二】a) she is eager to know what the present is.b) she is not anxious to know what it is.c) she doesn' t now wha

40、t she is asked to wait for.d) she really doesn' t care about the present.m: what did your parents buy you for your birthday?w: i don' t know. but i can hardly wait to see it.q: what does the woman mean?七)計劃與行動題行動類題是四級聽力測試中最常見的題型之一。題量較大。1、某人計劃或打算做什么。選擇項常以動詞原形或動詞不定式形式出現(xiàn)；也冇以句子 形式出現(xiàn)的選擇項，這類選擇項的謂語

41、部分常出現(xiàn)will, be going或be to。解題吋，應首先 根據(jù)選擇項確定提問的對象，即男丄還是女丄計劃或準備去做某事，這樣聽音時就可以集中 注意力去聽相關(guān)部分，尤其是謂語動詞?！纠}】a) look for a more expensive hotel.b) go to another hotel by busc) try to find a quiet place.d) take a walk around the city.w: i don' t think we can find a better hotel around here at this time.m: le

42、t，s walk a little further to see 訐 there is another one. i just can' t bear the traffic noise here.q: what will the speakers most probably do?2、某人正在做什么。選擇項通常是動詞的ing形式。有時也會出現(xiàn)句子，但具謂語動 詞都是進行時的形式。這類測試題的提問方式比較單一，一般部是what' s the man/ woman doing now?或what are they doing now?這種類型的測試往往比較簡單，只要集中注意力聽清

43、 對話中的謂語動詞基本都能作出正確的判斷?！纠}】a) looking for a young lady.b) looking for her wrist watch.c) looking for a young gentleman.d) looking for a man wearing a wrist watch.w: excuse me, sir, but have you seen a young gentleman looking for his wrist watch?m: a young man, madam?q: what' s the woman doing?3、某人

44、提出去做什么。這類測試中，對話中的一方針対另一方提出的要求或建議，主 動提供幫助。試題的選擇項通簾為動詞原形或動詞不定式。解題時，通常要集屮注意力聽清 楚對話中第二個人的談話，特別是謂語動詞?！纠}】a) go out to work. b) listen carefully to john.c) be calm and patient. d) do the easiest thingw: t m really angry at john. he never listens to mem: take it easy, alan. things will work out.q: what doe

45、s the man advise alan to do?a)推理判斷題推理判斷是英語四級聽力測試屮最常見的題型之一，難度較人。因為說話人表達思想的 方法比較含蒂，不能為選擇書答案提供直接的倍息，這就要求考生利用語音語調(diào)和邏輯推理 的思維過程來判斷對話的內(nèi)在含義，領(lǐng)會說話人的真實意圖。聽力理解不但要聽懂具體的話 語，而且要能聽懂隱含的意義，能判斷講話人的意圖等。這類題型在近兒年的考試中題雖大，而且冇增加的趨勢。【例一】a) jane is looking for a summer job. b) jane is packing for the summer vacation.c) jane is

46、 on her way home d) jane is eager to go home for the vacation.m: is jane looking forward to going home for the summer?w: she is counting the daysq: what does the woman imply? (1999.6/7)【例二】a) go on with the gameb) draw pictures on the computer.c) review his lessonsd) have a good rest.w: mark is play

47、ing computer gamem: should he do that when the final exam is drawing near?q: what does the man think mark should do? (2002.6)【例三】a) the exam was easier than the previous oneb) joe is sure that he will do better in the next exam.c) joe probably failed in the examd) the oral part of the exam was easie

48、r than the written part.w: listen to me, joe the exam is already a thing of the past. just forget about it.m: that" s easier said than doneq: what can we infer from the conversation? (2003.1)【例四】a) the man is usually the last to hand in his test paper.b) the man has made a mess of his midterm e

49、xam.c) the man has bad study habits.d) the man is a diligent student.m: t m exhausted i stayed up the whole night studying for my midterm math examw: but why do you always wait until the last minute?q: what does the woman imply? (2004.1)c.常見難句一、形肯定意否定的句型：1 i'd like to / i'd love to, but. 表否定

50、,重點放在 but 后。如：the students' english club is having a party on saturday night. can you come?i would like to, but 1 work at a restaurant on weekends. （1990 年 1 月）乂如：一shall we eat in the school dining-room tonight?一i'd like to, but the western food doesn't agree with me. let's go to a c

51、hineserestaurant for a change.2、使用虛擬語氣的句子。在很多四級聽力考試試題當屮，經(jīng)常采用虛擬語氣，這些句子形 式上是肯定的，但往往表達一種“本應該，本可以（卻沒有），希望”的情緒，放在一定的 語言環(huán)境中表否定。而這一點也是考生常忽略的，要特別注意。如：一if the traffic wasn't so bad, i could have been home by 6： 00.what a pity! john was here to see you. （1990年1月）（意思是如果早到家的話，就可以見 到約翰了，但是事實是因為交通堵塞，沒能及時回家）乂如

52、：一do you like physics?well, i wish it were interesting.（意思、是事實上物理一點也沒冇趣）i need a bike today, but mine has a flat tyre.i'm sorry to hear that. i would have lent you 訐 bill hadn't taken it away.（意思是不能借 給你）3、i'm sorry,. o這種彳u型是委婉的否定，其后一般接原因。如：一hello, may i speak to john smith, please?i'

53、m sorry, nobody by that name works here. （1990 年 1 月）（意思是說沒有叫約翰史密斯 的人）4、由形容詞last構(gòu)成的特殊句型。這種結(jié)構(gòu)的面意思是“是最后一個”，但真正的意思 是“是最不可能的”。如：would you like to go mountain climbing with us?that's the last thing in the world i want to do.（字面意思是爬ill是這i比界上我最后想的事,反過來講就是根木不想去爬山）i heard tom was the man who robbed mr. s

54、mith's house.一but i think he is the last one to do such a thing.（意思是根本不可能做這件事）5、anything but旬型。此句型在四級考試中語法與結(jié)構(gòu)部分考過，如果出現(xiàn)在聽力理解部分, 應該來說比較難，但是如果我們掌握了的基本意思邛余以外的任何事物”或“根本不”, 并在聽的過程中多加小心的話，還是可以做對的。如：everyone is helping out with dinner. could you make the soup?一anything but that.（意思是我不吋能做湯）6、由一些特殊短語構(gòu)成的句型

55、。這種短語很多，因此就需要學生平時不斷地積累，這里筆 者舉兩個短語為例：you're not much of a rock and roll fan, are you?it's far from being my favorite kind of music, that's for sure.（這里的 be far from 短語意思是“遠非”，可理解為“這根本不是我所喜歡的音樂”）can you possibly lend me $ lountil pay-day?it's out of the question.（這里整個對話的理解就取決丁對out of t

56、he question這個短語的理 解，而通過以往的知識我們知道它的意思是“不可能的”，因此這里應理解為“我不可能借 給你”。）二、形否定意肯定的句型：1> why don't you / why not. ?這種句型相對來說比較簡單，意思是"為什么不？ ”，但 我們還是應該注意它真正表達的是一個肯定概念，即“建議做某事”。如：一john, i don't know what to get for your father he has just about everything, doesn't he?do you have any suggestion

57、s?why don't you get him a pocket calculator? （1990 年 6 月）2 do you mind. ?問句的回答用no, of course not.或者not at all. o雖然字面上是否 定的，而且也理解為“不介意”，但考慮到具體的語境，通常都應理解為肯定的，意思是對 方可以做其想做的。如：一do you mind if i borrow your note?no, of course not. they are on my desk. （1994 年 1 月）（從側(cè)面講可以使用）3、not. until.句型。此句型一般都應理解為“

58、直到才”,因此是肯定的。如：一when can the doctor see me ?一he won't be free until tomorrow. （1995年1月）（意思是直到明天才能見你）4a not. more / better構(gòu)成的特殊句型。此句型意思是不可能有比這樣更好的悄況發(fā)生了，反過來講就是指這樣很好，說者對此表示 贊許，所以此句型仍然表示的是肯定意思。如：i think it's high time we turned our attention to the danger of drunk driving now.一i can't agree with you more. you see countless innocent people are killed by drunk drivers e