高考英語主語從句講解

1、學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載高考英語主語從句定義 ：用作主語的從句叫主語從句，它是名詞性從句之一。引導(dǎo)主語從句的連接詞有：從屬連詞 : that, whether；連接代詞 : who (whoever), whom, whose, what (whatever)連接副詞 : when, where, how和 why 。連接詞 ：主語從句的 時(shí)態(tài)：不受主句的時(shí)態(tài)影響和限制和 which (whichever)；。1. 從屬連詞： that ， whether1）that 引導(dǎo)主語從句只起引導(dǎo)作用，在主語從句中不充當(dāng)任何成分，that 本身無實(shí)際意義， 但不能省略。2） whether 意為 “是否 ”，

2、放在句首句末皆可。由whether引導(dǎo)的名詞從句做主語，表語，介詞賓語，同位語時(shí)！不可用if 代替。a.That price will go up is certain.b. Whether they would support us was a problem.他們是否會支持我們還是一個(gè)問題。2. 連接代詞who，what， which, whatever,whichever,whoever (Who, whom, which, what可以和ever 構(gòu)成合成詞，和what 一樣引導(dǎo)從句，ever 起到強(qiáng)調(diào)作用。此類主語從句不能用形式主語it 引導(dǎo)，它們在句子中擔(dān)任成分，不能省略，語序?yàn)殛?/p>

3、述語序， 既有疑問含義,又起連接作用,同時(shí)在從句中充當(dāng)各種成分。Which side will win is not clear.Whoever breaks the law will be punished.Whatever he did is right.Who killed the scientist remains a question.1 ） What 和 that 引導(dǎo)的主語從句的區(qū)別：that只起引導(dǎo)作用，不充當(dāng)任何成分，沒有意思。起引導(dǎo)作用，還要充當(dāng)一定成分(主語、賓語或表語)，意思是： “什么 ”。What不僅What we need is money.That he wil

4、l come is certain.2 ） whatever / whoever的用法（ ever=no matter -讓步狀語從句中）whatever / whoever可以引導(dǎo)主語從句,并在句中作主語、賓語、表語等,不含疑問意義。whatever相當(dāng)于 anything that; whoever相當(dāng)于 anyone who 。例如 :3. 連接副詞when ， where ， how ， why 等。既有疑問含義,又起連接作用 ,同時(shí)在從句中充當(dāng)各種成分。How this happened is not clear to anyone.When he will be back depe

5、nds on the weather.When we ll start tomorrow will be told soon.Where the test will be given is not yet decided.4. 主語從句后置 ：為了避免主語冗長 , 句子頭重腳輕 ,經(jīng)常用 it 作形式主語 ,主語從句放在后面作真正的主語 .例 : That we shall be late is certain.- It s certain that we shall be late.1）用 it 作形式主語的結(jié)構(gòu)A.It + be +形容詞+that從句(obvious, true, sur

6、prising, good, wonderful, funny, possible, likely, certain, probable, etc.)如：It is certain that she will do well in her exam.B.It + be +名詞詞組+ that從句(an honour, a fact, a pity, etc）如：It is a pity/shame that.遺憾的是 It is a surprise that令人驚奇的是It is a fact that 是事實(shí)It is common knowledge that 是常識It sapity

7、that wecantgo.C.It + be +過去分詞+ that從句(said, reported, thought, expected, decided, announced, etc如：It is said that Mr. Green has arrived in Beijing.D.It +不及物動詞或短語+ that從句( seem ，happen, doesntmatter ,turn out） 。如：It happened that I was out that day.It doesntmatter whether she will come or not.2) 對于以連

8、接代詞(副詞 )引導(dǎo)的主語從句,可以使用形式主語代主語從句,也可直接在句首使用主語從。）學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載句：a. Whether they would support us was a problem.b. It was a problem whether they would support us.3 ）主語從句中的否定前移當(dāng)用 it 作形式主語 ,而將主語從句放在句尾時(shí),主語從句中的否定詞常要前移至主句中。例如:It doesn t seem that they are from the same university.It doesn t appear that we ll have a

9、 sunny day tomorrow.5. 注意：1）主語從句在句首時(shí)，必須由連接詞引導(dǎo)，不能省略這些連接詞。誤： They should like each other is natural.正：That they should like each other is natural.2）在It + be + suggested/advised/ordered/requested/ insisted/required中, that 從句的謂語也應(yīng)該用“ should + 動詞原形 ”的形式 , should 有時(shí)可以省略。主語從句中用陳述語序,后面的謂語動詞用第三人稱單數(shù) . It is s

10、uggested that we (should) do the experiment a second time.3) . 用于It is important / natural / necessary / impossible that.句型中 , 主語從句應(yīng)使用虛擬語氣, 用“ should + 動詞原形 ”的形式 , should有時(shí)可以省略。It is important and necessary that we (should) keep the balance of nature.4） “ what引”導(dǎo)主語從句時(shí)，謂語動詞：常與其后的名詞作表語一致，且根據(jù)句子的語境而定。eg

11、 ：What you left are only several old books.What you said is of great importance.5）在 It is funny, strange, surprising, a pity, a shame, no wonder, etc. + that從句中，有時(shí)謂語部分用should +動詞原形，來表達(dá)說話者的感情色彩，此時(shí)should 也可省略。6）語氣"It be + adj./n. + that-clause"與強(qiáng)調(diào)句型均有It be.that. 之類的語言標(biāo)志,但不同的是 :前者中的that 從句是主語

12、從句.若刪掉其中的It be 和 that, 則剩余部分不論結(jié)構(gòu)還是語意都不能成為一個(gè)句子;但若將后者中的 It be 和 that 去掉 ,則剩余部分的結(jié)構(gòu)和語意仍能構(gòu)成一個(gè)完整的句子.強(qiáng)調(diào)句型譯為漢語時(shí)可加上"正是 "或 "就是 "之類的字眼 ,而主語從句則不可以.It is surprising that Mary should have won first place.令人驚奇的是瑪莉竟然獲得了第一名.It is Mary that has won first place.正是瑪莉得了第一名.【強(qiáng)調(diào)】6. 主語從句的規(guī)律：例 1.When wil

13、l he come is not known.正： When he will come is not known.規(guī)律一、主語從句一律用陳述語序，即主語在前，謂語在后。例 2. He will not come to the meeting this evening is true.正： That he will not come to the meeting this evening is true.規(guī)律二、連詞that在從句中無實(shí)際意義，但不能省略。例 3. If the meeting will be put off has not been decided yet.正： Whether

14、 the meeting will be put off has not been decided yet.規(guī)律三、 whether可以引導(dǎo)主語從句，放在句首，但if 不能例 4. That whether he will help others is a fact.正： That he will help others is a fact.規(guī)律四、主語從句中的連詞不能重疊使用。例 5. When he will come are a puzzle.正： When he will come is a puzzle.規(guī)律五、含主語從句的主句謂語動詞多用單數(shù)第三人稱形式。1. What he ne

15、eds is that book.2. What he needs are some books.規(guī)律六、 what引導(dǎo)的主語從句，可根據(jù)表語決定主句動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式。規(guī)律七、主語從句為了避免頭重腳輕現(xiàn)象，用it做形式主語，而把從句放在后面。That the earth turns around the sun is known to all.It is known to all that the earth turns around the sun.1.what / that學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載a._ he said at the meeting surprised us.b._ he turn

16、ed up at the meeting surprised us.2. if / whether_you go or stay at home won t make any differences.3.itWhat a pity _is _you didn t arrive by daylight.A. there, becauseB. it, thatC. he, whenD. that, for4.no matter how/who/what/where/whenWe are ready to do _ the country wants us to do.A. whatB. which

17、C. no matter whatD. whatever5.It is a pity that you (should) miss such a good chance._ he made an important speech at the meeting was true.A. ThatB. WhyC. WhatD.How6. _we ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather .A IfB WhetherC ThatD Where7._ is known to us all is that America is a developed co

18、untry .AWhichBAsCWhatDIt8. It s known to us all _ a form of energy .A. water isB. that water isC. is waterD. that water to9. It worried her a bit _ her hair was turning gray.A. whetherB.thatC. whatD. when10.What I say and think _ none of your business.A. isB.areC. hasD have11. _ his dream of going t

19、o college will come true is uncertain.ThatB. WhetherC. IfD. Even if12. It is known to us _ where there is pollution, there is harm.A. whichB. whereC. whatD. that13. - I saw your neighbor break your window with a basketball.- _ it made me nearly mad.A. That he brokeB. What he brokeC. He brokeD. His b

20、reak14.It remains a question _ we can get so much money in such a short time.A.howB. thatC. whenD. what15.He made a promise _ anyone set him free he would make him very rich.A. thatB. ifC. whatD. that if16.They lost their way in the forest and _ made matters worse was _ night began to fall.A. what;

21、thatB. it; thatC. what; whenD. which; what17. _that they found an unusual plant in the forest.A. It is said B. They are said C. It said D. It says18. _ caused the accident is still a complete mystery.A. What B. That C. How D. Where19. It worried Mary a lot _ she would pass the college entrance exami

22、nation.A. whether B. if C. that D. how20. _ is no possibility _ Bob will win the first prize in the match.A. There, that B. It, that C. There, whether D. It, whether21. _surprised me most was _such a little girl of seven could play the violin so well.A. That; what B. What; that C. That; that D. What

23、; what22. _ helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising.A. Who B. Anyone C. Whoever D. The person學(xué)習(xí)必備歡迎下載23 . _ she couldn t understand was _ fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons.A. What; why B. That; why C. What; because D. Why; that24. It was _ he said _ disappointed me.A

24、. What; that B. That; that C. What; what D. That;what25. _ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.A. There B. This C. That D. It26. _leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights. A. Anyone B. The person C. Whoever D. Who27._ makes mistakes must correctthem.A. What

25、 B. That C. Whoever D. Whatever28. Is this factoryyou visited the other day?A. that B. where C. in which D. the one29.When and why he came here _ yet.A. is not known B. are not knownC. has not known D. have not known30. _ is no reason for dismissing her.A. Because she was a few minutes lateB. Owing

26、to a few minutes lateC. The fact that she was a few minutes lateD. Being a few minutes late31. _ Tom liked to eat was different from _.A. That that you had expected B. What that you had expectedC. That what you had expected D. What what you had expected32._ we go swimming every day _ us a lot of good.A. If.do B. That.do C. If.does D. That.does33.It _ Bob drives badly.A. thinks thatB. is thought whatC. thought thatD. is thought that34.It's uncertain _ the experiment is worth doing.35._ the boy didn't take medicine made his mother an