高一英語動詞的時態(tài)

1、動詞的時態(tài)動詞是用來表示動作或狀態(tài)的詞，不同時間發(fā)生的動作或狀態(tài)要用動詞不同的結(jié) 構(gòu)來表示，這就是英語動詞的吋態(tài)。英語中一共有十六種時態(tài)，常用的有十二種。（以 行為動詞do為例）1. 一般現(xiàn)在時結(jié)構(gòu)：do does用法：一（1）表示經(jīng)常性、習慣性動作，常與 usually, sometimes, often, always, eveiy day 等連 用。wliat do you usually do in the evening?（2）表示現(xiàn)在的特征或狀態(tài)。he is very happy.（06 浙江）this machine. it hasn't worked for years

2、.a. didn't work b wasn't working c. doesn't workd. isif t working（06 全國卷 2） as you can see, the number of cars on our roadsrising these days.a. was keeping b. keep c. keeps d were keeping （3 ）表示普遍真理或客觀事實light travels faster than sound.（06 全國卷 1） the house belongs to my aunt but shehere a

3、ny more.a. hasn't lived b. didn't live c hadn't lived d. doesn't live（09 天津卷）my parentsin hong kong. they were bom there and have never livedanywhere elsea. live b. lived c were living d. will live（4）在口語中，一般現(xiàn)在吋有吋用來表示一個按規(guī)定、計劃或安排要發(fā)生的動作，句 中往往都帶有吋間狀語。只限于少數(shù)動詞：begin, come, go, leave, start

4、, arrive, return, end, stop, open, close, be, etc.the plane takes off at 11 amschool begins the day after tomorrow.tomorrow is saturday.（06 四川）look at the timetable. hurry up! flight 4026off at 18:20.a. takes b. tookc. will be taken d. has taken（5 ）在吋間或條件狀語從句中代替一般將來吋。please tell him about it as soon

5、 as he comes.turn off the lights before you leave.（94）一can i join the club, dad?一you can when youa bit older.a. get b will get c. are getting d will have got（03 北春）一 when will you come to see me, dad?（06 上海）send my regards to your lovely wife when youhome.a. wroteb. will write c have writtend. write

6、（09遼寧卷31）a. have leftfor africa.my parents have promised to come to see me before i b leave c leftd will leave表示狀態(tài)，感覺和愿望的動詞常用一般現(xiàn)在時。(be, like, see, hear, hate, think,remember, find, sound, taste, feel, smell, look ）i like english very much.the story sounds very interesting.（08 上海）do you know 訐terry w

7、ill go camping this weekend?terry? never! shetents and fresh air!a. has hated b. hated c. will hate d. hates (7)書報的標題，小說，戲劇等情節(jié)介紹常用一般現(xiàn)在時。2. 一般過去時：結(jié)構(gòu)：did用法:（1）一般過去時主要表示過去發(fā)生的動作或情況，常與表示過去的時間狀語連用， 女山 last night, three years ago, yesterday, in 1980 等。i wasn't in last night.my father worked in that fac

8、tory last year.（06 全國卷 1） the watercool when i jumped into the pool for morning exercise.a. was felt b. is felt c. felt d. feels（06 陜西）一you look very tired.at all last night?no, not really. tm tired out now.a. do you sleep b. did you sleep c. were you sleeping d. had you slept （07 全國）i know a little

9、 bit about italy as my wife and ithere several years ago.a. are going b. had been c. went d. have been（08 天聿卷）hefootball regularly for many years when he was younga. was playing b. playedc. has playedd had played（08 重慶卷）judy is going to marry the sailor she _ in rome last yea匚a. meetsb. met c. has m

10、etd. would meet（09 江西卷）do you want a lift home?it's very kind of you, but i have to work late in the office. i overslept this morning because my alann clock.a. doesn't go off b. won't go off c. wasn't going off d. didn't go off 有些情況，發(fā)生的時間不很清楚，但實際上是過去發(fā)生的，應(yīng)用過去時態(tài)：（95）一your phone num

11、ber again? iquite catch it.it's 9568442.a. didn't b. couldn't c. don't d. can't（96）-一o扎 it's you. iyou.一-fvejust had my haircut, and fm wearing new glasses.a. didnt recognize b. hadn't recognized c. haven5t recognized d. don't recognized（04 全國）my mind wasn't on wh

12、at he was saying so i1 m afraid ihalf of ita. was missing b had missed c. will miss d. missed（07 上海）2& - did you tidy your room?一-no, i was going to tidy my room but ivisitors.a. hadb. havec. have hadd. will have（08 北京）一have you read book called waiting for anya?whoit?a. writes b. has written c.

13、 wrote d. had written（09 四川卷）一you speak very good french!thanks. ifrench in sichuan university for four years.a. studied b. study c. was studying d. had studied （09 重慶卷 28） 一i've got to go now.must you ?i ou could stay for dinner with us.a. think b. thought c. have thought d. am thinking（3）在時間、條

14、件狀語從句中，用一般過去時表過去將來時。jane said she would go shopping when her mother came back.（4）表先后一連串的動作（91） on saturday afternoon, mr. green went to the market,some bananas andvisited his cousin.a. bought b. buying c. to buy d. buy（94） she set out soon after darkhome an hour later.a. arriving b. to arrive c. hav

15、ing arrived d. and arrived（05 上海）at last, we found ourselves in a pleasant park with trees providing shade anddown to eat our picnic lunch.a. sitting b. having sat c. to sit d. sat3. 現(xiàn)在進行時：結(jié)構(gòu)：助動詞 am / is / are + v.-ing用法：（1）表示現(xiàn)在（說話時）或現(xiàn)階段正在進行的動作：i'm writing a letter to my pen-friend.,（94） i don&#

16、39;t really work here. iuntil the new secretary arrives.a. just help outb. have just helped outc- am just helping outd. will just help out（04 北京）-whafs that terrible noise?the neighborsfor a party.a. have prepared b. are preparing c. prepare d. will prepare（08 遼寧）一have you got any job offers?no. ia.

17、 waited b. had been waiting c. have waitedd. am waiting（08 重慶）teenagerstheir health because they play computer games too much.a. have damaged b. are damaging c. damaged d will damage（2）表示按計劃或安排將要進行的動作，限于少數(shù)動詞go, come, start, arrive, return, work, sleep, do, play, have, etc.we are leaving on friday.ar

18、e you staying here till next week?（2001 春）i've won a holiday for two to florida. imy mum.a. am taking b. have taken c take d. will have taken（06 木畐建）ladies and gentlemen, please fasten your seat belts. the plane.a. takes off b. is taking off c. has taken off d. took off（3）在時間或條件狀語從句中，有時也可以用現(xiàn)在進行時

19、表示將來的情況don't mention this when you are talking with her（4）有時現(xiàn)在進行時用來代替一般現(xiàn)在時，表示一個經(jīng)常性動作或狀態(tài)，這時或是表示一種感情色彩，或是為了強調(diào)情況的暫時性。he is always thinking of others first.he is sleeping in the next room now.（05 安徽）he is such a man who is alwaysfault with other people.a. putting b. seeking c. finding d. looking for

20、4. 過去進行時：結(jié)構(gòu): was / were +v.-ing用法：（1）表示過去某個時刻或階段正在進行的動作what were you doing at this time yesterday?tom was doing his homework when i went to see him yesterday.（98） shirleya book about china last year, but i dortt know whether she has finished it.a. has written b. wrote c. had written d. was writing（2

21、000） the reporter said that the ufoeast to west when he saw it.a. was traveling b. traveled c. had been traveling d. was to travel （04 d 匕春）-sorry to have interrupted you. please go on._ where was i ?_ youyou didn't like your father's job.a .had said b. said c. were saying d. had been saying

22、 （07 全國）-is there anything wrong, bob? you look sad.-oh, nothing much. in fact, iof my friends back home.a. have just thoughtb. was just thinkingc- would just thinkd. will just be thinking（07 i折江）一1 saw jane and her boyfriend in the park at eight yesterday evening-一 impossible. shetv with me in my h

23、ome thena. watched b. had watched c. would watch d. was watching（07 四川）-did you see a man in black pass by just now?no, sir ia newspaper.a. read b. was reading c. would read d. am reading（08 安徽）did you watch the basketball match yesterday?yes, i did. you know, my brotherin the match.a. is playing b.

24、 was playing c. has played d. had played（08 j胡南）i called hnnah many times yesterday evening, but i couldnt get through. her brotheron the phone all the time!a. was talking b has been talking c. has talked d. talked（2）表示過去將來he said he was coming to the party.代替一般過去時，表示感情色彩she was always working like

25、that.（4）在敘述一個故事時，常用過去進行時描寫故事發(fā)生的背景。one day, i was walking along the road. suddenly.the wind was blowing and it was raining hard5. 現(xiàn)在完成時結(jié)構(gòu)：have/ has + v. pp-用法：（1）表示過去發(fā)生的動作對現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的影響，句中常有already, yet, just, ever, never等 副詞，但無具體的時間狀語。i have already seen the film.they have just left.（99） the price、but i d

26、oubt whether it will remain so.a. went down b will go down c. has gone down d. was going down （06 上海春招） weour new neighbors yet, so we don't know their names.a. don't meetb won't meet c. haven't met d. hadn't met（07江蘇）youhim around the museum yet?一 yes. we had a great time there.

27、a. have; shown b. do; show c. had; shown d. did; show（2）表示開始于過去，一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)或動作，或到現(xiàn)在為止的這一時期中發(fā) 生的情況，句中常有up till now, this week, so far, by now, in the past /last . years /months /weeks /days, these days, recently,等表示包括現(xiàn)在時間在擊的時間狀語或由 since,fbr引導的表示一段時間的時間狀語。how many english words have you learned?she has

28、 been ill for three days.（02 上海）i wonder why jennyus recently. we should have heard from her by now.a. hasn't written b. doesn't write c. won't writed. hadrf t written（03 北京）一david and vickymarried?一 for about three years.a. how long were, havingb how long have, gotc. how long have, been

29、d. how long did, get（04 北京）how can you possibly miss the news? iton tv all day long.a. has been b. had been c. was d. will be（06 浙江）my friend, whoon the international olympic committee all his life,is retiring next month.a. served b. is serving c. had served d. has served（07 福建）danny hard for too lo

30、ng to realize his dream and now he ispopula r.a. works b. is working c. has worked d worked （08 福建）so far this year wea fall in house prices by between 5 and 10 percent.a. sawb. seec. had seend. have seen（09 全國卷 ii ） progressso far very good and we are sure that the work will befinished on time.a. w

31、as b. had been c. has been d. will be（09 陜西卷）this is the first time wea film in the cinema together as a family.a see b had seen c saw d have seen（3）在時間、條件狀語從句中，表示將來某時已完成的動作：when you have finished the experiment, please tidy the lab.you'll get to like the subject after you have studied it for so

32、me time.6. 過去完成時：結(jié)構(gòu)：had + v.pp用法：（1）.表奈過去的過去一即表示過去某一時間或動作之前已發(fā)生或完成的動作，句中常 用by, before, until等詞引導的狀語，有時并無時間狀語，而是通過上下文表示。the film had begun when we got to the cinema.he suddenly remembered that he hadn't locked the door.i had learned 5000 words before i entered the university.（04 北春）i arrived late:

33、 ithe road to be so icy.a. wouldn't expect b. haven't expected c. hadn't expected d. wasn't expecting （05 寸匕京） hemore than 5,000 english words when he entered the university atthe age of 15.a. has learned b. would have learned c. learned d. had learned（05 福建） father for london on bus

34、iness upon my arrival, so i didnt see him.a. has left b. left c. was leaving d. had left（06 廣東） the young girl sitting next to me on the plane was very nervous. shebefore.a. hasn't flown b. didn't fly c. hadn't flown d. wasn't flying （08 陜西） the moment i got home, i found imy jacket

35、on the playgrounda. had left b. left c. have leftd. was leaving（09 重慶）she stared at the painting wondering where sheita. saw b. has seen c. sees d. had seen（09 j 匕京）john was given the same suitcase his fother and grandfatherwith them toschool.a. took b. had taken c. were taking d. would take（2）.表示從過

36、去某一時間開始持續(xù)到過去另一時間的動作、狀態(tài)或情況。（93）一-how longeach other before theymarried?for about a year.a. have they known; getb. did they know; were going to getc. do they know; are going to getd had they known; got（07 重慶）-did alan enjoy seeing his old friends yesterday ?yes, he did. hehis old friends for a long ti

37、me.a. didn't see b. wouldn't see c. hasn't seen d. hadn't seen（3）動詞 hope, intend, plan, mean, want, think, suppose, expect 的過去完成時可以用來表 示一個本來打算做而沒有做的事。they had meant to see me off at the airport, but they got there too late.i had intended to come to see you last night, but i was too b

38、usy.7. 現(xiàn)在完成進行時： 結(jié)構(gòu): have /has been + v.-ing 用法：表示現(xiàn)在以前這一階段里一直在進行的動作，這個動作可能仍然在進行， 也可能剛剛結(jié)束?，F(xiàn)在完成進行時強調(diào)動作的持續(xù)性。how long has it been raining?fve been writing a composition for the last two hours.（04 j 匕莉 now that she is out of a job, lucygoing back to school, but she hasn'tdecided yet.a. had considered

39、b. has been considering c. considered d. is going to consider （09 遼寧）excuse me, marcia, a reporter from vanity fairall day. could youspeak to her now?a. phones b. has phoned c. has been phoning d. phoned（09 浙江）over the past decades, sea icein the arctic as a result of globalwanning.a. had decreased

40、b. decreased c. has been decreasing d. is decreasing少數(shù)動詞如：work, study, live, teach等用現(xiàn)在完成時和現(xiàn)在完成進行時意思是差 不多的。how long have you been studying here?how long have you studied here?但大多數(shù)動詞并不能這樣換用i have written a letter.i have been writing a letter.（98） hi! tracy, you look tired.一-fm tired, ithe living room

41、all day.a. painted b. had painted c. have been painting d. have painted（2001 北京）iviolin lessons every two weeks, but i think eli make it every weekfrom next month.a. am having b. have had c. have d have been having（07 $胡南） cathy is taking notes of the grammatical rules in class at sunshine school, w

42、here sheenglish for a year.a. studies b studied c. is studying d. has been studying（07 江西一 i have got a headache.一-no wonder. youin front of the computer too long.a. work b. are working c. have been working d. worked（08 江蘇） 一fm sure andrew will win the first prize in the final.i think so. hefor it f

43、or months.a. is preparing b. was preparing c. had been preparing d. has been preparing8. 過去完成進行時：結(jié)構(gòu)：had been + v.-ing用法：表示過去某一動作或時間之前一直在進行的動作，強調(diào)動作的持續(xù)性。it had been raining for two days. the fields were all under waterat last he found the book he had been looking fbr.by the end of last year they had b

44、een studying in the us for five years.（05 江蘇）theyon the program for almost one week before i joined them, andnow weit as no good results have come out so far.a. had been working; are still working b. had worked; were still workingc. have been working; have workedd. have worked; are still working9. 一

45、般將來時：（6種表達法）結(jié)構(gòu)：（1） will + v.用法：a.表示單純的將來,用于各種人稱b. 表示交談中的臨時決定i won't be free tonight.when will you be able to give us an answer?（2000） 一 you've left the light on.-oh, so i have.and turn it offa. fl! go b. fve gone c. i go d. tm going（05 北京）as soon as he comes back, fii tell him whenand see hi

46、m.a. you will come b. will you come c. you come d. do you come （05 全國）一 did you tell julia about the result?一 oh, no, i forgot. iher now.a. will be calling b. will call c. call d. am to call（08 全國 ii） if their marketing plans succeed, theytheir sales by 20 percent.a. will increaseb. have been increa

47、singc. have increasedd. would be increasing（09 江蘇）-ann is in hospital.-oh, really? i know. i go and visit her.a. didn't; am going to b. dont; would c. don't; willd. didn't; will（2） be going to + v.a. 表示主觀打算、準備做的事b. 表示有預(yù)兆或跡象表明即將發(fā)生的事，不以人的意志為轉(zhuǎn)移。look! dark clouds are gathering. it is going to rain.（06 北京）leave at the end of this month.i don't think you should do that until another joba. i'm going to ;you'd foundb. pm going to ;you've foundc. fll ;you 4d findd.