《八年級英語上冊 Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation短語、語法知識點(diǎn)匯總 （新版）人教新目標(biāo)版（通用）》

1、unit 1 where did you go on vacation一、必背單詞短語。1.相當(dāng)多quite a few2.大部分時(shí)間most of the time3.記日記keep a diary4.買特別的東西buy something special5.遇見有趣的人meet someone interesting6.做有趣的事情do something interesting7.拍了相當(dāng)多的照片take quite a few photos8.決定做某事decide to do sth.9.到達(dá)（+大地點(diǎn)）arrive in10.做一個(gè)決定make a decision11.盡力做某事

2、try to do sth12.嘗試做某事try doing sth13.盡某人最大努力做try ones best to do sth.14.感受到，覺得feel like15.想要做某事（feel）feel like doing16.在過去in the past17.開始做某事start/begin to do/doing18.由于+n./pron./v-ingbecause of19.等待wait for20.足夠的錢enough money21另外兩個(gè)小時(shí)another two hours22.如此以至于sothat23.與不同be different from24.與相同the sa

3、me as25.與相同the same as【教材知識點(diǎn)總結(jié)】section a1. where did you go on vacation? (p. 1)on vacation意為“在度假”，結(jié)構(gòu)“on+名詞”表示“在某種狀態(tài)中”。例句：my family went to hainan on vacation last year.2. .visited my uncle (p. 1)visit此處用作及物動詞，后接人或物做賓語，意為“拜訪、看望”，后接表示地點(diǎn)的名詞，意為“參觀、游覽”。例句：i visited my grandmother last week.例句：do you want

4、 to visit shanghai?3. .go with anyone? (p. 2)(1) anyone用作不定代詞，意為“有人、任何人”，相當(dāng)于anybody，用于疑問句和否定句中， 在肯定句中用someone或者somebody。但是anyone也可以用在肯定句中，表示“任何一個(gè)人”。例句：did you meet anyone friendly in that city?例句：anyone can be helpful in some way.(2) anyone只能指人，不可以指物，后面不接of短語；any one既可以指人也可以指物，后可接of短語。 例句：you can as

5、k any one of us about this question.4. .buy anything special? (p. 2)(1) buy用作雙賓語動詞，表示“買”，常用的結(jié)構(gòu)為“buy sb. sth.”或者“buy sth. for sb.”，表示“為某人買某物”。例句：my father bought me a bike.=my father bought a bike for me.【拓展】可接雙賓語的動詞還有g(shù)ive, bring, show, tell, sell等。give sb. sth.=give sth. to sb. 給某人某物bring sb. sth.=b

6、ring sth. to sb. 把某物帶給某人show sb. sth.=show sth. to sb. 給某人看某物tell sb. sth.=tell sth. to sb. 告訴某人某物sell sb. sth.=sell sth. to sb. 把某物賣給某人(2) 形容詞修飾復(fù)合不定代詞（something/body/one, anything/body/one, nothing/body/one, everything/body/one）時(shí)，放在復(fù)合不定代詞后面。例句：i have _ _ (一些重要的事情) to tell you.5. we took quite a few

7、 photos there. (p. 2)take photos意為“拍照、照相”，take a photo/photos of sb./sth.意為“給拍照”。例句：we _(take) many photos on the great wall last year.例句：could you _( take) a photo of us?6. i just stayed at home most of the time to read and relax. (p. 2)most of表示“中大多數(shù)”，后接可數(shù)名詞或者不可數(shù)名詞，作主語時(shí)，謂語動詞單復(fù)數(shù)取決于后面所接名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。例句：mos

8、t of the food _(go) bad.例句：most of us _(be) going to the park.7. no, i bought nothing. (p. 3)nothing用作不定代詞，表示“沒有任何東西”，相當(dāng)于not anything。例句：i did nothing special last month.=i didnt do _ special last month.8. did everyone have a good time? (p. 3)have a good time表示“玩得開心”，后接動詞ing，表示“做某事很開心”，have a good t

9、ime相當(dāng)于enjoy oneself/have fun。例句：we had a good time at the party. =we enjoyed ourselves at the party.=we had fun at the party.9. how did you like it? (p. 3)how do you like.?意為“你認(rèn)為怎么樣”，相當(dāng)于how do you feel about.?或者what do you think of.?例句：-how do you _ the film? -wonderful.-a. think of b. like10. did y

10、ou go shopping? (p. 3)go shopping表示“去購物、去買東西”，相當(dāng)于do some shopping。類似的短語還有：go swimming, go skating, go fishing, go hiking, go boating, go camping等。i went shopping and bought something for my parents.11. of course! (p. 3)of course意為“當(dāng)然”，相當(dāng)于sure或者certainly。例句：-may i borrow your dictionary?例句：-of course

11、!12. still no one seemed to be bored. (p. 3)(1) seem用作系動詞，表示“似乎、好像”，常用的結(jié)構(gòu)有：seem+adj./to be/that+句子。例句：the story _(seem) true.例句：what he said seemed _(be) a lie.例句：it _(seem) that they are going to pull down the house.(2) bored表示“感到厭倦的”，用來說明人的感受；boring表示“令人厭煩的、單調(diào)的”，用來說明事物的特征。例句：the film was so boring

12、 that almost anyone felt bored.【拓展】以ed結(jié)尾的形容詞，通常用來修飾或者描述人，以ing結(jié)尾的動詞，通常用來修飾或者描述物，類似的形容詞還有：interesting/interested; exciting/excited; surprising/surprised。section b1. what activities do you find enjoyable? (p. 5)(1) find這里表示“發(fā)現(xiàn)、覺得”，賓語后常接賓語補(bǔ)足語，常用的結(jié)構(gòu)有：find sb./sth+n./adj./doing sth./介詞短語。例句：the students f

13、ind _(she) a kind teacher.例句：i find the book _(use).例句：when i passed his house, i found his wife _(cook).例句：finally, they found the boy in the tree.(2) enjoyable是enjoy的形容詞形式，表示“有趣的、令人愉快的”。例句：im sure that we will have an enjoyable vacation.例句：the job is enjoyable and i like it.2. i arrived in penang

14、in malaysia this morning with my family. (p. 5)arrive作不及物動詞，表示“到達(dá)”，接賓語時(shí)，需要加上介詞in或者at。例句：when did you arrive?例句：we are arriving at the station at two oclock. 【拓展】reach表示“到達(dá)”時(shí)，是及物動詞，后面直接接表示地點(diǎn)的名詞作賓語。另外兩個(gè)表示“到達(dá)”的動詞（get和arrive）都是不及物動詞，get to+地點(diǎn)；arrive in/at+地點(diǎn)。3. .so we decided to go to the beach near our

15、 hotel. (p. 5)例句：decide表示“決定”時(shí)，常用的結(jié)構(gòu)為：decide to do sth.“決定做某事”。例句：the government decided to build another school in this village.4. my sister and i tried paragliding. (p. 5)try doing sth. “嘗試做某事”；try to do sth. “盡力做某事”。例句：the doctor tries to save the sick girl.例句：the boy tried playing the piano.【拓展】

16、try也可以用作名詞，表示“嘗試”，have a try表示“嘗試一下”。im going to have a try.5. i felt like i was a bird. (p. 5)feel like此處表示“感覺像”，后接從句。he feels like he is swimming.【拓展】feel like還可以表示“想要”，后接名詞、代詞或者動名詞做賓語，feel like doing sth.=would like to do sth.=want to do sth.do you feel like _(go) out for a walk with me?=would yo

17、u like _(go) out for a walk with me?=do you want _(go) out for a walk with me?6. there are a lot of new buildings now.(p. 5)a lot of相當(dāng)于lots of表示“許多”，可以用來修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)或者不可數(shù)名詞。there is a lot of rain in summer in this place.【拓展】只修飾不可數(shù)名詞的量詞有：a little, little, a great deal of, much, too much只修飾可數(shù)名詞的量詞有：a few,

18、 few, several, many, too many, a number of既可以修飾不可數(shù)名詞也可以修飾可數(shù)名詞的量詞有：some, any, a lot of, lots of, plenty of7. i wonder what life was like here in the past. (p. 5)wonder表示“好奇、想知道”，后接whether/if, what, who, why等引導(dǎo)賓語從句。例句：i wonder what they are doing now.例句：i wonder if you can help me.8. i really enjoyed

19、walking around the town. (p. 5)enjoy用作及物動詞，表示“喜歡”，后接名詞、代詞或者動名詞做賓語。例句：do you enjoy music?例句：i dont enjoy sleeping with the window open.9. what a difference a day makes! (p. 5)本句是what引導(dǎo)的感嘆句，what引導(dǎo)的感嘆句常用的結(jié)構(gòu)有：“what+a/an+形容詞+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞+主語+謂語”或者“what+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)/不可數(shù)名詞+主語+謂語”。例句：多么漂亮的一朵花呀！_例句：它們是多么有趣的書?。例句：多大的

20、雪??！_【拓展】how引導(dǎo)的感嘆句的結(jié)構(gòu)為“how+形容詞/副詞+主語+謂語”。例句：how beautiful the bird is!例句：how fast mary runs!10. we wanted to walk up to the top, but then it started raining a little so we decided to take the train. (p. 5)(1) want表示“想要”時(shí)，為及物動詞，后接不定式作賓語或者用于句型“want sb. to do sth.”中，表示“想要某人做某事”。例句：they dont want to thro

21、w away the old furniture.例句：she wants her parents to pay for the car.(2) start后常接名詞、動詞不定式或者動名詞作賓語，用法相當(dāng)于begin。例句：when shall we start the meeting?例句：lets start discussing/to discuss about the next problem.11. we waited over an hour for the train because there are too many people. (p. 5)(1) wait for sb

22、./sth.“等待某人或者某事”；wait to do sth.“等待做某事”；cant wait to do sth.“迫不及待做某事”例句：we are waiting for the result of the exam. 例句：all the passengers are waiting to get on the bus.例句：the children cant wait to rush out after the class is over.(2) over此處表示“多于、超過”，相當(dāng)于_。例句：my father is over 40 years old.(3) too much

23、, much too和too many辨析too much太多（的）用作形容詞，修飾不可數(shù)名詞i have too much homework to do.用作副詞，修飾動詞dont eat too much.much too太用作副詞，修飾形容詞和副詞the picture is much too beautiful.too many太多的用作形容詞，修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)the little boy has too many questions to ask.12. and because of the bad weather, we couldnt see anything below. (p

24、. 5)(1) because of意為“因?yàn)?、由于”，后接名詞、代詞或者動名詞，because是連詞，引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句，后接一個(gè)句子。例句：he is late for school _ the bad weather.例句：=he is late for school _ the weather is bad.(2) below表示“在以下、低于”，反義詞是above，意為“在之上，超過”。例句：it was five degrees below zero last night.13. my father didnt bring enough money.(p. 5)(1) bring表示

25、“帶來”，強(qiáng)調(diào)從別的地方帶到說話的地方，常與副詞here連用；take表示“帶走”，強(qiáng)調(diào)從說話的地方帶去別的地方，常與副詞there連用；carry表示“搬、抬”，沒有方向性。the students brought their homework to school in the morning and take them home after school.(2) enough可以用作形容詞，表示“足夠的、充分的”，用來修飾名詞，可以放在名詞前面，也可以放在名詞后面。例句：the rich man has enough money.例句：=the rich man has money eno

26、ugh.【拓展】enough還可以用作副詞，修飾形容詞或者副詞，放在形容詞或者副詞后面，常用的結(jié)構(gòu)為：be +adj.+enough+to do sth.“足夠能夠做某事”。例句：the boy is _(足夠年長) to go to school.例句：the father works_(足夠努力) for his family.14. well, but the next day was not as good. (p. 5)當(dāng)我們要表示雙方某方面(如年齡、身高等)程度相同或不同時(shí)，常用asas或not asas結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“和一樣”或“和不一樣”。如：例句：mary is as _ as

27、linda瑪麗和琳達(dá)一樣仔細(xì)。例句：he does not run as _ as tom他跑步?jīng)]有湯姆快。15. .because we forgot to bring an umbrella. (p. 6)forget to do sth.“忘記做某事”，強(qiáng)調(diào)忘記去做某事，實(shí)際上也沒有做；forget doing sth.“忘記做過某事”，強(qiáng)調(diào)已經(jīng)做過某事，但是忘記了。例句：he forgot _(take) the message to his friend. 他忘記給朋友發(fā)短信了。例句：dont forget _(lock) the door when you leave. 臨走別忘鎖

28、門。例句：dont you forget _(meet) me in the street yesterday? 難道你不記得昨天從大街上見到我了嗎？16. why not? (p. 8)why not意為“為什么”，表示提出建議，后接動詞原形，相當(dāng)于why dont you.?例句：why not go to the party with me?例句：=why dont you go to the party with me?17. everyone in our class took a bag with some food and water. (p. 8)with此處表示“具有、帶有”

29、，還可以表示“和在一起”或者“用”。例句：i often go to school with my friends.例句：cut the apple with a knife.18. my legs were so tired that i wanted to stop. (p. 8)so.that.意為“如此以至于”，用來引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句，so是副詞，后面接形容詞或者副詞。例句：our school is so beautiful that everyone likes it.例句：he runs so fast that no one can catch up with him.【拓展】s

30、uch.that.引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句，表示“如此以至于”，such后面接名詞短語，名詞前經(jīng)常跟有形容詞進(jìn)行修飾。例句：he is such a smart boy that we all like him.例句：they are such experienced workers that they will solve the problem soon.19. my classmates told me to keep going, so i went on. (p. 8)(1) tell sb. to do sth.“告訴某人做某事”，tell sb. not to do sth.“告訴某人不

31、要做某事”。例句：the teacher told us to clean the windows.例句：i told him not to draw on the wall.(2) keep doing sth.表示“繼續(xù)做某事、一直做某事”例句：she kept watching tv for two hours last night.(3) go on表示“繼續(xù)”，go on to do sth.表示“（完成一件事后）接著做另一件事”，go on doing sth./go on with sth.意為“繼續(xù)做同一件事”。例句：she went on to become a doctor

32、.例句：you cant go on working without any rest.例句：we will go on with the discussion tomorrow.20. everyone jumped up and down in excitement. (p. 8)up and down表示“上上下下、來來回回”。例句：they looked up and down.例句：he walks up and down in the room. 21. twenty minutes later, the sun started to come up. (p. 8)come up意為“升起、發(fā)生”。例句：it gets hot after the sun has come up.例句：please let me know if anything comes up.【語法講解】一、復(fù)合不定代詞1、 由some, any, no, every加上one, body, thing構(gòu)成不定代詞，成為復(fù)合不定代詞。onebodythingsomesomeonesomebodysomethinganyanyoneanybodyanythingeveryeveryoneeverybodye