八級測試人文知識實用教案

1、 3. Which of the following is the oldest sport in the United States? A. Baseball (1840s,Cartwright N.Y.) B. Tennis (1870s, Britain) C. Basketball (1891, Massachusetts) D. American football (1870s) 4. The head of the executive branch in New Zealand is_. A. the President B. the Governor-general C. the

2、 British Monarch D. the Prime minister第1頁/共18頁第一頁，共19頁。 5. The Canterbury Tales, a collection of stories told by a group of pilgrims on their way to Canterbury, is an important poetic work by_ A. William Langland B. Geoffrey Chaucer C. William Shakespeare D. Alfred Tennyson 作家(zuji)及其作品第2頁/共18頁第二頁，共

3、19頁。 6. Who wrote The American? A. Herman Melville B. Nathanial Hawthorne C. Henry James D. Theodore Dreiser 7. All of the following are well-known female writers in 20th-century Britain except_. A. Gorge Elliot B. Iris Jean Murdoch C. Doris Lessing D. Muriel Spark 作家所處的時代 及所屬(sush)文學(xué)流派(英美現(xiàn)當(dāng)代作家)第3頁/

4、共18頁第三頁，共19頁。 8. Which of the following is not a designed feature of human language? A. Arbitrariness B. Displacement C. Duality D. Diachronicity 語言的特點(tdin) 9. What type of sentence is “Mark likes fiction, but Tim is interested in poetry.”? A. a simple sentence B. a coordinate sentence C. a complex

5、 sentence D. none of the above 句法學(xué)第4頁/共18頁第四頁，共19頁。 The phenomenon that words having different meanings have the same form is called _. A. hyponymy 上下義關(guān)系(gun x) B. synonymy 同義關(guān)系(gun x) C. polysemy 一詞多義 D. hemonymy 同音同形異義關(guān)系(gun x) 語義學(xué) 第5頁/共18頁第五頁，共19頁。 語言學(xué)概論(giln)I.Introduction to Linguistics1.What i

6、s language?*2.Designed features of language*3.Functions of language*4.What is linguistics?*5.Main branches of linguistics*6.Macrolinguistics*7. Important distinctions in linguistics*第6頁/共18頁第六頁，共19頁。語音(yyn) I. The basic difference between vowels and consonants : with or without an obstruction of the

7、 air stream. II. Phonology Phoneme* Allophones* Minimal pairs*第7頁/共18頁第七頁，共19頁。形態(tài)學(xué) I. The formation of Word* 1. Morpheme and morphology* 2. Types of morphemes* Free and bound morphemes Root, affix and stem Inflection, inflection affixes and derivational affixes第8頁/共18頁第八頁，共19頁。 Word formation: compo

8、und and derivation II. Lexical change* 1. blending, abbreviation, acronym, back-formation, borrowing. 2. Semantic change* Broadening (extension), narrowing, meaning shift (elevation, degradation)第9頁/共18頁第九頁，共19頁。句法學(xué)(fxu) 1. Transformational Generative Grammar:* Chomsky. Deep structure and surface st

9、ructure 2. Systematic-functional grammar: Halliday* The systemic part and the functional part第10頁/共18頁第十頁，共19頁。語義學(xué) 1. Sense and reference* 2. Major sense relations* Synonym Polysemy Homonymy Hyponomy Antynomy 第11頁/共18頁第十一頁，共19頁。語用學(xué) I. Speech Act Theory*:John Austin 1. Performative and constative* 2.

10、 A theory of illocutionary act* II. The cooperative principles*: Herbert Grice Quantity maxim Quality maxim Relation maxim Manner maxim第12頁/共18頁第十二頁，共19頁?，F(xiàn)代(xindi)語言學(xué)理論和學(xué)派 I. Saussure* “father of modern linguistics”, “Course in General Linguistics” His theory II. The London school: Firth Halliday: S

11、ystemic-Functional Grammar* III. Chomsky: Transformational-generative grammar*第13頁/共18頁第十三頁，共19頁。語言(yyn)與社會 Speech community* Pidgin* Speech variety* Creole* Varieties of language Bilingualism Regional dialect Social dialect Ethnic dialect Register Standard dialect第14頁/共18頁第十四頁，共19頁。語言(yyn)習(xí)得 1. Lan

12、guage acquisition 2. A behaviorists view 3. An innatists view Chomsky: universal grammar第15頁/共18頁第十五頁，共19頁。第二語言習(xí)得 1. Definition 2. Acquisition 3. Contrastive analysis 4. Error Analysis 5. Input Hypothesis第16頁/共18頁第十六頁，共19頁。Reference 1. 朱永濤主編,英語國家(guji)社會與文化入門(上下). 2. 戴煒棟, 何兆熊, 新編簡明英語語言學(xué)教程,上外出版社. 3. 張定銓,吳剛,新編簡明英國文學(xué)史,上海外語教育出版社. 4. 常耀信,美國文學(xué)簡史,南開大學(xué)出版社.第17頁/共18頁第十七頁，共19頁。謝謝您的觀看(gunkn)！第18頁/共18頁第十八頁，共19頁。NoImage內(nèi)容(nirng)總結(jié)3. W