對外漢語—春節(jié)學習教案

1、會計學1對外漢語對外漢語春節(jié)春節(jié)(Chn Ji)第一頁，共80頁。春春 節(jié)節(jié)Spring Festival（Chinese New Year） 春節(jié)是中華民族最為隆重的一個傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日春節(jié)是中華民族最為隆重的一個傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日，有著悠久的歷史和淵源。它標志農歷舊，有著悠久的歷史和淵源。它標志農歷舊的一年結束，新的一年開始的一年結束，新的一年開始(kish)。在春。在春節(jié)，人們守歲拜年，告別寒冷單調的冬季節(jié)，人們守歲拜年，告別寒冷單調的冬季，迎接生機盎然的春天。，迎接生機盎然的春天。第1頁/共79頁第二頁，共80頁。 Far and away the most important holiday in C

2、hina is Spring Festival .Its also a symbol of unity ,prosperity 。Chinese consider spring festivalas the end of the past year in Chinese rular and new hope for the future sustenance。第2頁/共79頁第三頁，共80頁。春春 節(jié)節(jié)Spring Festival（Chinese New Year）春春 節(jié)節(jié)TheSpringFestival 農農 歷歷lunarcalendar正正 月月lunarJanuary;thefi

3、rstmonthbylunarcalendar除除 夕夕NewYearsEve;eveoflunarNewYear初初 一一thebeginningofNewYear元宵節(jié)元宵節(jié)TheLanternFestival第3頁/共79頁第四頁，共80頁。春春 節(jié)節(jié)Spring Festival（Chinese New Year）過過 年年Guo-nian; have the Spring Festival 對對 聯(lián)聯(lián)poetic couplet: two successive rhyming lines in poetry春春 聯(lián)聯(lián)Spring Festival couplets剪剪 紙紙paper

4、-cuts年年 畫畫New Year paintings買年貨買年貨(ninhu)special purchases for the Spring Festival ;do Spring ; Festival shopping第4頁/共79頁第五頁，共80頁。春春 節(jié)節(jié)Spring Festival（Chinese New Year） 敬敬 酒酒propose a toast 燈燈 籠籠lantern: a portable light 煙煙 花花fireworks 爆爆 竹竹 firecrackers (People scare off evil spirits and ghosts wit

5、h the loud pop.) 紅紅 包包red packets (cash wrapped up in red paper, symbolize fortune and wealth in the coming year.) 第5頁/共79頁第六頁，共80頁。春春 節(jié)節(jié)Spring Festival（Chinese New Year） 守守 歲歲staying-up 拜拜 年年pay New Years call; give New Years greetings; New Years visit 禁禁 忌忌taboo 去晦氣去晦氣(hu q)get rid of the ill-fort

6、une 祭祖宗祭祖宗offer sacrifices to ones ancestors第6頁/共79頁第七頁，共80頁。春春 節(jié)節(jié)Spring Festival（Chinese New Year） 壓歲錢壓歲錢gift money; money given to children as a lunar New Year gift (Culture Note: In the old days, New Years money was given in the form of one hundred copper coins strung together on a red string and

7、 symbolized the hope that one would live to be a hundred years old. Today, money is placed inside red envelopes in denominations considered auspicious and given to represent luck and wealth) 辭舊歲辭舊歲bid farewell to the old year 掃掃 房房spring cleaning; general house-cleaning 第7頁/共79頁第八頁，共80頁。春春 節(jié)節(jié)Spring

8、Festival（Chinese New Year） 年年 糕糕Nian gao; rice cake; New Year cake 團圓飯團圓飯family reunion dinner 年夜飯年夜飯the dinner on New Years Eve 餃餃 子子Jiao zi; Chinese meat ravioli 湯湯 圓圓Tang yuan; dumplings made of sweet rice, rolled into balls and stuffed with either sweet or spicy fillings 八寶飯八寶飯eight treasures ri

9、ce pudding 糖果糖果(tnggu)盤盤candy tray第8頁/共79頁第九頁，共80頁。春春 節(jié)節(jié)Spring Festival（Chinese New Year） 舞舞 獅獅lion dance (The lion is believed to be able to dispel evil and bring good luck.) 舞舞 龍龍dragon dance (to expect good weather and good harvests) 戲戲 曲曲traditional opera 雜雜 耍耍variety show; vaudeville 燈燈 謎謎riddl

10、es written on lanterns第9頁/共79頁第十頁，共80頁。The origin of the Lunar New Year The origin of the Lunar New Year Festival can be traced back thousands of years, involving a series of colorful legends and traditions. One of the most famous legends is Nian, an extremely cruel beast that the ancients believed

11、would devour people on New Years Eve. To keep Nian away, red-paper couplets are pasted on doors, torches are lit, and firecrackers are set off throughout the night, because Nian is said to fear the color red, the light of fire, and loud noises. 第10頁/共79頁第十一頁，共80頁。The custom of the Lunar New Year Tem

12、per fair and CCTV new years gala(逛廟會和逛廟會和春晚春晚)第11頁/共79頁第十二頁，共80頁。掃掃 塵塵so chn第12頁/共79頁第十三頁，共80頁。掃塵掃塵 Sweeping the Dust “Dust” is homophonic with “chen”（塵）（塵）in Chinese, which means old and past. In this way, “sweeping the dust” before the Spring Festival means a thorough cleaning of houses to sweep a

13、way bad luck in the past year. “Dust”與與“塵塵”是諧音（塵在漢語中的意思是是諧音（塵在漢語中的意思是舊的和過去的）。這樣，舊的和過去的）。這樣，“在春節(jié)前掃塵在春節(jié)前掃塵”是是指徹底清潔指徹底清潔(qngji)房屋掃除過去一年的厄房屋掃除過去一年的厄運。運。第13頁/共79頁第十四頁，共80頁。 This custom shows a good wish of putting away old things to welcome a new life. In a word, just before the Spring Festival comes, ev

14、ery household will give a thorough cleaning to bid farewell to the old year and usher in the new. 此習俗表達了收拾舊事物，歡迎新生活的美好愿望?？傊肆曀妆磉_了收拾舊事物，歡迎新生活的美好愿望?？傊驮诖汗?jié)到來之前，為了告別舊年迎接新年就在春節(jié)到來之前，為了告別舊年迎接新年(xnnin)，家家，家家戶戶都會徹底打掃一下房屋。戶戶都會徹底打掃一下房屋。第14頁/共79頁第十五頁，共80頁。祭祭 灶灶 神神 j zo shn第15頁/共79頁第十六頁，共80頁。第16頁/共79頁第十七頁，共80頁

15、。迎迎 財財 神神yng ci shn第17頁/共79頁第十八頁，共80頁。The God of wealth第18頁/共79頁第十九頁，共80頁。貼貼 春春 聯(lián)聯(lián) ti chn lin第19頁/共79頁第二十頁，共80頁。貼春聯(lián)貼春聯(lián)(chnlin) Pasting Spring Couplets “The Spring Couplet”, also called “couplet” and “a pair of antithetical phrases”, is a special form of literature in China. The Spring Couplet is com

16、posed of two antithetical sentences on both sides of the door and a horizontal scroll bearing an inscription, usually an auspicious phrase, above the gate. “春聯(lián)春聯(lián)”也被稱為和也被稱為和“對聯(lián)對聯(lián)”對立的一對短語，在中國是一種對立的一對短語，在中國是一種特殊的文學形式。春聯(lián)是由貼在門口兩側兩組對立的句子特殊的文學形式。春聯(lián)是由貼在門口兩側兩組對立的句子組成組成(z chn)，在門上面的橫批通常是一個吉祥的短語。，在門上面的橫批通常是一個吉

17、祥的短語。第20頁/共79頁第二十一頁，共80頁。The sentence pasting on the right side of the door is called the first line of the couplet and the one on the left the second line. On the eve of the Spring Festival, every household will paste on doors a spring couplet written on red paper to give a happy and prosperous atm

18、osphere of the Festival. In the past, the Chinese usually wrote their own spring couplet with a brush or asked others to do for them, while nowadays, it is common for people to buy the printed spring couplet in the market.貼在門右側的句子貼在門右側的句子(j zi)被稱作對聯(lián)的上聯(lián)，左側的為下被稱作對聯(lián)的上聯(lián)，左側的為下聯(lián)。除夕那天，每家都會在門上貼上紅紙寫的春聯(lián)，傳聯(lián)。除夕

19、那天，每家都會在門上貼上紅紙寫的春聯(lián)，傳遞出節(jié)日喜慶和熱鬧的氣氛。在過去，中國人通常用毛遞出節(jié)日喜慶和熱鬧的氣氛。在過去，中國人通常用毛筆自己寫春聯(lián)或者請別人寫春聯(lián)，而現在，人們普遍在筆自己寫春聯(lián)或者請別人寫春聯(lián)，而現在，人們普遍在市場上買印刷好的春聯(lián)。市場上買印刷好的春聯(lián)。第21頁/共79頁第二十二頁，共80頁。第22頁/共79頁第二十三頁，共80頁。 Dont Forget Our Door GodYou know,I am Zhang Fei第23頁/共79頁第二十四頁，共80頁。You , She, I ,Making,Ha Ha! 第24頁/共79頁第二十五頁，共80頁。 貼貼 “福

20、福” 字字 ti f zti f z第25頁/共79頁第二十六頁，共80頁。第26頁/共79頁第二十七頁，共80頁?！案８！弊肿?Pasting “Up-sided Fu” It is common for Chinese to paste the character “fu（福）（福）”, big and small, on walls, doors and doorposts around the houses. “Fu（福）（福）” shows peoples yearning toward a good life. 在墻上，門上和房子周圍的門框上貼大小福字是在墻上，門上和房子周圍的門框

21、上貼大小福字是中國人表達對美好生活渴望的普遍中國人表達對美好生活渴望的普遍(pbin)習俗。習俗。第27頁/共79頁第二十八頁，共80頁。Some people even invert the character “fu（福）（福）” to signify that blessing has arrived because “inverted” is a homonym for “arrive” in Chinese. Now many kinds of paper-cuts and “fu（福）（福）” can be seen in the market before the Festiva

22、l. 一些一些(yxi)人甚至倒貼福字來表示福到了，因為在漢語中人甚至倒貼福字來表示福到了，因為在漢語中“倒倒”是是“到到”的諧音。的諧音?，F在在春節(jié)前的市場上隨處可見各種各樣的窗花和福字?，F在在春節(jié)前的市場上隨處可見各種各樣的窗花和福字。 第28頁/共79頁第二十九頁，共80頁。年年 夜夜 飯飯nin y fn第29頁/共79頁第三十頁，共80頁。第30頁/共79頁第三十一頁，共80頁。第31頁/共79頁第三十二頁，共80頁。第32頁/共79頁第三十三頁，共80頁。第33頁/共79頁第三十四頁，共80頁。第34頁/共79頁第三十五頁，共80頁。第35頁/共79頁第三十六頁，共80頁。第36頁

23、/共79頁第三十七頁，共80頁。吃餃子吃餃子 Having Jiaozi On New Years Eve, the whole family will sit together to make jiaozi and celebrate the Spring Festival. The shape of jiaozi is like gold ingot from ancient China. So people eat them and wish for money and treasure. The tradition of having jiaozi is very important

24、during the Spring Festival. You cannot have a complete Spring Festival without having jiaozi. 在除夕那天，全家人會坐在一起包餃子慶祝在除夕那天，全家人會坐在一起包餃子慶祝(qngzh)春節(jié)。餃子的形狀像中國古代的金元春節(jié)。餃子的形狀像中國古代的金元寶，因此人們吃餃子以此來希望財富到來。在春寶，因此人們吃餃子以此來希望財富到來。在春節(jié)期間吃餃子是很重要的傳統(tǒng)習俗。如果沒有吃節(jié)期間吃餃子是很重要的傳統(tǒng)習俗。如果沒有吃餃子，你將不能擁有一個完整的春節(jié)。餃子，你將不能擁有一個完整的春節(jié)。第37頁/共79頁第三

25、十八頁，共80頁。第38頁/共79頁第三十九頁，共80頁。年年 糕糕nin go第39頁/共79頁第四十頁，共80頁。第40頁/共79頁第四十一頁，共80頁。 In south China, the favorite and most typical dishes were nian gao, sweet steamed glutinous rice（糯米（糯米(num)）pudding and zong zi (glutinous rice wrapped up in reed（蘆葦）（蘆葦）leaves), another popular delicacy. 年糕年糕(ningo)rice

26、 cake第41頁/共79頁第四十二頁，共80頁。臘八粥臘八粥Laba rice porridge 春卷春卷(chnjun)spring roll第42頁/共79頁第四十三頁，共80頁。守守 歲歲shu su第43頁/共79頁第四十四頁，共80頁。守歲(shu su) Staying Up Late on New Years Eve The tradition of staying up late to see New Year in originated from an interesting folk tale. In ancient China there lived a monster

27、 named Year, who was very ferocious. Year always went out from its burrow on New Years Eve to devour people. Therefore, on every New Years Eve, every household would have supper together. After dinner, no one dared go to sleep and all the family members would sit together, chatting and emboldening e

28、ach other.守歲的傳統(tǒng)源自于一個有守歲的傳統(tǒng)源自于一個有趣的民間故事趣的民間故事(mn jin sh)。在中國古代有一個叫。在中國古代有一個叫作作年年的兇猛怪物，在的兇猛怪物，在除夕夜除夕夜年年會從地洞里會從地洞里出來吃人。因此在除夕夜，出來吃人。因此在除夕夜，每家每戶都會一起吃晚飯，每家每戶都會一起吃晚飯，晚飯以后沒人敢睡覺，所晚飯以后沒人敢睡覺，所有的家庭成員會坐在一起有的家庭成員會坐在一起聊天互相壯膽。聊天互相壯膽。 第44頁/共79頁第四十五頁，共80頁。 Gradually the habit of staying up late on New Years Eve is fo

29、rmed. Thus in China, “celebrating the Spring Festival” is also called “passing over the year (guo nian)”. However, now there are less and less people in cities who will stay up late to see New Year in. 逐漸在除夕夜守歲的習慣形成了，因此在中國，慶祝逐漸在除夕夜守歲的習慣形成了，因此在中國，慶祝(qngzh)春節(jié)春節(jié)也被叫作過年。然而在城市里很少有人以守歲來歡迎新年。也被叫作過年。然而在城市里很少

30、有人以守歲來歡迎新年。 第45頁/共79頁第四十六頁，共80頁。壓壓 歲歲 錢錢 y su qin第46頁/共79頁第四十七頁，共80頁。第47頁/共79頁第四十八頁，共80頁。New Years Gift Money Juniors will greet seniors, wishing them health and longevity, while seniors will give juniors some gift money as a wish for their safety in the coming year. 第48頁/共79頁第四十九頁，共80頁。第49頁/共79頁第五十

31、頁，共80頁。拜拜 年年bi nin第50頁/共79頁第五十一頁，共80頁。第51頁/共79頁第五十二頁，共80頁。拜年拜年(bi nin)和壓歲錢和壓歲錢 New Years Visit and Gift Money 第52頁/共79頁第五十三頁，共80頁。放放 爆爆 竹竹fng bo zh 第53頁/共79頁第五十四頁，共80頁。放鞭炮放鞭炮 Setting off Firecrackers 第54頁/共79頁第五十五頁，共80頁。逛廟會逛廟會gung mio hu第55頁/共79頁第五十六頁，共80頁。第56頁/共79頁第五十七頁，共80頁。第57頁/共79頁第五十八頁，共80頁。第58

32、頁/共79頁第五十九頁，共80頁。第59頁/共79頁第六十頁，共80頁。第60頁/共79頁第六十一頁，共80頁。第61頁/共79頁第六十二頁，共80頁?？创汗?jié)看春節(jié)(Chn Ji)聯(lián)歡晚會聯(lián)歡晚會 The CCTV New Years Gala 第62頁/共79頁第六十三頁，共80頁。第63頁/共79頁第六十四頁，共80頁。 Festival GreetingsTraditional Festival Greetings:恭賀新禧 | Happy New Year吉祥如意 | Everything Goes Well恭喜發(fā)財(n x f ci) | Wishing You Prosperity

33、 年年有余 | Surplus Year after Year歲歲平安 | Peace All Year Round新春大吉| Good Luck in the New Year第64頁/共79頁第六十五頁，共80頁。Blessings: 金玉滿堂金玉滿堂Treasures Fill The Home 生意興隆生意興隆Business Flourishes 歲歲平安歲歲平安Peace All Year Round 恭喜發(fā)財恭喜發(fā)財Wishing You Prosperity 和氣生財和氣生財(h q shng ci)Harmony Brings Wealth 心想事成心想事成May All Your Wishes Come True 吉祥如意吉祥如意Everything Goes well第65頁/共79頁第六十六頁，共80頁。國泰平安國泰平安The Country Flourishes And People Live In Peace 招財進寶招財進寶Money And Treasures Will He Plen