P11高中英語連詞用法歸納(并列句和狀語從句)Word版

1、高中英語連詞（并列句和狀語從句）用法歸納一、概述：連詞是一種虛詞，用于連接單詞、短語、從句或句子，在句子中不單獨用作句子成分。連詞按其性質(zhì)可分為并列連詞和從屬連詞。并列連詞用于連接并列的單詞、短語、從句或句子，如and, but, or, for等；從屬連詞主要引出名詞性從句(主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句等)和狀語從句(時間狀語從句、條件狀語從句、目的狀語從句等)，引出名詞性從句的連詞如that, whether等，引出狀語從句的連詞如when, because, since, if 等。二、并列連詞的用法(一)、表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的并列連詞。主要有 but(但是), yet(可是), while(

2、而，卻)等。but的用法1. 連接詞或短語 It was a sunny but not very warm day. 那一天天氣晴朗，卻不太暖和。2. 連接句子Mrs. Brown was about to begin, but Jennie spoke first. 布朗夫人正要開始講話，珍妮先講了。3. 用于句首But what else can we do? 我們還能做什么?4. 用于道歉的表達(dá)之后Sorry, but were behind schedule. 抱歉，我們落在計劃后了。5. 用于notbut，表示“不是而是”Not you but I am to blame. 不是你

3、的錯而是我的錯。（就近原則）6. 用在某些否定語后，表示“只，除了”：I could do nothing but wait. / I had no choice but to wait.7. 用于next (last) but one 中，表示“隔壁再過去”“倒數(shù)第”He lives in the next house but one.他住在隔壁再過去一家。He was the last but one to arrive. 他是倒數(shù)第二個到的。8. cant help but 不由得不You cant help but respect them. 你不由得不尊敬他們?！咀⒁狻坎灰礉h語意思

4、將“雖然但是”直譯為althoughbut：誤：Though we are poor, but we are happy. (去掉though或but中任一個)9.but 與 however的用法區(qū)別 兩者均可表示轉(zhuǎn)折或?qū)Ρ龋鉃椤暗恰?、“可是”、“然而”等，但有區(qū)別：1. 表示轉(zhuǎn)折時，but 是連詞。如：He likes sports, but his wife likes music. 他喜歡運動，而他妻子則喜歡音樂。2. however 表示“然而”、“可是”時，有的詞書認(rèn)為它是連詞，有的詞書認(rèn)為它是副詞。之所以將其視為副詞，也許是因為像許多副詞一樣不僅能位于句首，而且能位于句中(注意

5、前后使用逗號)，甚至句末 (注意其前也用逗號)。如： Later, however, he changed his mind. 可是他后來改變了主意。He hasnt arrived. He may, however, come later. / He said that it was so; he was mistaken, however. 注意：以上各例中的 however 不能換成 but，但可用 but 來改寫。如：He said that it was so, but he was mistaken.3. 當(dāng)連接兩個句子時，其前通常應(yīng)用分號，或另起新句。如：Its raining

6、hard; however, I think we should go out. / Its raining hard. However, I think we should go out. 注意：上例中的 however 不能換成 but，但可用 but 來改寫 (注意所用標(biāo)點的變化)。如：Its raining hard, but I think we should go out.yet的用法1、yet用作連詞時，與but一樣也主要用于轉(zhuǎn)折，“但是”“而”： I have failed, yet I shall try again. 2、有時用在句首。如：Yet the house was

7、 cheerful. 但屋子里顯得很歡快。2 / 263、yet有時可與并列連詞and或but連用，構(gòu)成習(xí)語and yet和but yet，意為“雖然如此”“可是”“然而”，與單獨使用的yet意思相同。如：Hes not really nice-looking, and yet he has enormous charm. 他并不十分好看，可是他很有魅力。Shes a funny girl, but yet you cant help liking her. 她是一個奇怪的姑娘，但你禁不住會喜歡她。4、根據(jù)習(xí)慣，although不能與連詞but搭配使用，但是although可以與yet搭配連用

8、（此時的yet可視為副詞）Although we are poor, yet we are happy. / Although weve made some progress, yet we have a long way to go.while的用法1、考查表示時間的用法，其意為“當(dāng)?shù)臅r候”。如：(1). while可用來引導(dǎo)時間狀語，意為“當(dāng)?shù)臅r候”；引導(dǎo)的動作必須是持續(xù)性的，如： Please dont talk so loud while others are working. / She hates anyone listening while she is telephoning.

9、 (2) 趁的情況趕緊做, 否則來不及了 We must strike while the iron is hot. 我們要趁熱打鐵。 2、考查表示讓步的用法，其意為“盡管”“雖然”。如： While the work was difficult, it was interesting. 3、考查表示對比的用法，其意為“而”“但”。如：Prices are rising sharply, while incomes are lagging far behind. 注意：這樣用時，while引出的句子通常位于末，但有時也可位于句首。如：While most children learn to r

10、ead easily, some need extra help. 大多數(shù)兒童學(xué)閱讀很容易，有些兒童卻需要特別幫助。4、考查其省略用法，即主句與從句主語相同，且從句謂語動詞含有動詞be時，通?？墒÷詮木渲髡Z和動詞be。如：While (he was) in prison, she wrote her first novel. He fell asleep while (he was) doing his homework. (二)、表選擇的并列連詞主要 or (或者，還是，否則), eitheror(不是就是), neitheror(既不也不), otherwise (要不然)等。注：neit

11、hernor連接兩個句子，注意用倒裝語序。or的用法歸納1、表示選擇，意為“或”“還是”：Is the radio off or on? Would you prefer tea or coffee? 2、表示一種否定的條件，意為“否則”：Come on, or well be late. Hurry up, or you'll be late for school. 3、可表示“要不就是”：He must be joking, or else hes mad. The book must be here, or else youve lost it. 4、用于否定句中代替and。 H

12、e was not clever or good-looking. 他不聰明，也長得不好看。比較：They sang and danced. 他們既唱歌又跳舞。 They didn't sing or dance. 他們既沒有唱歌也沒有跳舞。5、用于習(xí)語The work is more or less finished. 工作大體上完成了。They consist of 1700 or more tribes. 他們由1700個或更多部族構(gòu)成。Theres just one or two details I want to make sure about. 還有一兩個細(xì)節(jié)我想弄清楚。E

13、ither your mother or your father may come with you. 你母親或是你父親會陪你去。(三). 表示因果關(guān)系的并列連詞主要有 for(因為), so(因此)等。注意：for表示結(jié)果通常不能放句首，也不能單獨使用。for的用法歸納1、for用作連詞，主要表示理由，用于引起的分句對前面的話進(jìn)行解釋，常用逗號把它和前面的分句分開。如：She was angry, for she didnt know French. He must be out, for there is no light in the room. 2、for表示結(jié)果通常不能放句首，也不能

14、單獨使用。3.for表示原因時的四個“不能”1）for引導(dǎo)的從句不能位于它所解釋的動詞之前：Because it was wet he took a taxi.（這里不能用for）2）for引導(dǎo)的從句不能位于not, but或任何連詞之后：He stole, not because he wanted the money but because he liked stealing. （這里不能用for）3）for引導(dǎo)的從句不能用于回答問題：Why did you do it? I did it because l was angry.（這里不能用for） 4）for引導(dǎo)的從句不能單單用來復(fù)述已

15、講過的話，而必須包括新的內(nèi)容：He spoke in French. She was angry because he had spoken in French.（這里不能用for）但是說：She was angry, for she didnt know French. （這里用for是正確的，也可用because）注意：之所以有這些用法上的限定，其理由是for引導(dǎo)的從句不能直接說明某一特定動作發(fā)生的原因，而只能提供一些起幫助解釋作用的附加說明。例如：The days were short, for it was now December. 注意：在口語中，for從句前常稍停一下。在筆語中，

16、在此處常有一個逗號。有時也用一個句號斷開，如最后一個例子所示。上面三個例句中也可用because, 但用for更好些。so的用法歸納1、so用作連詞，主要用于表結(jié)果，意為“所以”：Its very cold, so wear a heavy coat. 2、有時可與并列連詞and連用，構(gòu)成習(xí)語and so(相當(dāng)so)：He told me to do it and so I did it. 3、不要按漢語意思將“因為所以”直譯為becauseso：誤：Because he was ill, so he couldn't come.(去掉because或so中任意一個)(四)、表示并列關(guān)

17、系的并列連詞主要 and , or , eitheror, neithernor , not onlybut (also) , bothand , as well as ，when(=and just at this time 就在這時)等and 用法歸納1. 基本義為“和”“又”“而且”等，但它有時還可表示對比或轉(zhuǎn)折，相當(dāng)于漢語的“而”“但”“卻”。如：Shes a bank manager and Im just a road-sweeper. Ive read Tonys book and I dont understand it. 2. 有時用于連接兩個相同的詞語，主要有以下用法：(1

18、) 連接兩個相同的比較級，表示“越來越”。如：The weather is getting colder and colder. Computers are becoming more and more complicated. 計算機(jī)變得越來越復(fù)雜。(2) 連接兩個相同的動詞，表動作的反復(fù)或連續(xù)。He coughed and coughed. He tried and tried but without success. (3) 連接兩個相同的副詞，也表示動作的反復(fù)或連續(xù)。如：He kept moaning on and on. 他呻吟不已。(4) 連接兩個相同的名詞，有以下兩種主要用法：表

19、示“許多”。如：They talked for hours and hours. The road went on for miles and miles. 強(qiáng)調(diào)差別，意為“與不同”。如：Dont worry there are rules and rules. 別擔(dān)心規(guī)則跟規(guī)則不一樣。I like city life but there are cities and cities. 我喜歡城市生活，但城市之間也有差別。3. 在come和go以動詞原形出現(xiàn)時，其后習(xí)慣上不跟不定式表示目的，而是用“and+動詞原形”表示目的。如： I must go and help my mother. Go

20、 and buy yourself a new pair of shoes. 注意：但是，如果go和come不是以動詞原形出現(xiàn)，而是以過去式、過去分詞、現(xiàn)在分詞、動名詞等方式出現(xiàn)，則其后應(yīng)不定式表示目的。如：Ive come to collect my book. I m thinking of going to look for mushrooms. 另外，在come, go 之后的 and 有時可以省略（尤其在美國英語中）。如：Ill come (and) see you later. 4. 用在祈使句后，表示結(jié)果，意為“那么”（暗示一種條件）。如：Work hard and youll

21、pass the examinations=If you work hard, youll pass the examinations努力吧，你考試會及格的Arrive late once more and youre fired (=If you arrive late once more, youre fired). 再遲到一次，就把你開除。有時也可以不是用于祈使句后表示結(jié)果。如： One more step and I will fire. 你再動一步，我就要開槍了。5. 用在 good, nice, fine 等之后，表示“很”“挺”。如：I wont go until Im good

22、 and ready. 6. 在主從復(fù)合句中，不要在主句前誤加 and。如：使用兩個鏡子能看見自己的頭的后部。誤：If you use mirrors, and you can see the back of your head.正：If you use mirrors, you can see the back of your head.7. 某些用 and 連接的兩個詞，與漢語順序相反，不要按漢語詞序顛倒過來。如：rich and poor 貧富 land and water 水陸 right and left 左右 north and south 南北 food and dri

23、nk 飲食     food and clothing 衣食8. 比較以下各組句子有無連詞 and 的差別：The weather being fine, we went out for a walk. The weather was fine, and we went out for a walk.In the classroom there are five people, the teacher included.In the classroom there are five people, and the teacher was included

24、.He has two children, both of whom are naughty. He has two children, and both of them are naughty.三、從屬連詞的用法(一)引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句的從屬連詞1、表示“當(dāng)時候”或“每當(dāng)”的時間連詞。主要 when, while(見上面), as, whenever（無論什么時候）。when的用法歸納1). when可用來引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，意為“當(dāng)?shù)臅r候”從句的謂語動詞可以是延續(xù)的，也可以是短暫的。如： When the film ended, they went back. When I live

25、d there, I used to go to the seashore on Sundays.2). When 常用于下列句式：意為“就在那時,這時”。如： was doing somethingwhen was about to dowhen was on the point of doing sth. when had donewhen3). when可以表“既然”，如： How can I help them to understand when they wont listen to me?as 的用法歸納1)、表示伴隨，意為“隨著”。如：As time passed, thing

26、s seemed to get worse. 若其后不接從句，而接名詞，則用介詞 with 表“隨著” 如：With the development of modern agriculture and industry, more and more waste is produced. 2)、表示讓步，意為“雖然”“盡管”，要用于倒裝句（相當(dāng)于 though，但語氣稍弱）。如：(1)形容詞+as+主語+系動詞：例：Tired as he is, he offers to help me. 盡管他已經(jīng)很累了，他還是主動提出幫助我。(2)過去分詞+as+主語+系動詞：例：Well-known as

27、 the book is, the author is not satisfied and prepared to revise it.(3)名詞+as+主語+系動詞：（a省略）Student as he is, he does not study hard. 他雖然是個學(xué)生，但卻不努力學(xué)習(xí)。(4)副詞+as+主語+謂語部分：例：(very省略) Much as I admire his courage, I dont think he acted wisely. (5)動詞原形+as+主語+謂語的剩余部分：例：Try as you will，you wont be able to persu

28、ade him. 3)、表示時間，意為“當(dāng)時候”。如：He dropped the glass as he stood up. 他站起來時，把杯子摔了。注意:as 引導(dǎo)時態(tài)狀語從句時，其謂語動詞通常只能是動作動詞，而不能是靜態(tài)或狀態(tài)動詞。如：她出生后不久父母雙亡，是由姑母撫養(yǎng)大的。誤：Her parents died as she was a baby and she was brought up by her aunt.正：Her parents died when she was a baby and she was brought up by her aunt.4)、表示原因，引導(dǎo)原因狀

29、語從句時，其謂語動詞可以是動作動詞，也可以是狀態(tài)動詞。如：As you werent there I left a message. 因為你不在那里，我留了個信兒。另外，引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句，可用以下這樣的倒裝語序。如：Tired as she was, I decided not to disturb her. 因為她累了，我就決定不打擾她了。Writing hurriedly as she was, she didnt notice the spelling errors. 因為寫得倉促，她沒有注意其中的拼寫錯誤。5). as可用來引導(dǎo)時間狀語，意為“一邊一邊” 如： She sang as

30、she walked home all the way. (一邊一邊）6). 連接詞when, while, as的用法區(qū)別：1while引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句的謂語動詞必須是可延續(xù)的，而when引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句的謂語動詞是可延續(xù)的，也可以是表短暫性動作的動詞。如：When/While he was eating his breakfast, he heard the doorbell ring. When I stopped my car, a man came up to me. (不可用while)2從句動作發(fā)生在主句動作之前時，只能用when引導(dǎo)這個從句，不可用as或while。如： W

31、hen you have finished your work, you may have a rest.3表示“隨著”，連詞用as，不用when或while。如：As the election approached, the violence got worse.4如果主句表示的是短暫動作，而從句用延續(xù)性動作的進(jìn)行時態(tài)表示在一段時間內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行的動作時，when, while 與as 可互換使用。如：When/While/As I was walking down the street, I came across an old friend of mine.2、 表示“在之前(或之后)”的時

32、間連詞主要有before, after (之后) before 用法歸納1)“才” eg. We had sailed four days and four nights before we saw land.2)“不到就” eg. We hadnt run a mile before he felt tired.3)“趁” eg. Please write it down before you forget it.4)“還沒來得及” eg. Before I could get in a word, he had measured me.5) before從句中謂語不用否定式。E.g.：Be

33、fore they reached the station, the train had gone. 6) It will be/was段時間before“還要過多久才” eg.：It will be two years before he leaves the country. It will be/was not一段時間before“不多久就”eg.： It wasnt two years before he left the country.3表“自從”或“直到”的時間連詞 since, until, till。如：Never trouble troubles till trouble

34、troubles you.不要無事惹事。until/till 用法歸納1).until/till引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句用于肯定句時，主句的動詞是延續(xù)性動詞，表示動作或狀態(tài)一直持續(xù)到until/till所表示的時間，意為“某動作一直延續(xù)到某時間點才停止”。如：We waited until he came. 2)用于否定句時，主句謂語動詞是非延續(xù)性動詞，從句為肯定，意為“某動作直到某時間才開始”。如： He wont go to bed till/until she returns.3)till不可以置于句首，而until可以。如： Until you told me I had no idea of

35、 it.4)notuntil句型中的強(qiáng)調(diào)和倒裝說法：（強(qiáng)調(diào)）It was not until you told me that I had any idea of it. （倒裝）Not until you told me did I have any idea of it.since用法歸納1). Since作為介詞，后接某一確定的時間點，主句謂語動詞是持續(xù)性動詞，常與現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)、現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時態(tài)或過去完成時態(tài)連用。例如：He left the village in 1982 and I havent seen him since then.19822). Since作為介詞，后接某一確定

36、的時間點，主句謂語動詞是持續(xù)性動詞，常與現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)、現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時態(tài)或過去完成時態(tài)連用。例如：He left the village in 1982 and I havent seen him since then.1982.3) since引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句,作為連詞 “因為；既然；鑒于” 例如： He didnt come since he was busy.4). Since引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句, “從動作開始的那一時刻起” “從動作或狀態(tài)結(jié)束時算起” (1)“It is （has been）+時間+since+持續(xù)性動詞的過去時”，表示“自從以來到現(xiàn)在已有多久。”例如： It has be

37、en quite some time since I was last in London.我上次離開倫 (2) “It was+時間+since+持續(xù)性動詞的過去完成時”,表示“從到過去某時間點以來”，例如：It was three years since we had been here.那時我們在這已呆了三年。3、 表示“一就”的時間連詞。主要的有as soon as, the moment, the minute, the second, the instant, immediately, directly, instantly, once, no soonerthan, hardly

38、/scarcelywhen等。如：Ill let you know as soon as I hear from her. 我一接她的信就通知你。The moment I have finished Ill give you a call. 我一干完就給你打電話。I came immediately I heard the news. 我一聽到這個消息，馬上就來了。Once you begin you must continue. 你一旦開始, 便不可停下來。注意：1) 介詞“on”也表示“一、就、”，非時間狀語從句，而是時間狀語。on (doing) sth :On his arrival

39、/ On arriving at the airport, he was arrested by the police. 2) 如果hardly或no sooner或scarcely置于句首，句子必須用部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。 Hardly had I got home when it began to rain.4、 表示“上次”、“下次”、“每次”等的時間連詞。主要有every time(每次)，each time(每次)，(the) next time(下次)，any time(隨時)，(the) last time(上次)，the first time(第一次)。如：Ill tell him a

40、bout it (the) next time I see him. 我下一次見到他時，我就把這個情況告訴他。We lose a few skin cells every time we wash our hands. 每當(dāng)我們洗手的時候，我們都要損失一些皮膚細(xì)胞。You can call me any time you want to. 你隨時都可以給我打電話。注意：every time, each time, any time前不用冠詞，(the) next time, (the) last time中的冠詞可以省略，而the first time中的冠詞通常不能省略。(二)、 引導(dǎo)條件狀

41、語從句的從屬連詞。 這類連詞主要有if(如果), unless（=ifnot,”除非,如果不就）as so long as （只要）, as far as （就而論，eg: as far as I know/ Im concerned就我所知）in case（“以防,萬一”， 其它用法見下面）, on condition that (如果); providing / provided (that) ; suppose / supposing (that)（假設(shè)，如果）if only （要是多好，但愿）(注: only if “只有才”) 如：Do you mind if I open the

42、window? 我開窗你不介意吧?Dont come unless I telephone. 除非我打電話，否則你別來。As long as youre happy，it doesnt matter what you do. 只要你高興，你做什么都沒關(guān)系。In case it rains they will stay at home. 萬一下雨，他們就呆在家里。注意：在條件狀語從句中，通常要用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來意義，而不能直接使用將來時態(tài)。不過，有時表示條件的 if之后可能用 will，但那不是將來時態(tài), 而是表示意愿或委婉的請求(will為情態(tài)動詞)。如：If you will sit do

43、wn for a few moments, Ill tell the manager youre here. 請稍坐, 我這就通知經(jīng)理說您來了。if與whether的用法區(qū)別兩者在表示“是否”時的用法區(qū)別如下：1. 互換的場合： 引導(dǎo)賓語從句表示“是否”時, 兩者?？苫Q。如：He asked if whether we wanted a drink.注：若是引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句，則只能用 if (意為“如果”)。2. 通常用 if 的場合：當(dāng)引導(dǎo)一個否定的賓語從句時，通常用 if 而不用 whether。如：I dont care if it doesnt rain. 注：在個別詞語 (如 wo

44、nder, not sure 等)后的從句否定式有時也可能用 whether 來引導(dǎo)。如：I wonder if whether he isnt mistaken. 我想知道他是否錯了。3. 通常用 whether 的場合(1) 引導(dǎo)主語從句且放在句首時。如：Whether he will come is still a question. 他是否會來還是個問題。注：若在句首使用形式主語 it，而將主語從句放在句末，則有時也可用 if 來引導(dǎo)。如：It was not known whether if he would come. 不知他是否會來。(2) 引導(dǎo)表語從句時。如：The quest

45、ion is whether we should go on with the work. 注：引導(dǎo)表語從句偶爾也用 if (很不正式)，但遠(yuǎn)不如用 whether 常見。(3) 引導(dǎo)賓語從句且放在句首時。如：Whether he is single I dont know. 他是否單身，我不知道。(4) 引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時。如：Whether he agrees or not, I shall do that. 不管他同意與否，我都要那樣做。(5) 與 or 連用分別引導(dǎo)兩個從句時。如：I dont know whether he is wrong or she is wrong. 注：or

46、 若不是引導(dǎo)兩個從句，而是連接兩個詞或短語，則也可用 if (但不如用 whether 常見)。如：He didnt know if whether we should write or phone. 他不知道我們是寫信好還是打電話好。(6) 用于不定式之前時。如：Im not sure whether to stay or leave. I didnt know whether to laugh or to cry. (7) 用于介詞之后時。如：It depends on whether the letter arrives in time. (8) 直接與 or not 連用時。如：I w

47、ill write to you whether or not I can come. 我能不能來，我將寫信告訴你。注：若不是直接與 or not 用在一起，則有時也可用 if。如： I dont know whether if he will win or not. (9) 在某些動詞后(如 discuss 等) 通常只用 whether。如： We discussed whether we should hold a meeting. (三)、引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句的從屬連詞。主要的有 in order that, so that, in case, lest=for fear that（惟恐）

48、等。如：He raised his voice so that everyone could hear. 他提高了嗓音，以便每個人都能聽見。Take your umbrella (just) in case it rains. 帶上雨傘，以防下雨。She repeated the instructions slowly in order that he should understand. 她把那些指示慢慢重復(fù)了一遍好讓他聽明白。in case用作連詞的用法1）. 表示條件，意為“如果”“萬一”。如：In case it rains, do not expect me. In case you

49、 see him, ask him about it.2). 表示目的，意為“以防”“生怕”。如：Im shy of buying shares in case I lose money. 我不敢買股票，怕賠錢。Take warm clothes in case the weather is cold. 帶些暖和的衣服，以防天氣變冷。Ill keep a seat for you in case you should change your mind. 我給你留一個座位，以防你會改變主意。We took our swimming things in case we happened to fi

50、nd a pool. 我們帶上游泳用品，以備萬一能找到一個水池。注：有時中間的謂語由 should構(gòu)成，強(qiáng)調(diào)偶然性，可譯為“萬一”：I wrote down her address in case I should forget it. 我寫下了她的地址，以防萬一我忘了。I always slept by the phone in case he should ring during the night. 我總睡在電話機(jī)旁邊，怕萬一他夜間打電話來(四)、 引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句的從屬連詞。主要的有so that, so（+adj./adv.及many/much/little/few等）that, s

51、uch（+adj+n./pron.that“如此以致于” 等。如：I went to the lecture early so that I got a good seat. 我去聽演講去得很早, 所以找個好座位。I had so many falls that I was black and blue all over. 我摔了許多跤，以致于全身都是青一塊紫一塊的。He shut the window with such force that the glass broke. 他關(guān)窗子用力很大, 結(jié)果玻璃震破了。(五)、 引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句的從屬連詞主要有: because ; as ; si

52、nce / now (that )（既然）; for ; seeing (that)（鑒于）; in that(因為) considering (that)（就、而論；考慮到）; given (that) （考慮到； 假定） +句子注：because of ;as a result of ; as a consequence of ; thanks to; owing to; on account of; due to etc+ n./pron.He distrusted me because I was new. As you are sorry，Ill forgive you. Since

53、 weve no money, we cant buy it. Seeing that hes ill hes unlikely to come. Now that she has apologized, I am content. 既然她已經(jīng)道了歉, 我也就滿意了。because用法歸納1）. 表示原因，語氣較強(qiáng)，可用來回答 why 提出的問題。如：A：Why do you love her? 你為什么愛她? B：Because she is kind. 因為很善良。2). because 除經(jīng)常用于引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句外，還可引出表語從句或用于強(qiáng)調(diào)句等。如：It is because your

54、e eating too much. It was because I wanted to buy a dictionary that I went to town yesterday. 3). 漢語說“因為所以”，但英語卻不能用 becauseso這樣的結(jié)構(gòu)。如：4). 漢語說“之所以是因為”，英語可以類似以下這樣的句型（用that比用 because普通）。如：The reason (why) Im late is that because I missed the bus. 我遲到的原因是因為我沒有趕上公共汽車。傳統(tǒng)語法認(rèn)為這類句型不能用 because, 但在現(xiàn)代英語中用because

55、 的情形已很普遍。5). 在notbecause這一結(jié)構(gòu)中，not 有時否定主句，有時否定從句，具體視語境而定。一般說來，若 not 否定主句，最好在because 之前用逗號，否則會引起歧義，如下句在沒有特定上下文時就有兩種解釋：I didnt go because I was afraid.這個句子既可理解為“我沒有去是因為怕”，也可理解為“我不是因為怕才去”。但是，如果because之前有副詞just修飾，一般認(rèn)為not是否定從句而不是主句。如：You shouldnt get angry just because some people speak ill of you. 你不要因為有

56、人說你壞話而生氣。6). 有時可引導(dǎo)一個句子作主語，此時通常采用just because這樣的形式，并且主句謂語動詞通常（當(dāng)然不是一定）為mean。如：Just because you speak English doesnt mean you can teach it. 你會說英語并不意味著你能教英語。Just because youre old doesnt mean you have to be idle. 只是因為你年紀(jì)大了，這并不意味著你就應(yīng)該懶散不活動。Because you have words with your wife is no reason to smash up things.你和你妻子吵架并不能成為摔東西的理由。7). 用于構(gòu)成復(fù)合介詞because of，其后可接名詞、代詞、 動名詞、what 從句（但不能是that從句或沒有引導(dǎo)詞的從句）等。如：He is here because of you (that). 他為你（那事）而來這里。8). because of通常用來引